Chapter 7

In a warm front, warm air pushes underneath cold air. True False

False

Midlatitude cyclones tend to pass over North America going from east to west. True False

False

North America does not contain air mass source regions. True False

False

The boundary between warm air and cold air is much steeper in a warm front than in a cold front. True False

False

A typhoon is simply a regional name for a hurricane. True False

True

Before occlusion, there are two fronts in a midlatitude cyclone. True False

True

Hurricane Katrina's greatest damage came from storm surge and flooding. True False

True

Hurricanes have their greatest wind speeds within the eyewall. True False

True

In hurricanes, surface winds converge towards the center while winds aloft diverge away from the center. True False

True

Maritime Tropical air is a common air mass affecting the eastern United States. True False

True

New Orleans is prone to hurricane flooding because it is lower than the level of the Mississippi River. True False

True

Typical winter cold waves in the eastern United States result from the southward movement of Canadian continental polar air masses. True False

True

When air masses come together, warm air rises over cold air. True False

True

Worldwide, hurricanes have caused more loss of life than tornadoes. True False

True

Which of the following relationships is correct? Hints a) Hurricanes are low-pressure centers that decrease in intensity when moving over land. b) Hurricanes are low-pressure centers that increase in intensity when moving over land. c) Hurricanes are high-pressure centers that decrease in intensity when moving over land. d) Hurricanes are low-pressure centers that circulate clockwise in the Northern Hemisphere. e) Hurricanes are high-pressure centers that circulate counterclockwise in the Southern Hemisphere.

a) Hurricanes are low-pressure centers that decrease in intensity when moving over land.

A cold front is currently over which of the following states? Hints a) Minnesota b) Washington c) New York d) Texas e) Georgia

a) Minnesota

Why does rain occur near a warm front? a) Rising warm air cools, resulting in cloud formation and rain. b) Falling cold air warms, resulting in cloud formation and rain. c) Falling cold air cools, resulting in cloud formation and rain. d) Rising warm air warms, resulting in cloud formation and rain.

a) Rising warm air cools, resulting in cloud formation and rain.

What source region is responsible for most of the precipitation that falls in Kentucky and Tennessee? a) The Gulf of Mexico b) North Pacific c) The Pacific, off the coast of Baja, California d) North Atlantic e) Northern Canada

a) The Gulf of Mexico

As a middle latitude cyclone goes through its life cycle, the warm sector ________. a) gets smaller b) becomes warmer c) subsides d) gets larger e) travels from east to west

a) gets smaller

Tornadoes, although erratic in their pathways, are always characterized by ________ pressure. a) low b) devaporized c) high d) constantly variable e) adiabatic

a) low

Which of the following air masses would most likely produce the patterns of average July dew points and temperatures present in the southeastern United States? Hints a) maritime tropical b) continental polar c) continental tropical d) continental equatorial e) maritime polar

a) maritime tropical

Which of the following can be said to be the "death" of a midlatitude cyclone? a) occlusion b) occurrence of intense precipitation c) expansion of the size of the warm sector d) cyclogenesis e) the presence of strong temperature gradients across fronts

a) occlusion

When do midlatitude cyclones stop producing storms? a) when the cold front has completely taken over the warm front b) when the warm front has completely taken over the cold front c) when the cyclone enters a region of limited surface water supply d) when the cyclone enters a region of limited heat energy

a) when the cold front has completely taken over the warm front

Where does rain occur in a warm front? a) Rain occurs along and to the left of a warm front. b) Rain occurs along and in front of a warm front. c) Rain occurs along and to the right of a warm front. d) Rain occurs along and behind a warm front.

b) Rain occurs along and in front of a warm front.

What happens when air masses of different temperatures meet? a) The warm air mass pulls the cool air mass into its center. b) Well-defined boundaries form between the air masses. c) The air masses move apart quickly. d) The air masses mix readily.

b) Well-defined boundaries form between the air masses.

