Chapter 7 - Language of Medicine Online Questions & Answers & TB

Absence of (no) urine production:

Anuria

Measurement of urea levels in blood

BUN

X-ray exam (without contrast) of the kidneys, ureters, and bladder:

KUB

X-ray image of the urinary tract:

Kidneys-ureters-bladder (KUB) film

X-ray imaging of the renal pelvis and ureters after injection of contrast through a urinary catheter into the ureters from the bladder:

RP

X-ray image (with contrast) of the urinary bladder and urethra obtained while the patient is voiding:

VCUG

Malignant tumor of the kidney occurring in childhood:

Wilms tumor

Uremia a.) Azotemia b.) Hematuria c.) Dysuria d.) Cystitis e.) Hemprrhage

a.) Azotemia

Nitrogenous waste a.) Creatinine b.) Fatty acid c.) Lipid d.) Carbon dioxide e.) Sugar

a.) Creatinine

Nephrosclerosis a.) Hardening of blood vessels in the kidney b.) Loss of protein in the urine c.) A test of kidney function d.) Prolapse of the kidney e.) Excess fluid in the kidney

a.) Hardening of blood vessels in the kidney

Protein in the urine:

albuminuria

Nitrogen in the blood:

azotemia

High levels of ketones in the blood can lead to a.) High pH of urine b.) Acidosis c.) Excessive elimination of fats d.) Diabetes insipidus e.) Low specific gravity

b.) Acidosis

A term that means no urine production is a.) Diuresis b.) Anuria c.) Voiding d.) Micturition e.) Nocturia

b.) Anuria

Diabetes insipidus is characterized by all of the following EXCEPT a.) Polydipsia b.) Glycosuria c.) Polyuria d.) Pituitary gland malfunction e.) Insufficient ADH

b.) Glycosuria

X-ray of the urinary tract a.) Renal ultrasonography b.) KUB C.) BUN d.) Cystoscopy e.) Renal dialysis

b.) KUB

Glomerular a.) Pertaining to a tube leading from the kidney to the bladder b.) Pertaining to small balls of capillaries in the kidney c.) Pertaining to a tube in the bladder d.) Pertaining to a collecting chamber in the kidney e.) Pertaining to the urinary bladder

b.) Pertaining to small balls of capillaries in the kidney

Renal abscess may lead to a.) Diabetes mellitus b.) Pyuria c.) Nephroptosis d.) Ascites e.) Diabetes insipidus

b.) Pyuria

Lithotripsy a.) Renal transplant b.) Shock waves crush urinary tract stones c.) Radioscopic study d.) Panendoscopy 3.) Foley catherterization

b.) Shock waves crush urinary tract stones

Vesicoureteral reflux:

backflow of urine from the urinary bladder to the ureter

Test that measures the amount of urea in the blood a.) CT scan b.) RP c.) BUN d.) VCU e.) Creatinine clearance test

c.) BUN

Alkaline a.) Acidic b.) pH c.) Basic d.) Acetone e.) Water

c.) Basic

Oliguria a.) Nocturia b.) Polyuria c.) Scanty urination d.) Bacteriuria e.) Pus in the urine

c.) Scanty urination

Hernia of the tube connecting the kidney and urinary bladder a.) Herniorrhaphy b.) Urethrocele c.) Ureterocele d.) Urethroileostomy e.) Urethrostomy

c.) Ureterocele

Cup-like collecting region of the renal pelvis:

calyx

The term caliceal means pertaining to (-al) the ________ (calic/o).

calyx

Nitrogenous waste excreted in urine:

creatinine

A combining form that means urinary bladder:

cyst/o

Direct visualization of the urethra and urinary bladder with a cystoscope:

cystoscopy

Artificial kidney machine a.) Renal biopsy b.) CAPD c.) Lithotripsy d.) Hemodialysis e.) Renal transplantation

d.) Hemodialysis

A group of symptoms marked by edema, proteinuria, and hypoalbuminemia a.) Renal ischemia b.) Essential hypertension c.) Polycystic kidney d.) Nephrotic syndrome e.) Diabetes mellitus

d.) Nephrotic syndrome

Surrounding the urinary bladder a.) Suprarenal b.) Infrarenal c.) Perivisceral d.) Perivesical e.) Perinephric

d.) Perivesical

Electrolyte a.) Bilirubin b.) Creatinine c.) Albumin d.) Sodium e.) Glucose

d.) Sodium

Childhood renal carcinoma a.) Hypernephroma b.) Polycystic kidney c.) Glomerulonephritis d.) Wilms tumor e.) Phenylketonuria

d.) Wilms tumor

A condition in which antidiuretic hormone is not secreted adequately or the kidney is resistant to its effect:

diabetes insipidus

A condition is which insulin is not secreted adequately or not used properly in the body:

