Chapter 7 American History

What were the conditions of the Treaty of Paris?

Cuba becomes an independent country, Puerto Rico and Guam given to US, and gives the Philippines to the US for 20 million dollars.

Who defeated the Spanish in the Philippines?

Dewy

Boxers / Boxer Rebellion

During the Boxer Rebellion in 1900, the Boxers, supported by some Chinese troops, besieged foreign embassies in Beijing and Tianjin, killing more than 200 foreigners and taking others prisoner.

How did the number of American who died in training camps compare to those killed in battle in Cuba?

More died of sickness than in the battle

Treaty of Paris

On December 10, 1898, the U.S. and Spain signed the Treaty of Paris. The United states had now become an imperial power.

USS Maine

On the evening of February 15, 1898, while the Maine sat in Havana Harbor, it exploded. No one is sure why this happened, but Americans believed the Spanish did it.

Cuba

Platt Amendment-made Cuba an American protectorate, and remained in effect until 1934. In 1868, Cuban rebels declared independence and launched a guerrilla war against Spanish authorities. The rebellion collapsed a decade later, and many Cuban rebels fled to the U.S. One of the exiled leaders, José Martí, launched a rebellion in February 1895. Marti died, but the Republic of Cuba was established in September 1895. Cuba officially became an independent nation, although the United States claimed control over its foreign relations and exerted influence over internal politics.

Millard Fillmore

President Millard Fillmore decided to force Japan to trade with the United States. He ordered Commodore Matthew C. Perry to take a naval expedition to Japan to negotiate a trade treaty.

Monroe Doctrine

The Monroe Doctrine was a United States policy of opposing European colonialism in The Americas beginning in 1823. ... President James Monroe first stated the doctrine during his seventh annual State of the Union Address to Congress. The term "Monroe Doctrine" itself was coined in 1850.

Puerto Rico

The United States acquired Puerto Rico. Congress passed the Foraker Act, establishing a civil government in Puerto Rico.

William Howard Taft

The first U.S. civilian governor of the islands, William Howard Taft, slowly reduced Filipino hostility through his reforms.

Jingoism

Within the Republican Party, jingoism, extreme nationalism marked by aggressive foreign policy, was very strong, so the president faced pressure to go to war.

Dollar Diplomacy

a policy of joining the business interests of a country with its diplomatic interests abroad

Open Door Policy

a policy that allowed each foreign nation in China to trade freely in the other nations' spheres of influence

Teddy Roosevelt

led the Rough Riders

Sphere of Influence

section of a country where one foreign nation enjoys special rights and powers

Yellow Journalism

sensational, biased, and often false reporting for the sake of attracting readers. Joseph Pulitzer and William Randolph Hearst were both Yellow Journalist-type writers.

Commodore Matthew Perry

take a naval expedition to Japan to negotiate a trade treaty.

What artificial waterway connecting the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans came under United States control?

the Panama Canal

Social Darwinism / Imperialism- New Imperialism

the actions used by one nation to exercise political or economic control over a smaller or weaker nation. President Cleveland strongly opposed imperialism. Social Darwinism argued that nations competed with each other politically, economically, and militarily, and that only the strongest would survive.

Role of Tariffs in Imperialism-

to serve as a source of revenue, to protect domestic industries, and to remedy trade distortions.

What year did the US get the Panama Canal?

1903

Manchuria

China gave Japan territory in Manchuria. Then, in 1898, Russia demanded that China lease the Manchurian territory to Russia.

Anglo-Saxonism

John Fiske's ideas. linked to the idea of Manifest Destiny. Belief that english-speaking nations had superior characters, ideas, and systems of govt. and were destined to dominate the world.

Millard Fillmore → Commodore Perry → Japan

In 1852, after receiving several petitions from Congress, President Millard Fillmore decided to force Japan to trade with the United States. He ordered Commodore Matthew C. Perry to take a naval expedition to Japan to negotiate a trade treaty.

Korea

In 1894, Japan easily defeated China in a war over Korea.

Slowdown in Investment Opportunities in Europe (1800s)

In 1901 the United States and Great Britain signed the Hay-Pauncefote Treaty, which gave the United States the exclusive right to build any proposed canal through Central America. Administration officials also worked hard to replace European loans with loans from American banks in order to avoid European intervention in Latin America.

How did the United States and Cuba become closely linked economically?

Investments

Queen Liliuokalani

Queen Liliuokalani disliked the influence that American settlers had gained in Hawaii, so she tried to impose a new constitution reasserting her authority.

Hawaii

Queen Liliuokalani disliked the influence that American settlers had gained in Hawaii, so she tried to impose a new constitution reasserting her authority. A group of planters, supported by the U.S. marines, overthrew her monarchy and in 1891, she reluctantly stepped down. President Cleveland strongly opposed imperialism, so the United States annexed Hawaii once he was out of office.

With what country did the United States sign the Treaty of Paris?

Spain

Roosevelt Corollary

To address the problem of European powers exploiting Latin American debt, Roosevelt gave an address to Congress

Alfred T Mahan

U.S. Navy admiral who was a key player in promoting American imperialism by calling for a build up of American naval power.