In an occluded front, the warm air sector is ________. a) in the center of the anticyclone b) above the ground c) north of the cold sector d) on the ground e) south of the cold sector

b) above the ground

On the average, ________ fronts move the fastest of all fronts. a) stationary b) cold c) occluded d) warm e) hot

b) cold

Which front is shown on weather maps as a line with alternating semicircles and triangles on the same side of the line? a) stationary front b) occluded front c) cold front d) warm front e) dry front

b) occluded front

The "eye" of the hurricane is a zone characterized by ________. a) the most severe winds in the storms b) sinking air c) tremendous amounts of precipitation d) a radius of approximately 1,000 kilometers e) many tornadoes

b) sinking air

Midlatitude cyclones and anticyclones function as migratory features in the ________. a) ionosphere b) westerlies c) stratosphere d) ITC e) easterlies

b) westerlies

What explains the weather if the day started with high wispy clouds that grew lower and thicker as a steady drizzle fell through the afternoon, followed by early evening clearing and notably warmer temperatures? Hints a) A stationary front is to the east. b) A cold front has passed. c )A warm front has passed. d) A cT air mass is dominating. e) A midlatitude anticyclone is dominating.

c) A warm front has passed.

Of the regions of the United States, which has the highest incidence of tornadoes? a) West Coast b) New England c) Central States e) Florida d) Hawaii

c) Central States

Which of the following is the most likely time to sight a tornado in the United States? a) March b) January c) June d) October e) December

c) June

How are rain patterns different near warm and cold fronts? a) Rain near a cold front occurs over a smaller spatial area and is less intense than near a warm front. b) Rain near a cold front occurs over a wider spatial area and is less intense than near a warm front. c) Rain near a cold front occurs over a smaller spatial area and is more intense than near a warm front. d ) Rain near a cold front occurs over a wider spatial area and is more intense than near a warm front

c) Rain near a cold front occurs over a smaller spatial area and is more intense than near a warm front.

Why does rain occur near a cold front? a) Falling cold air warms, resulting in cloud formation and rain. b) Rising warm air warms, resulting in cloud formation and rain. c) Rising warm air cools, resulting in cloud formation and rain. d) Falling cold air cools, resulting in cloud formation and rain.

c) Rising warm air cools, resulting in cloud formation and rain.

Which country is the most likely place on Earth for a tornado to occur? a) Russia b) India c) The United States d) The People's Republic of China e) Brazil

c) The United States

Which of the following statements about movement in midlatitude cyclones are accurate? CHOOSE ALL THAT APPLY. a) The warm front advances faster than the center of the storm, and the cold front advances more slowly than the center. b) The warm and cold fronts advance faster than the center of the storm. c) The cold front advances faster than the center of the storm, and the warm front advances more slowly than the center. d) Surface winds move counterclockwise. e) The entire cyclone moves from west to east.

c) The cold front advances faster than the center of the storm, and the warm front advances more slowly than the center. d) Surface winds move counterclockwise. e) The entire cyclone moves from west to east.

What determines whether a front is called a cold front or a warm front? a) The type of front is determined by which air mass is heavier. b) The type of front is determined by which air mass is higher. c) The type of front is determined by which air mass is moving. d) The type of front is determined by which air mass is larger. e) The type of front is determined by which air mass is older.

c) The type of front is determined by which air mass is moving.

Concerning midlatitude anticyclones, which of the following is FALSE? a)They have light winds around their centers. b) They are areas of high pressure. c)They contain air mass conflict. d) They do not contain fronts. e) They are larger than cyclones.

c) They contain air mass conflict.

Which type of front typically produces the fastest rise of air? a) stationary b) dark c) cold d) occluded e) warm

c) cold

Which type of cloud is the associated with a thunderstorm? a) altocumulus b) cirrocumulus c) cumulonimbus d) cirrus e) stratocumulus

c) cumulonimbus

The average directional movement of hurricanes is ________. a) west to east b) south to north c) east to west d) north to south e) southwest to northeast

c) east to west

Given the patterns of average annual precipitation and January temperatures, which air mass is most likely influencing the coasts of Washington and Oregon? Hints a) continental tropical b) continental polar c) maritime polar d) maritime equatorial e) maritime tropical

c) maritime polar

The global westerly wind zone most heavily impacts the ________ latitudes. a) horse b) equatorial c) middle d) subtropical e) high

c) middle

What are midlatitude cyclones? a) stationary low-pressure cells that move in the band of the easterlies b) stationary low-pressure cells that move in the band of the westerlies c) migrating low-pressure cells that move in the band of the westerlies d) migrating low-pressure cells that move in the band of the easterlies

c) migrating low-pressure cells that move in the band of the westerlies

When neither air mass displaces the adjacent one, their boundary is called a(n) ________ front. a) cold b) warm c) stationary d) dry e) occluded

c) stationary

The correct designation for a hurricane is as a(n) ________. a) extratropical anticyclone b) super thunderstorm complex c) tropical cyclone d) enlarged tornado e) tropical occlusion

c) tropical cyclone

Which type of front causes many hours of steady rain BEFORE that front passes a location? a) cold b) stationary c) warm d) dry line e) tropical

c) warm

What explains the weather if the day starts warm and clear, but, later, a thunderstorm occurs and the temperatures drop? Hints a) A stationary front lies to the north. b) A cP air mass dominates. c) A warm front has passed. d) A cold front has passed. e) An mT air mass dominates.

d) A cold front has passed.

