Chapter 5 Tissues
Where is transitional Epithelium found
Inner lining of urinary bladder
The cardiac cells are connected to each other by ___________
Intercalated disks
Includes neuroglial cells
Nervous Tissue
Contains neurons and neuroglial cells
Nervous tissue
Coordinates, regulates, and integrates body functions
Nervous tissue
Transmits impulses along cellular processes
Nervous tissue
Skeletal Muscle may have several
Nuclei
Where are nervous Tissue found
Brain, Spina, cord, peripheral nerves
Where is simple columnar found
Lining of uterus, stomach, and intestines
What is the purpose of microvilli
Absorption of nutrients
Simple cuboidal function in _______ and ______ in the kidneys and _______ in the glands
Absorption, secretion, secretion
Commonly called fat
Adipose Tissue
Provides stored energy supply
Adipose Tissue
Cells greatly enlarged with nuclei pushed to sides
Adipose tissue
Functions as heat insulators beneath skin
Adipose tissue
Provides stored energy supply in fat vacuoles
Adipose tissue
Glands that lose portions of their cells bodies during secretion (mammary glands)
Apocrine
Characteristics of Epithelial Tissue
Are made up of tightly packed cells containing little intercellular material, generally lack blood vessels, and are replaced frequently, tend to have prominent nuclei when viewed under a microscope
Binds skin to underlying organs
Areolar tissue
Forms delicate thin layers between muscles
Areolar tissue
Why can't we classify transitional Epithelium as to shape
Because it changes in response to increase tension
Where is adipose Tissue located
Beneath the skin, around kidneys, behind eyeballs, on surface of heart
Where is fibrocartilage found
Between vertebrae
What is the main function of loose fibrous connective (areolar)
Bind organs, hold tissue fluid, hold body parts together
Function of connective Tissue
Bind, support, serve as frameworks, fill spaces, store fat, produce blood cells, protect against infections, and repair tissue damage
Contains large amounts of fluid and lacks fibers
Blood
Cells arranged around central canal
Bone
The most rigid connective Tissue
Bone
Which tissue is a pretty tissue because of the arrangement of cells
Bone cells
Has intercalated discs
Cardiac Muscle
Contains intercalated discs
Cardiac muscle
Muscle that composes heart
Cardiac muscle
Striated and involuntary
Cardiac muscle
Definition of tissue
Cells are arragned in tissues that provide specific functions for the body
How are loose fibrous connective (areolar) arranged
Cells are widely separated with fibers loosely packed
Blood: is composed of _____ and a liquid _____
Cells, plasma
Cartilage cells are called
Chondrocytes
What specialized cell is often found with columnar Epithelium
Ciliary goblet
How are bone cells arranged
Concentric circles around osteolic canals interconnected by canaculi
What shape is cuboidal Epithelium
Cube-shaped
Function of macrophages
Defend against infection
Main Tissue of tendons and ligaments
Dense fibrous connective Tissue
How are collagenous fibers arranged in dense fibrous connective Tissue to make it tough
Density packed
What is simple Epithelium best suited for
Diffusion
Why do pseudo stratified ciliated columnar looked layered
Due to varying positions of nuclei
Where is elastic cartilage found
Ear
Forms framework of outer ear
Elastic cartilage
What shape is columnar cell
Elongated
What is considered to be organs because they are composed of more than one type of tissue
Epithelial Membranes
Four Main Types of Tissues
Epithelial, Connective, Muscle, Nervous
Epithelial Membranes are composed of a layer of of _______ tissue and layer of _______ tissue
Epithelial, connective
Glands that secrete products into ducts are called _______ glands; those that secrete into body fluids and blood are called ______
Exocrine, endocrine
Adipose is a specialized loose connective Tissue designed to store
Fat
What is the main cell type found in areolar Tissue
Fibroblast
What are the four main cell types
Fibroblast, Macrophages, Mast Cells
Acts as a shock absorber
Fibrocartilage
Forms pad between vertebrae
Fibrocartilage
Pads between vertebrae that are shock absorber
Fibrocartilage
Which is the toughest cartilage
Fibrocartilage
What shape are the top cells of Squamous Epithelium
Flat and scale like
Elastic: is so named because it is _______
Flexible
What is a holocrine gland
Gland that relies entire cell that disintegrate to release cell secretions
What is an apocrine gland
Glands that lose small portions of their glandular cell bodies during secretion
What is a mecocrine gland
Glands that release fluid by exocytosis
What is an exocrine gland
Glands that secrete their products into ducts that open onto surfaces such as skin or the lining of the digestive tract
What is an endocrine gland
Glands that secrete their products into tissue fluid or blood
What does ciliated mean
Having cilia on the cell surface
Cardiac Muscle if found in the _____
Heart walls
Gland that release entire cells (oil glands in the skin)
Holocrine
Forms the ring around the windpipe
Hyaline Cartilage
Makes up the soft part of nose
Hyaline Cartilage
Forms supporting rings of respiratory passages
Hyaline cartilage
Forms the flexible soft part of nasal septum
Hyaline cartilage
Which is the most common type of cartilage
Hyaline cartilage
Is cardiac muscle voluntary or involuntary?
