Chapter 7 HES
Which of the following are relative disadvantages of injectable contraceptives?
-A woman must visit a health care facility periodically to receive the injections. -After discontinuing use, a woman may remain infertile for several more months. -Injectable contraceptives do not protect against STIs.
Which of these statements regarding the use and maintenance of IUDs are correct?
-An IUD must be inserted or removed by a trained professional. -Most types primarily work by preventing fertilization. -An IUD should be checked regularly to ensure that the device is in place.
Which of the following are examples of reversible contraception?
-Intrauterine devices -Implants
Which of the following are advantages of an IUD as a contraceptive device?
-It can simply be removed to restore fertility. -It use does not require a woman to interrupt sexual activity. -It is very safe for all women.
Which of the following are characteristics of the vaginal contraceptive ring?
-It is inserted within the first 5 days of the menstrual cycle. -It slowly releases hormones and maintains blood hormone levels. -The ring prevents pregnancy in the same way as oral contraceptives.
Which of the following statements regarding intrauterine devices are true?
-Mirena is an IUD that releases synthetic progestin. -ParaGard lasts up to 12 years. -ParaGard is an IUD that is nonhormonal.
Which of the following statements about the effects of a contraceptive implant are true?
-Once inserted, It requires no further action for several years. -Its removal quickly reverses the device's contraceptive effect.
Which of the following statements regarding the vaginal contraceptive ring are correct?
-Proper disposal protocol should be followed with the ring. -If the ring has been removed for more than 3 hours during use, a back-up method is needed. -NuvaRing is the current brand on the market.
Which of the following statements about oral contraceptive pills are correct?
-Taking a few pills after sexual intercourse will not prevent pregnancy. -Pills should be taken according to the instructions.
Which of the following statements about the contraceptive patch are correct?
-The contraceptive patch has higher hormonal dosages than oral contraceptives. -Some patch users experience a rash around the patch. -Higher hormonal doses of the patch may cause more side effects than oral contraceptives.
Which of the following statements are true regarding the contraceptive skin patch, Ortho Evra?
-The patch releases estrogen and progestin. -If the patch falls off for more than one day, starting a new cycle of patches is recommended. -The patch works to prevent pregnancy just as other forms of hormonal contraception do.
How do contraceptive implants work to prevent pregnancy?
-They affect development of the uterine lining. -They impede ovulation. -They thicken the cervical mucus.
Contraceptive implants are characterized by which of the following?
-They are placed in the upper arm. -They secrete progestin only.
Which of the following statements about IUDs are true?
-They are placed in the uterus. -Depending on the type, they last from 3 to 12 years.
Which of the following statements regarding injectable contraceptives are correct?
-They offer protection against unwanted pregnancy for over 12 weeks. -They work to prevent pregnancy similar to other hormone based contraceptives. -The first injectable contraceptive approved for use in the United States was Depo-Provera.
The contraceptive skin patch, Ortho Evra, is typically worn on which of the following areas of the body?
-abdomen -upper, outer arm -buttocks
Problems associated with IUDs can manifest as which of the following?
-abdominal pain -foul-smelling vaginal discharge -fever and chills
Positive medical side effects of oral contraceptives not directly associated with the prevention of pregnancy include a decreased incidence of which of the following?
-anemia -ovarian cancer -colon cancer -acne
Which of the following are known to reduce the effectiveness of oral contraceptives?
-certain types of antibiotics -St. John's wort -antiseizure medications
Which of the following are typical advantages of oral contraceptives?
-decrease in cramps -highly reversible -predictable regularity of periods
Factors that reduce the efficacy of oral contraceptives include
-drug interactions. -poor absorption. -forgetting to take them.
Contraception can take place at many points along the pathway to fertilization. These include
-inhibiting ovulation. -blocking the successful implantation of a fertilized egg. -denying sperm entrance to the vagina.
What are some advantages of the contraceptive skin patch?
-lighter menstruation -decreased anemia -decreased risk of ovarian cancer
What are the substances in birth control pills that function to prevent ovulation?
-progestins -estrogen
Which of the following are potential disadvantages of IUDs?
-reliance on health care provider for insertion and removal -heavier periods for ParaGard users -does not protect against STIs
Methods to decrease health risks associated with oral contraceptives include
-requesting a low dosage. -not smoking.
Which of the following are common potential danger signals associated with oral contraceptive use?
-severe chest pain -severe abdominal pain -blurred vision
Which of the following describe how oral contraceptives work to prevent pregnancy?
-thicken cervical mucus -prevent ovulation -inhibit sperm mobility
Oral contraceptives are not recommended for women
-with impaired liver function. -who have had any type of cancer. -who have a history of blood clots. -who have a history of heart disease and stroke.
Which of the following are characteristics of the vaginal contraceptive ring?
It offers one month of protection with a single placement.
What is an advantage of a hormonal IUD that other types of IUDs do not have?
Its use can greatly decrease menstrual bleeding.
One major disadvantage to using contraceptive implants is that they provide little protection against
STIs
The contraceptive skin patch does not protect against
STIs
Which of the following are characteristics of prelubricated condoms containing the spermicide nonoxynol-9?
They have been associated with urinary tract infections in women.
True or false: Long-acting reversible contraception (LARC) methods are among the most effective forms of birth control.
True
Although the minipill has fewer side effects and health risks than the combination pill, in order to maintain its efficacy it is crucial that women always take the minipill
at the same time of day.
A contraceptive that acts solely as a physical obstruction, blocking sperm from uniting with the egg, is called a
barrier method.
The most commonly used form of oral contraception is the combination pill, which contains
both estrogen and progestin.
The fusion of ovum and sperm, resulting in a fertilized egg, or zygote, is called
conception
Which of the following types of contraceptives has a low risk of blood clots and is effective for more than a year with no action needed by the user?
contraceptive implant
One of the benefits of the vaginal contraceptive ring over other intra-vaginal birth control methods is the fact that it
does not require a fitting by a professional.
Contraceptive failure rate is defined as the percentage of women using a particular contraceptive method who experience an unintended pregnancy
during the first year of use.
Contraceptives that are designed to prevent ovulation and that make it more difficult for sperm to reach an egg if ovulation does occur are categorized as
hormonal methods.
Male condoms are usually made of ______, which helps to protect against sexually transmitted diseases and unwanted pregnancy.
latex
Which of the following is a consequence of contraceptive skin patch use?
less painful menstruation
Oral contraceptives that contain only progesterone compounds are called
minipills
What is the normal frequency for taking oral contraceptive pills?
one pill a day at the same time every day
A traditional combination pill regimen consists of 21 "active" pills that contain hormones and 7 "______" pills that do not.
placebo
Women can reduce the risks from oral contraceptive usage by
quitting smoking.
After initial insertion, contraceptive implants often negatively affect a woman's menstruation, resulting in longer periods, spotting, or lack of bleeding. However, after one year her menstrual cycle usually evens out and becomes more
regular
The efficacy of contraceptives is measured in two ways. The first reflects so called "perfect use," an idealized case where the method is used exactly as directed. The second, referred to as "______ use," is a more real world application.
typical
An IUD is a plastic device inserted into the ______ as a contraceptive.
uterus
