Chapter 5

A frisk is a search of evidence.

False

A frisk is automatically authorized after all stops.

False

Case law on stop and frisk does not apply to motor vehicles.

False

In a stop and frisk involving a motor vehicle, officers may search the entire vehicle for weapons.

False

In order for a stop to be constitutional it must take no longer than 15 minutes.

False

Officers may use a frisk as a fishing expedition for evidence of crime.

False

The Supreme Court has ruled that stopping a person based on race alone is unconstitutional.

False

The first case where the U.S. Supreme Court found stop and frisk to be constitutional was Alabama v. White.

False

The police have the authority to detain a person briefly for questioning even without probable cause to believe that the person has committed a crime.

False

The purpose of a stop is to find evidence of a crime.

False

A consent to frisk based on submission to police authority is not a valid consent

True

After making a valid stop of a vehicle, an officer needs no further justification to order a driver out of a vehicle.

True

An officer cannot force a suspect who is stopping to reply to questions from the officer.

True

Requiring a suspect to disclose his or her name in the course of a stop and frisk does not violate the Fourth or the Fifth Amendment.

True

Stop and frisk activities are governed by the Fourth Amendment.

True

The Fourth Amendment sometimes allows suspicionless stops of vehicles

True

The Supreme Court uses a case-by-case approach to determine the reasonable length of time for a stop.

True

The equal protection clause prohibits stopping a person solely because of their race or ethnicity

True

The minimum level of proof required for an arrest is probable cause.

True

The procedure of searching airline passengers is easily justified based on a compelling state interest.

True

A pat-down for a weapons is known as a/an: a. frisk b. body search c. individual search d. both frisk and body search

a. frisk

Under what circumstances can a frisk lawfully take place after a stop? Only: a. if justified by concerns for safety b. if justified by the need to find evidence c. if justified to look for drugs d. no justification is required

a. if justified by concerns for safety

To remain within Fourth Amendment bounds, a stop must: a. last no longer than necessary b. not involve incriminating questions c. search it, but only if the officer has probable cause d. search it only after obtaining consent from the driver

a. last no longer than necessary

An officer makes a valid stop of an automobile. The officer has a reasonable suspicion that the suspect, who has exited the vehicle, is armed and dangerous. With regard to the passenger compartment of the vehicle, the officer may: a. search it immediately b. not search it until after a search warrant is obtained c. search it, but only if the officer has probable cause d. search it only after obtaining consent from the driver

a. search it immediately

The case of Minnesota v. Dickerson involved: a. the frisk in stop and frisk b. the stop in stop and frisk c. both the frisk and the stop in stop frisk d. probable cause to arrest

a. the frisk in stop and frisk

The case where the U.S. Supreme Court first authorized stop and frisk was: a. Minnesota v. Dickerson b. Terry v. Ohio c. Mapp v. Ohio d. Adams v. Williams

b. Terry v. Ohio

For a police officer to stop a person based solely on the person's race or ethnicity would be a violation of: a. due process b. equal protection c. the Fifth Amendment d. the privilege against self-incrimination

b. equal protection

A ____ must be limited initially to a pat-down of a person's outer clothing. a. search b. frisk c. warrantless search d. none of these

b. frisk

The Fourth Amendment forbids: a. unreasonable searches b. unreasonable searches and seizures c. unreasonable seizures d. irrational seizures

b. unreasonable searches and seizures

The location of concern in Pennsylvania v. Mimms was a: a. factory b. vehicle c. border checkpoint d. stationhouse

b. vehicle

In the absence of some justification, the display of police weapons during a stop may convert the stop into a/an: a. seizure b. search c. arrest d. detention

c. arrest

Stopping a person based on ethic identity is called: a. drug courier profiling b. gender profiling c. racial profiling d. standard profiling

c. racial profiling

A frisk is a Fourth Amendment: a. seizure of a property b. search of property c. search of a person d. seizure of a property

c. search of a person

A person has been seized under the Fourth Amendment if a reasonable person would believe: a. the police want to seize their property b. the police want to search their c. they are not free to leave d. the police want to ask them questions

c. they are not free to leave

For a stop and frisk to be valid, there must be reasonable suspicion: a. to frisk b. to stop c. to stop and frisk d. none of these

c. to stop and frisk

In Illinois v. Wardlow (2000) the U.S. Supreme Court held that a stop was justified, at least in part, by: a. information from a reliable informant b. a flyer or bulletin from another jurisdiction c. the smell of marijuana d. unprovoked flight upon seeing the police

d. unprovoked flight upon seeing the police

A frisk is a pat-down of the outer clothing to find: a. controlled substance b. evidence of any type of crime c. identification material d. weapons

d. weapons

In vehicle stops, a drug courier profile may be considered when looking at a. proof beyond a reasonable doubt b. the preponderance of the evidence c. discrimination d. the totality of circumstance

d. the totality of circumstance

In which respect are a stop and an arrest similar? Both: a. require probable cause b. require reasonable suspicion c. are usually conducted with a warrant d. are Fourth Amendment seizures of a person

d. are Fourth Amendment seizures of a person

When police detain a person during a stop longer than is reasonable, the stop becomes a/an: a. seizure b. search c. stationhouse detention d. arrest

d. arrest

Under which of the following circumstances can the police use stationhouse detention for fingerprinting? a. when reasonable suspicion exist b. when probable cause exists c. with the suspect's consent d. both b and c are correct

d. both B and C are correct

Reasonable suspicion is required for which of the following police action? a. arrest b. frisk c. stop d. both frisk and stop

d. both frisk and stop

An officer makes a valid stop for a non-violent offense. Which of the following actions by the officer is not automatically justified? a. asking the questions about the offense b. asking questions about the suspect's destination c. requiring the suspect to remain with the officer d. conducting a frisk

d. conducting a frisk

After making a valid stop of a vehicle the officer can order the driver to exit the vehicle only if he/she has which of the following? a. reasonable suspicion b. probable cause c. a warrant d. none of these are correct

d. none of these are correct

A stop is a Fourth Amendment: a. seizure of property b. search of property c. search of a person d. seizure of a person

d. seizure of a person