Chapter 7 & 8 Assignments

Which of the following states have closed/partially closed primaries?

-North Carolina -Florida -Nevada

Which of the following are true of grassroots parties?

-The are open to all citizens. -They operate at the local level.

The Tea Party movement did not support which of the following policies?

-higher taxes -increased federal spending

Which of the following tactics were used to disenfranchise Blacks in the post-Civil War South despite the passage of the Fifteenth Amendment?

-publicized lists of voters -literacy tests

Which of the following beliefs is widespread among Americans, according to a poll conducted by Stanford University?

Americans carry out a meaningful amount of voter fraud every year.

Which of the following countries has had the highest estimated voter turnout in recent national elections?

Belgium

Which of the following statements correctly describes the relationship between income and political participation in the United States?

Higher-income citizens are the most active because they have the resources to participate effectively.

Why did the communist movement fail in America?

Its goals were too at odds with American values.

______ refers to the selection of the individual who will run as the party's candidate in the general election.

Nomination

What usually happens after a third party is relatively successful in attracting votes during a U.S. national election?

One or both major parties will try to co-opt the issue or issues that made the third party successful.

Although "independents" are idealized in high school civics classes, their lack of partisanship makes it less likely that they have

Political interest

Which statement best describes the prevalent view of the public concerning protest activists in the United States?

Protest activity should be tolerated.

Which of the following voting blocs migrated to the Republican Party during the 1980s and 1990s?

Southern whites

Which is a reason that some scholars think we have moved into a new party alignment?

The Republican Party has become stronger in the South and the Democratic Party had become stronger in the Northeast.

Which of the following statements is true regarding a single-member district electoral system?

The candidate with more votes than any opponent wins the election in the district.

When a realignment in the electorate occurs, which of the following happens?

The parties reorganize themselves.

Which of the following is a primary reason for low voter-turnout rates among young adults?

They change addresses frequently and need to re-register.

Which of the following is true about candidate-centered campaigns?

They encourage national officeholders to be responsive to local interests.

Which of the following best explains why many American citizens might not be registered to vote?

They lack education, don't own a car, and are poor.

True or false: The Tea Party movement was opposed to higher taxes to support government programs.

True

In which of the following countries is the rate of protest the LOWEST?

U.S.

One of the reasons voter turnout is lower in the United States than in western European countries is that

U.S. registration laws place a greater burden on the individual.

Citizens in which of the following countries are most likely to engage in political activities, such as volunteering for political campaigns?

United States

State party organizations are usually small and are directed by ______.

a full-time chairperson

What is a social or political movement?

a way for disenchanted citizens to voice their displeasure with government policy

Which of the following refers to a total lack of interest, such as a total lack of interest in politics?

apathy

Political protests

are seen by most Americans as something to be

All party organizations have a responsibility to ______.

build support among voters

How do Americans participate virtually in politics?

by using resources and joining discussions on social media

Although party organizations still manage many tasks related to elections, the lead role in elections now lies with the ______.

candidate

Political parties and their ability to control politics in the United States have been weakened by _____-centered campaigns

candidate

The groups and interests that support a political party are collectively referred to as a party ______.

coalition

The Black Lives Matter movement has sought, primarily, to highlight Blank______.

disparities in local officials' treatment of Black and white citizens

Local, state, and national party organizations are hierarchical in structure.

false

In the era of Jacksonian democracy, the efforts of local party organizations, along with the extension of voting rights to citizens without property, contributed to an almost ______ increase in election turnout

fourfold

The Occupy Wall Street movement, which began in 2011, was inspired by anger at the ______.

government bailout of the financial industry during the financial crisis of 2008

The Occupy Wall Street movement was aimed predominantly at which issue?

income inequality

Which of the following states had its voter ID law upheld by the Supreme Court despite the Court's admission that the law was created with partisan intentions?

indiana

Which of the following states has relatively low turnout in elections?

indiana

In the United States, the primary responsibility for registration of the individual voter rests with the

individual

For a movement to succeed, it must ______.

institutionalize its goals

Which theory argues that a party can maximize its vote by placing itself at the location of the middle voter's preference?

median voter theory

Which of the following groups has the highest rate of voter turnout?

middle-aged people from the upper class

As compared to other democracies, how likely are Americans to contribute time and money to political and community organizations?

more likely

When it comes to protest activities, a majority of Americans are

not highly supportive of such activities, despite America's tradition of free expression

One's sense of civic duty and sense of apathy are attitudes that are usually acquired from one's

parents

Organizations that nominate and seek to elect candidates to government office are known as ______.

political parties

The strongest ideological party in U.S. history was the ______.

populist

The strongest reform party in U.S. history was the ______.

progressive party

Voting for a candidate's promises rather than his or her past actions is an example of what is called ______ voting.