What is formed when an area of strong wind shear is tilted vertically by a strong updraft? a) A storm surge b) A katabatic wind c) A hurricane d) A mesocyclone e) A midlatitude anticyclone

d) A mesocyclone

________ is a distinguishing feature of thunderstorms. a) A cirrus cloud base b) Clouds of horizontal development c) Scant vertical development d) An anvil top e )Ground fog

d) An anvil top

________ have the most dynamic and changeable day-to-day weather on Earth. a) Air mass source regions b) Tropical latitudes c) Latitudes affected by hurricanes d) Latitudes affected by fronts e) Polar latitudes

d) Latitudes affected by fronts

What is occlusion in a midlatitude cyclone? a) Occlusion is the process by which clouds from a cyclone run out of rain. b) Occlusion is the process by which rain from a cyclone obscures visibility. c) Occlusion is the process by which a warm front overtakes a cold front. d) Occlusion is the process by which a cold front overtakes a warm front.

d) Occlusion is the process by which a cold front overtakes a warm front.

Where does rain occur in a cold front? a) Rain occurs along and to the left of a cold front. b) Rain occurs along and to the right of a cold front. c) Rain occurs along and in front of a cold front. d) Rain occurs along and behind a cold front.

d) Rain occurs along and behind a cold front.

The month most likely for a hurricane to occur in the Northern Hemisphere is ________. a) December b) June c) April d) September e) January

d) September

It can be said that along all the fronts in a middle latitude cyclone, ________. a) cold air sinks b) the pressure is high c) heavy rain occurs d) air rises e) precipitation is unlikely

d) air rises

Based on the average annual precipitation and average January temperatures, which of the following air masses would likely form over central Canada to the west of Hudson Bay? Hints a) maritime tropical b) maritime polar c) maritime equatorial d) continental polar e) continental tropical

d) continental polar

In the Northern Hemisphere, a midlatitude cyclone has winds that circulate ________. a) clockwise while converging b) clockwise while diverging from east to west c) counterclockwise while converging d) counterclockwise while diverging

d) counterclockwise while converging

Calm, fair weather is most likely to result from a(n) ________. a) tropical cyclone b) midlatitude cyclone c) chinook d) midlatitude anticyclone e) tornado

d) midlatitude anticyclone

What is a front? a) the boundary between two water masses of different size b) the boundary between two air masses of different size c) the boundary between two water masses of different temperatures d) the boundary between two air masses of different temperatures e) the boundary between two land masses of different temperatures

d) the boundary between two air masses of different temperatures

he energy source of hurricanes is ________. a) the jet stream b) cold fronts c) thunderstorms d) warm seawater e) warm fronts

d) warm seawater

In order to be classified as a hurricane, sustained wind velocity must exceed ________ kilometers per hour (mph). a) 320 (200) b) 48 (30) c) 160 (100) d) 88 (55) c) 119 (74)

e) 119 (74)

Tropical cyclones tend to cause the greatest loss of life on the ________. a) islands of the Philippines. b) islands of the Caribbean. c) coast of Brazil d) Gulf Coast of the United States. e) Bay of Bengal.

e) Bay of Bengal.

What causes the greatest number of fatalities from hurricanes? Hints a) Coastal erosion and landslides b) High winds c) Tornadoes d) Lightning e) Flooding

e) Flooding

Fronts are located ________. a) with respect to motion, to the rear of air masses b) in the middle of air masses c) near air masses d) underneath air masses e) at the edges of air masses

e) at the edges of air masses

On a weather map, a symbol consisting of triangles arranged along one side of a line indicates a(n) ________ front. a) tropical b) warm c) occluded d) stationary e) cold

e) cold

Upper air divergence is most closely associated with surface ________. a) anticyclones b) isobars c) air mass source regions d) inversions e) cyclones

e) cyclones