Chapter 6 quiz

What is the protein recommendation for elderly individuals to help maintain lean body mass? 1.7 g/kg body weight 1.2 g/kg body weight 0.8 g/kg body weight 1.0 g/kg body weight

1.2 g/kg body weight

What is the RDA for protein for an adult who weighs 143 pounds? 81 g 46 g 58 g 52 g

52 g

Which of the following statements about protein digestion is NOT true? Individual amino acids leave the mucosal cells through transport proteins and enter the blood. Stomach acid unfolds a protein. Pepsin, produced by cells lining the small intestine, breaks down the denatured protein into large polypeptide fragments. Brush border proteases digest short peptides into tripeptides, dipeptides, and individual amino acids.

Pepsin, produced by cells lining the small intestine, breaks down the denatured protein into large polypeptide fragments.

A child with kwashiorkor has a swollen belly appearance due to: eating too many fatty foods. eating too much starchy gruel. not eating enough protein to synthesize proteins needed to maintain fluid balance or transport fat from the liver. not eating enough protein to maintain lean body mass.

not eating enough protein to synthesize proteins needed to maintain fluid balance or transport fat from the liver.

Which of the following is a TRUE statement about protein denaturation? It causes proteins to coil and condense. Denaturation breaks peptide bonds. During digestion, it occurs primarily in the small intestine .It typically destroys the function of proteins.

.It typically destroys the function of proteins.

Which of the following is TRUE in regard to protein synthesis? Ribosomes read the amino acid sequence from DNA. Peptide bonds link amino acids between their side chain and amino group .The first step in protein synthesis is transcription. Proteins are assembled in the nucleus.

.The first step in protein synthesis is transcription.

All of the following are true regarding marasmus EXCEPT: it often causes permanent brain damage .it typically causes edema .body fat is nearly absent. it occurs with prolonged deficiency of protein and calorie intake.

.it typically causes edema

Which of the following provides approximately 8 grams of protein? 1 large egg 2 ounces of fish 1 cup of spaghetti noodles 1 cup of milk

1 cup of milk

Which of the following is NOT true of amino acids? Only nine amino acids must be provided by our diet. All amino acids contain nitrogen. All amino acids are composed of an acid group, an amino group, and a carbon side chain. The only difference between amino acids is their side chain.

All amino acids are composed of an acid group, an amino group, and a carbon side chain.

A health food store claims that you need to buy enzyme supplements because "your body's ability to make its own enzymes has been compromised by the common diet of overprocessed food." Using your knowledge of digestion, why would it be useless to purchase enzyme supplements? The supplemental enzyme would be rapidly degraded by salivary amylase. Enzymes are proteins and would be broken down into amino acids and no longer be functional. The supplemental enzyme is "resistant" to stomach acid and would be absorbed in original form through the stomach .The supplemental enzymes would be absorbed in the original form from the small intestine.

Enzymes are proteins and would be broken down into amino acids and no longer be functional.

Which of the following is NOT true of complementary proteins? They are of no concern for those who consume animal proteins. Their consumption improves the overall protein quality of the diet .They have different limiting amino acids. They must be consumed during the same meal.

They must be consumed during the same meal.

Which of the following is a TRUE statement during protein digestion? The breakdown of proteins begins in the small intestine. The pancreas produces enzymes that predominantly digest short peptides. The pancreas produces hydrochloric acid. Tripeptides are often digested after they are absorbed by mucosal cells.

Tripeptides are often digested after they are absorbed by mucosal cells.

Which of the following individuals is NOT in positive nitrogen balance? a 35-year-old man on a high-protein diet with normal levels of physical activity a pregnant woman a 25-year-old woman who has recently begun intense resistance training a growing child

a 35-year-old man on a high-protein diet with normal levels of physical activity

Amino acids consumed in excess of our needs will NOT: be stored as fat .be used as a source of energy .cause an increase in urea excretion. be stored as proteins.

be stored in proteins

Which of the following will NOT cause a loss of skeletal muscle mass? lack of physical activity any illness or dietary inadequacy accompanying ageing consuming only plant proteins a low-calorie diet

consuming only plant proteins

Which of the following protein sources will have a limiting amino acid? milk soy quinoa corn

corn

Which of the following would be LEAST likely to increase urea synthesis? increasing one's protein intake from the RDA to twice the RDA increased protein turnover and resynthesis loss of muscle mass increased use of amino acids as an energy source

increased protein turnover and resynthesis

One month ago, a teenage girl stopped eating animal-derived foods and now only consumes vegetables and fruits. She is now experiencing either a cold and/or an infection. This is probably due to inadequate protein intake for: maintaining blood pH balance. proper hormone regulation .maintaining tissue fluid balance. synthesizing antibodies.

synthesizing antibodies.

All of the following are true of protein turnover EXCEPT: the diet is the source of most of the amino acids in the amino acid pool. an increase in amino acid metabolism will increase urea production. proteins in all cells, tissues, and organs are constantly being broken down. proteins being resynthesized will fluctuate in response to physiological demands.

the diet is the source of most of the amino acids in the amino acid pool.

Two proteins contain the same number of the 20 different amino acids, yet they do not have the same three-dimensional structure and function. This is because: the proteins differ in their monosaccharide units. the proteins differ in their types of peptide bonds. the proteins differ in the sequence of amino acids in the polypeptide chain .the proteins differ in their carbon side chains.

the proteins differ in the sequence of amino acids in the polypeptide chain