Chapter 7

14._______ forms when a limestone recrystallizes during metamorphism. A. Marble B. Gneiss C. Phyllite D. Quartzite E. Coal

A

18._______ is a very fine-grained metamorphic rock that splits easily along parallel planes. A. Slate B. Sandstone C. Marble D. Arkose E. Gneiss

A

2.___ tends to deform objects into oblong or flattened forms. A. Differential stress B.Strain C.Temperature D.Pressure E.Magnetism

A

32.In some instances a single mineral, a ____, suffices for determination of the pressure and temperature under which a metamorphic rock formed. A. metamorphic index mineral B. metamorphic key mineral C. metamorphic trace mineral D. metamorphic mica mineral E. metamorphic pressure-temperature mineral

A

34.A migmatite is a mixed ___ rock. A. metamorphic and igneous B.metamorphic and pyroclastic C.metamorphic and sedimentary D.contact and regional metamorphic E.contact and hydrothermal metamorphic

A

37.______ stress is a type of differential stress. A. Shearing B.Confining C.Lithostatic D.Hydrostatic E.Atmospheric

A

4.The deeper a rock is below the Earth's surface ______. A. the hotter it will be B.the cooler it will be C.the cooler it will be except near a pluton or magma chamber D.has no influence on temperature

A

8.A _______ is characterized by parallel-orientated minerals, commonly mica. A. schist B.gneiss C.greenstone D.amphibolite E.phyllite

A

9._____ is metamorphism coupled with the introduction of ions (charged atoms) from an external source. A. Metasomatism B. Digitization C. Intrusion D. Differentiation E. Blending

A

12._____ are important economic resources for lead, zinc, gold, silver, tungsten, tin, and mercury. A. Meteor impact sites B. Hydrothermal veins C. Marble D. Schists E. Quartzites

B

16.Low grade metamorphism of _____ forms greenschist, with chlorite as the dominant mineral. A. granite B. basalt C. ocean-floor sediments D. lake sediments E. limestone

B

17.In high temperature and pressure metamorphism, if the parent rock is _____ and the dominant mineral is amphibole then the rock is amphibolite. A. granite B. basalt C. ocean-floor sediment D. lake sediment E. limestone

B

19.___ metamorphism takes place at considerable depth underground (generally greater than 5km). A. Contact B. Regional C. Burial D. Hydrothermal E. Shock

B

21.Shock metamorphism can occur as a result of ______. A. volcanic eruptions B. meteor impacts C.tsunami D.earthquakes E.tornadoes

B

25.A mineral is said to be ____, if after a long time it does not convert to a new mineral. A. fixed B. stable C. invariable D. crystalline E. constant

B

31.The light-color layers within a typical gneiss are formed by __. A. amphiboles B. feldspars C. pyroxenes D. olivine E. calcite

B

33.When a rock is buried to increasing depth it is subject to increasingly greater temperature and pressure and will undergo _____. A. contact metamorphism B. prograde metamorphism C. shock metamorphism D. retrograde metamorphism E. hydrothermal metamorphism

B

40.When hot metal-rich solutions contact cold seawater at submarine spreading ridges, _______ are precipitated. A. carbonate B. ore minerals C. oils D. basalts E. silicates

B

6.__________ forces the constituents of a rock to become parallel to one another. A. Pressure B. Differential stress C. Strain D. Heat from a nearby pluton E. Starch

B

15.___ is produced when grains of quartz in sandstone are welded together when the rock is subjected to high temperatures. A. Limestone B. Marble C. Quartzite D. Monzonite E. Granite

C

22.When clay minerals in a shale are subjected to elevated temperature and pressure, they may change in the solid state (that is, without melting) to form platy minerals like ___ that are at equilibrium with the new temperature/pressure conditions. A. feldspar B. amphibole C. mica D. carbonate E. pyroxene

C

23.The most important factor in controlling the final metamorphic product is __. A.temperature B.pressure/stress C. the composition of the pre-existing rock D.the effect of fluids such as water E.shock

C

26.___ is a fine-grained metamorphic rock whose parent rock was basalt. A.Mica schist B.Phyllite C. Hornfels D.Garnet schist E.Gneiss

C

29.The zone of contact metamorphism (the aureole), ____. A.extends throughout the surrounding region because rock is such a good conductor of heat B.is commonly broad, as much as several kilometers wide C. is commonly rather narrow, from 1 to 100 meters wide D.is a thin zone, less than 1 meter wide E.is a very thin zone, no more than a few centimeters in width

C

36.If the mineral assemblage in metamorphic rocks is the same, they are regarded as having formed under similar pressure and temperature conditions and belong to the same _______. A. metamorphic rock group B. metamorphic mineral group C. metamorphic facies D. metamorphic temperature/pressure suite E. metamorphic province

C

39.When hot solutions emerge from the ocean floor, submarine hot springs called ________ form. A. ophiolites B. geysers C. hydrothermal vents D. mud pots E. fountains

C

11. _______ metamorphism occurs adjacent to a pluton when a body of magma intrudes a relatively cool country rock. A.Sedimentary B.Igneous C.Regional D.Burial E. Contact

E

27.The major ____ classification of metamorphic rocks divides them into foliated and non- foliated groups. A. mineral B. genetic C. crystal size D. fabric E. textural

E

3.The most important factors controlling the characters of metamorphic rocks include ___. A. composition of the parent rock B. temperature C. pressure D. water E. All of the choices are correct.

E

35. Lines connecting points of equal temperature on maps or cross sections are called __. A.thermochrons B.isochrons C.isohyetal curves D.isopleths E. isotherms

E

1.___ is pressure applied equally to all surfaces of a substance as a result of burial or submergence. A. Differential stress B. Strain C. Temperature D. Confining pressure E. Magnetism

D

10.____ is the lowest-grade rock in progressive metamorphism. A.Schist B.Gneiss C.Marble D.Slate E.Phyllite

D

13.The two most common non-foliated metamorphic rocks are _______ and marble. A.slate B.gneiss C.migmatite D.quartzite E.phyllit

D

20.___ metamorphism is the term used for the process in which rocks are altered by hot water. A. Aqueous B. Tectonic C. Burial D. Hydrothermal E. Shock

D

24.The differential stress responsible for foliation can take place at _____. A. the Gutenberg discontinuity B. hydrothermal locations C. static plate boundaries D. ocean-ocean convergent boundaries E. the continental crust-ocean crust transition zone

D

28.___ is a metamorphic rock with distinct light and dark layers that formed at high temperatures and pressures. A. Slate B. Phyllite C. Schist D. Gneiss E. Greenstone

D

30. Metamorphic rocks are prevalent __. A.in continental crust in the middle of a plate, far away from any mountains or active faults B.within volcanoes C.in the oceanic crust away from the mid-ocean ridge D. in intensely deformed portions of large mountain ranges, where the continental crust is subjected to high temperatures, pressures, and tectonic stress E. nowhere on Earth, because regional metamorphism only occurred back when the mountains were forming

D

38._________ is the pressure felt by deeply buried rock. A. Shear pressure B. Atmospheric pressure C. Hydrostatic pressure D. Lithostatic pressure E. Differential pressure

D

5. Metamorphism may involve all of the following except __. A.formation of new minerals B.changes in rock texture: grain size, grain shape, foliation, et cetera C.metasomatism D. complete melting of the rock E. recrystallization

D

7.Because of the ease with which it can be split into thin flat sheets, this metamorphic rock is used for making chalkboard, pool tables, and roofs. A. granite B. marble C. gneiss D. slate E. quartzite

D