diabetes mellitus

Protein in the urine a.) Ketonuria b.) Acetonuria c.) Hyperbilirubinemia d.) Bilirubinuria e.) Albuminuria

e.) Albuminuria

Nephrolithotomy a.) Hardening of a stone b.) Removal of the urinary bladder and kidney stones c.) Removal of the kidney and stones d.) Bladder calculi e.) Incision to remove a renal calculus

e.) Incision to remove a renal calculus

Meatal stenosis a.) Enlargement of an opening b.) Stoppage of blood flow to the kidney c.) Incision of an opening d.) Widening of the bladder orifice e.) Narrowing of the urethral opening to the outside of the body

e.) Narrowing of the urethral opening to the outside of the body

Renal pelvis a.) Nehpr/o b.) Cyst/o c.) Re/o d.) Py/o e.) Pyel/o

e.) Pyel/o

Portion of the urinary bladder a.) Hilum b.) Pylorus c.) Fundus d.) Medulla e.) Trigone

e.) Trigone

Urine is held in the bladder a.) Urinary incontinence b.) Pyuria c.) Polyuria d.) Nocturia e.) Urinary retention

e.) Urinary retention

Polydipsia:

excessive thirst

Polyuria

excessive urination

Nocturia:

frequent urination at night

Inflammation of the glomeruli within the kidney:

glomerulonephritis

The term glomerular means pertaining to (-ar) the ________glomerul/o.

glomerulus

Tiny ball of capillaries in the kidney:

glomerulus

Use of an artificial kidney machine that filters waste-filled blood from the patient and then returns it:

hemodialysis

Cystocele:

hernia of the urinary bladder

Depression in an organ where blood vessels and nerves enter and exit:

hilum

High levels of potassium in the blood:

hyperkalemia

Cancerous tumor of the kidney in adulthood:

hypernephroma

Low levels of sodium in the blood:

hyponatremi

Inflammation of the connective tissue that lies between the renal tubules:

interstitial nephriti

Abnormal condition of ketones in the blood and body tissues:

ketosis

One of the bean-shaped organs that filter nitrogenous wastes from the bloodstream to form urine:

kidney

The term paranephritic means pertaining to (-al) near (para-) the ________ (nephr/o).

kidney

The term renal colic means intermittent spasms of pain caused by calculi in the ________ (ren/o).

kidney

A procedure in which urinary tract stones are crushed:

lithotripsy

Process of crushing a stone in the urinary tract:

lithotripsy

Opening or canal:

meatus

Process of expelling urine:

micturition

Urrinary meatal stenosis:

narrowing of the opening of the urethra to the outside of the body

A combining form that means kidney:

nephr/o

Kidney stones:

nephrolithiasis

Combination of glomerulus and renal tubule where filtration, reabsorption, and secretion take place in the kidney:

nephron

Group of clinical signs and symptoms caused by excessive protein loss in urine:

nephrotic syndrome

Creatinine:

nitrogenous waste

Azotemia:

nitrogenous wastes in the blood

Excessive urination at night:

nocturia

Scanty urination:

oliguria

Dysuria

painful urination

Use of a peritoneal catheter to introduce fluids that cleanse the blood and then are removed:

peritoneal dialysis

Caliceal:

pertaining to a calyx

Medullary:

pertaining to the inner section of an organ

Multiple fluid-filled cysts within and on the kidney:

polycystic kidney disease

Condition of increased thirst:

polydipsia

Electrolyte essential for allowing muscle contraction and conduction of nervous impulses:

potassium

Inflammation of the lining of the renal pelvis and renal parenchyma:

pyelonephritis

Dilation of narrowed areas in renal arteries:

renal angioplasty

The outer region of the kidney:

renal cortex

The inner region of the kidney:

renal medulla

Central collecting region in the kidney:

renal pelvis

The term pyelolithotomy means incision (-tomy) of the ________ (pyel/o) to remove a stone (lith/o).

renal pelvis

Microscopic tube in the kidney where urine is formed after filtration:

renal tubule

Oliguria:

scanty urination

The term trigonitis means inflammation (-itis) of the ________(trigon/o).

trigone

Triangular area in the urinary bladder:

trigone

Major nitrogenous waste excreted in urine:

urea

Urea in the blood:

uremia

One of the two tubes leading from the kidneys to the urinary bladder:

ureter

The term ureteroplasty means surgical repair (-plasty) of a ________ (ureter/o).

ureter

The term urethral stricture means narrowing of the ________ (urethr/o).

urethra

Tube leading from the urinary bladder to the outside of the body:

urethra

Muscular sac that holds and stores urine:

urinary bladder

The term cystitis means inflammation (-itis) of the ________ (cyst/o).

urinary bladder

The term intravesical means pertaining to (-al) within (intra-) the ________ (vesic/o).

urinary bladder

Passage of a Foley catheter through the urethra into the urinary bladder:

urinary catheterization

Urinary retention:

urine is held in the bladder