Involuntary
Is smooth muscle involuntary or voluntary
Involuntary
Why is transitional Epithelium found in the inner lining of urinary bladder
Keep urine from diffusing
List several places you are likely to find simple Epithelium
Lungs, blood vessels, lymph vessels
Where is one place you would find apocrine glands
Mammary glands
Where is stratified cuboidal found
Mammary glands
Where is skeletal Muscle found
Muscles usually attached to bones
Gland that release fluid products by exocytosis (pancreas) and are grouped as serous which produce a thicker, protective substance
Merocrine
In intestinal cells, the surface area is increased with _______
Microvilli
What is bones matriz composed of
Mineral salts
In stratified cuboidal what is the advantage of several layers
More protection, has more blood cells so it heals faster
How many layers is stratified Epithelial Tissue
More than one
What is the general function of all muscle tissue
Move body parts
Skeletal muscles are long so they are called
Muscle fibers
How many layers is simple Epithelial Tissue
One
How many nuclei does smooth muscle have
One in each cell
What are bone cells called
Osteocytes
Where are you likely to find keratin
Outer layer of skin
Where is stratified columnar found
Part of male urethra
What does keratinized mean
Produces a covering of dry, tough, protective, material that prevents water and other substances from escaping underlying tissue and block various chemicals from entering
What is stratified Squamous Epithelium best suited for
Protection
Function of Epithelial Tissue
Protection, secretion, absorption, excretion
Commonly possesses cilia that move dust and mucus out of the airways
Pseudostratified Epithelium
Forms lining of trachea and bronchi
Pseudostratified Epithelium
Nuclei located a different levels within cell
Pseudostratified Epithelium
Appears layered but is only one layer
Pseudostratified columnar Epithelium
Lines respiratory passages
Pseudostratified columnar epithelium
Function of mast cells
Release heparin and histamine
Where is one place you would find merocrine glands
Salivary glands
Where is one place you would find holocrine glands
Sebaceous gland of skin
Function of fibroblast
Secrete fibers
What is the function of ciliary goblet
Secrete mucus
What is neurons function
Sense certain types of changes in surrounding
Main tissue of tendons and ligaments
Sense connective tissue
Found in the tiny air sacs of lungs
Simple Squamous Epithelial Tissue
Single layer of flat cells
Simple Squamous Epithelial Tissue
Lines the intestines
Simple columnar Epithelial Tissue
One layer of elongated cells
Simple columnar Epithelial Tissue
Forms lining do stomach and intestines
Simple columnar Epithelium
Nuclei located near basement embrace
Simple columnar Epithelium
Lines the most of kidney tubules
Simple cuboidal Epithelial Tissue
Lines kidney tubules and ducts of salivary glands
Simple cuboidal Epithelium
Forms walls of capillaries and air sac of lungs
Simple squamous Epithelium
Single layer of flattened cells
Simple squamous epithelium
Type of tissue that controls voluntary movements
Skeletal Muscle
Muscle attached to to bones
Skeletal muscle
Striated and voluntary
Skeletal muscle
Type of tissue found in the stomach
Smooth muscke
Muscle that lacks striations
Smooth muscle
Moves good through digestive tract
Smooth muscle tissue
What are three different types of muscle tissue
Smooth, skeletal, cardiac
Reticular fiber characteristics
Soft and colorless
What is the shape of smooth muscle cells
Spindle cells
Forms lining of oral cavity, anal canal, and vagina
Stratford squamous Epithelium
Consists of many layers of flats cells
Stratified Squamous Epithelial Tissue
Lines the oral cavity
Stratified Squamous Epithelial Tissue
The outer layer of skin
Stratified Squamous Epithelial Tissue
Younger cells cuboidal, older cells flattened
Stratified squamous Epithelium
Skeletal Muscle appear striped and are said to be
Striated
Smooth muscle is striped so it is said to be _____
Striated
What are neuroglia cells functions
Support and nourish Tissues
Where are cilia found
Surface facing lumen of certain passageways
Where can we look for dense fibrous connective Tissue
Tendons and ligaments
Collagenous fibers characteristics
Tough and silvery white
Changes in response to increased tension
Transitional Epithelial Tissue
Forms the inner lining of the bladder
Transitional Epithelial Tissue
Consists of several layers of cube-shaped, elongated, and irregulares cells
Transitional Epithelium
Forms inner lining to urinary bladder
Transitional Epithelium
What is bloods function
Transports substances, helps maintain a stable internal environment
Is skeletal Muscle voluntary or involuntary
Voluntary
Where is smooth muscle found
Walls of hollow internal organs
Where are Epithelial Tissue found
Widespread throughout the body, covers organs, and lines body surfaces
Elastic fiber characteristics
Yellowish and has elasticity