Chapter 7 Cellular Respiration and Fermentation
Where do the reactions of the citric acid cycle occur in eukaryotic cells?
The matrix of the mitochondrion
In the absence of oxygen, cells need a way to regenerate which compound following glycolysis?
NAD+
In the overall process of glycolysis and cellular respiration,_____________ is oxidized and ____________ is reduced.
glucose; oxygen
The overall efficiency of respiration (the percentage of the energy released that is saved in ATP0 is approximately_______.
34%
Which of the following substances is/are involved in oxidative phosphorylation?
ATP, ADP, and Oxygen
Molecular oxygen (O2) has what role in aerobic cellular respiration?
It is the final electron acceptor at the end of the electron transport chain.
In an experiment, mice were fed glucose (C6H12O6) containing a small amount of radioactive oxygen. The mice were closely monitored, and after a few minutes radioactive oxygen atoms showed up in_______________.
Carbon Dioxide
Which of the following best describes the electron transport chain of cellular respiration?
Electrons are passed from one carrier to another, releasing a little energy at each step.
How many molecules of ATP are gained by substrate-level phosphorylation from the complete breakdown of a single molecule of glucose in the presence of oxygen?
Four
Of the metabolic pathways listed below, which is the most universal metabolic process associated with cellular respiration?
Glycolysis
Which process is the one in which glucose is oxidized to generate two molecules of pyruvate and in which ATP and NADH are produced?
Glycolysis
The immediate energy source that drives ATP synthesis during oxidative phosphorylation is the ________.
H+ concentration across the membrane holding APT synthase.
Where do the reactions of glycolysis occur in a eukaryotic cell?
In the cytosol
The electron transport chain involved in cellular respiration is located in/on the _________________.
Inner Membrane of the Mitochondrion.
When a poison such as cyanide blocks the electron transport chain, glycolysis and the citric acid cycle also eventually stop working. Which of the following is the best explanation for this?
NAD+ and FAD are not available for glycolysis and the citric acid cycle to continue.
After completion of the citric acid cycle, most of the usable energy from the original glucose molecule is in the form of ______________.
NADH
Which of the following is a correct description and sequence of events in cellular respiration?
Oxidation of glucose to pyruvate; oxidation of pyruvate; oxidation of acetyl-coA; oxidative phosphorylation
Most of the ATP produced in aerobic cellular respiration comes from which of the following processes?
Oxidative phosphorylation
During the reaction C6H1206--->6O2+6H2O, which compound is reduced as a result of the reaction?
Oxygen
Most of the NADH that delivers electrons to the electron transport chain comes from which of the following processes?
The citric acid cycle
Why is the citric acid cycle called a cycle?
The four-carbon acid that accepts the acetyl CoA in the first step of the cycle is regenerated by the last step of the pathway.
If muscle cells in the human body consume O2 faster than it can be supplies, which of the following is likely to result?
The muscle cells will have trouble making enough ATP to meet demands and the cells will not be able to carry out oxidative phosphorylation. The cells will consume glucose at an increaded rate.
In the citric acid cycle, for each pyruvate that enters the cycle, one ATP, three NADH, and one FADH2 are produced. For each glucose molecule that enters glycolysis, how many ATP, NADH, and FADH2 are produced in the citric acid cycle?
Two ATP, six NADH, two FADH2
Of the following molecules in the glycolytic pathway (the process of glycolysis), the one with the most chemical energy is____________.
fructose-1,6-bisphosphate
A molecule becomes oxidized when it_________
loses an electron