prospective

A permanent shift in party allegiances or electoral support is known as a party ______.

realignment

Voter identification cards find the most support among

republican

Voting for a candidate's past performance rather than future promises is an example of what is called ______ voting.

retrospective

In order to raise enough funds for their campaigns, political candidates raise money from all of the following groups except ______.

state governments

More people in the United States participate in election campaigns than people in other countries do because ______.

the United States has more elected posts than other countries do

The in-party's chances of staying in power has historically depended primarily on ______.

the condition of the economy

The killing of George Floyd by police in Minneapolis in 2020 led to ______.

the largest protests yet of police violence against Black Americans

Why did states start registering voters?

to prevent individuals from voting multiple times in the same election

How many major political parties are there in the United States today?

two

Political parties began to emerge in the United States ______.

two-party

Which of the following voting restrictions increases the burden on citizens who move frequently?

voter registration requirements

What is another name for the plurality system?

winner-take-all system

Which of the following statements about negative ads and negative campaigning are true? (Choose every correct answer.)

-Abraham Lincoln was the target of insulting comments about his appearance during election campaigns. -Negative campaigning in presidential elections was used as long ago as when Thomas Jefferson ran for office.

Which two political parties were competitive during the first party system?

-Federalists -Democratic-Republicans

Which two presidential candidates lost by overwhelming landslides in part because they diverged too far from the middle of the ideological spectrum?

-George McGovern -Barry Goldwater

What purpose does party competition serve in American politics?

-It allows groups of voters to act in unison. -It narrows down options for voters.

Which of the following are distinct disadvantages of the rise of candidate-centered campaigns? (Choose every correct answer.) Multiple select question.

-They make it easier for officeholders to deny responsibility for government actions. -They provide opportunities for powerful interest groups to donate money to candidates.

What percentage of states hold their gubernatorial elections in nonpresidential years?

75 percent

Black Americans are an important part of the Democratic Party's coalition; nearly Blank______ percent of them regularly vote for Democrats.

90

Which of the following statements about televised debates in presidential campaigns are true?

They are usually part of presidential campaigns.

Which of the following terms refers to a feeling of powerlessness, such as that rooted in the belief that government pays no attention to an individual's interests?

alienation

Because of the increasing cost of political campaigns, ______.

candidates must constantly work to raise funds

Political scientist Darrell West uses the term air wars to describe ______

candidates' use of televised ads

True or false: Americans in the lowest 20 percent of income earners have the highest levels of participation in the United States.

false

True or false: Local party organizations are stronger today than they were in the days of the political machines.

false

True or false: The Occupy Wall Street movement was limited to New York City. True false question.

false

True or false: When the United States was founded, all white men were given the right to vote.

false

In general, protest activity is ______ common in the United States than in many Western democracies.

less

What percentage of voters today cast a split ticket?

less than 20 percent

Senior citizens in the United States have a ______ rate of voter turnout than voters under the age of 30 do.

much higher

A ______ political system is made up of at least three political parties.

multiparty

When a political party makes a(n) ______ for an elected office, it selects a person to run as the party's candidate in the general election for that office.

nomination

Internet political participation peaks during which of the following?

presidential elections

All of the following tend to decrease voter turnout EXCEPT

sharp policy differences between major parties.

Harvard's Robert Putnam refers to the sum of face-to-face civic interactions among citizens in a society as ______. Multiple choice question.

social capital

Many voters cast a ______, where they only vote for candidates of one party.

straight ticket

Regular voters tend to be characterized by a

strong sense of civic duty.

Unlike participation through interest groups or political parties, participation in political movements Blank______.

takes place largely outside established institutions

What law did Congress enact in 1993 that required states to allow people to register to vote when applying for a driver's license or public assistance?

the Motor Voter Act

Primaries in which candidates of both parties are on the same ballot and the first and second finishers compete in the general election are called ______ primaries.

top-two

Americans participate more in politics than do citizens of other western democracies except in which of the following activities?

turning out to vote on Election Day

The national, state, and local organizations of the Republican and Democratic parties are ______.

relatively independent; that is, each level does not have much control over the others

In the United States,

voter registration requirements have usually been set by the states.

Today's political campaigns rely on which of the following to be successful?

-campaign strategists -media producers -pollsters

Over 70 percent of Americans' political participation via community activities takes place in which of the following?

-church-related groups -school-related groups -civic organizations

Even if a third-party candidate fails to win an election, the candidate will sometimes accomplish which of the following?

-draw attention to an issue previously ignored by the two major candidates -encourage one or both major parties to address issues introduced by the third party

Voting

-is a limited form of political participation. -provides citizens with a regular way to express themselves politically. -is the most widespread form of political participation. -does not offer as full an opportunity for political participation as some other activities. *All these answers are correct)

What percentage of party activists work within local political party organizations?

95%