Chapter 7 Life Span Developement

Which of the following statements regarding an infant's vital signs is correct? Select one: A. An infant's normal body temperature is typically higher than a preschooler's. B. By 6 months of age, an infant's normal tidal volume is 2 to 4 mL/kg. C. An infant's heart rate generally ranges between 70 and 110 beats/min. D. An infant's normal heart rate increases by 10 beats/min each month.

Chapter 7, Neonates (Birth to 1 Month) and Infants (1 Month to 1 Year), Page 242 The correct answer is: An infant's normal body temperature is typically higher than a preschooler's.

The anterior fontanelle fuses together between the ages of: Select one: A. 9 and 18 months. B. 6 and 8 months. C. 7 and 14 months. D. 3 and 4 months.

Chapter 7, Neonates (Birth to 1 Month) and Infants (1 Month to 1 Year), Page 243 The correct answer is: 9 and 18 months.

At what age does separation anxiety typically peak in infants and small children? Select one: A. 24 to 36 months B. 10 to 18 months C. 18 to 24 months D. 6 to 8 months

Chapter 7, Neonates (Birth to 1 Month) and Infants (1 Month to 1 Year), Page 244 The correct answer is: 10 to 18 months

You are assessing a 13-month-old female who is running a fever and has been vomiting. While you are performing your physical examination on this child, you will MOST likely find that she: Select one: A. is unable to track your movements with her eyes. B. will readily allow you to separate her from her mother. C. responds to her name but is fearful of your presence. D. has bulging fontanelles secondary to severe dehydration.

Chapter 7, Neonates (Birth to 1 Month) and Infants (1 Month to 1 Year), Page 244 The correct answer is: responds to her name but is fearful of your presence.

The decline in cardiac function that commonly occurs in late adulthood is MOST often related to: Select one: A. hypotension. B. atherosclerosis. C. kidney failure. D. medication use.

Chapter 7, Older Adults (61 Years and Older), Page 252 The correct answer is: atherosclerosis.

Why does the incidence of diabetes mellitus increase with age? Select one: A. Decreased physical activity, increased weight gain, and decreased blood sugar levels B. Decreased food intake, decreased weight gain, and decreased blood sugar levels C. Increased physical activity, increased food intake, and increased insulin production D. Decreased physical activity, increased weight gain, and decreased insulin production

Chapter 7, Older Adults (61 Years and Older), Page 253 The correct answer is: Decreased physical activity, increased weight gain, and decreased insulin production

Age-related changes in the renal system result in: Select one: A. a significant increase in filtration, which causes the excretion of large amounts of water from the body. B. a decreased ability to clear wastes from the body and a decreased ability to conserve fluids when needed. C. dilation of the blood vessels that supply the nephrons, which allows the kidneys to maintain their function. D. the formation of large amounts of urine secondary to an increase in kidney mass of up to 20%.

Chapter 7, Older Adults (61 Years and Older), Page 253 The correct answer is: a decreased ability to clear wastes from the body and a decreased ability to conserve fluids when needed.

In late adults, the amount of air left in the lungs after expiration of the maximum amount of air: Select one: A. increases, which hampers diffusion of gases because of the stagnant air that remains in the alveoli. B. remains unchanged because the lungs have become accustomed to years of breathing pollution. C. decreases, which increases diffusion in the lungs and causes an accumulation of carbon dioxide. D. decreases, resulting in widespread collapsing of the alveoli and impaired diffusion of gases.

Chapter 7, Older Adults (61 Years and Older), Page 253 The correct answer is: increases, which hampers diffusion of gases because of the stagnant air that remains in the alveoli.

According to the terminal drop hypothesis: Select one: A. most elderly patients experience depression after the death of a loved one. B. a person's physical health begins to decline after the age of 75 years. C. mental function is presumed to decline in the 5 years preceding death. D. most late-stage adults retain high brain function until 1 month before death.

Chapter 7, Older Adults (61 Years and Older), Page 254 The correct answer is: mental function is presumed to decline in the 5 years preceding death.

An infant's blood pressure typically increases with age because: Select one: A. the infant's total blood volume decreases with age. B. as the infant gets older, his or her blood vessels dilate. C. blood pressure directly corresponds to body weight. D. his or her normal heart rate usually increases with age.

Chapter 7, page 242, Neonates (Birth to 1 Month) and Infants (1 Month to 1 Year) The correct answer is: blood pressure directly corresponds to body weight.

You are dispatched to a call for a 4-month-old infant with respiratory distress. While you prepare to take care of this child, you must remember that: Select one: A. the infant's proportionately small tongue often causes an airway obstruction. B. assisted ventilations in infants often need to be forceful to inflate their lungs. C. small infants are nose breathers and require clear nasal passages at all times. D. an infant's head should be placed in a flexed position to prevent obstruction.

Chapter 7, page 242, Neonates (Birth to 1 Month) and Infants (1 Month to 1 Year) The correct answer is: small infants are nose breathers and require clear nasal passages at all times.

Which of the following describes the Moro reflex? Select one: A. The neonate opens his or her arms wide, spreads his or her fingers, and seems to grasp at something after being startled. B. When the sole of the foot is stroked with a blunt object, the big toe lifts upward and the other toes fan outward. C. When something touches a neonate's cheek, he or she instinctively turns his or her head toward the touch. D. An infant's heart rate decreases secondary to hypoxia because he or she depends heavily on the heart rate to perfuse the body.

Chapter 7, page 243, Neonates (Birth to 1 Month) and Infants (1 Month to 1 Year) The correct answer is: The neonate opens his or her arms wide, spreads his or her fingers, and seems to grasp at something after being startled.

Children of which age group are considered toddlers? Select one: A. 1-3 years B. 1 month to 1 year C. Over 6 years D. 3-6 years

Chapter 7, page 245, Toddlers (1 to 3 Years) and Preschoolers (3 to 6 Years) The correct answer is: 1-3 years

In preconventional reasoning, children: Select one: A. blame their actions on what they have observed in older children. B. act almost purely to avoid punishment and to get what they want. C. make decisions based on their conscience. D. look for approval from their peers and society.

Chapter 7, page 247, School-Age Children (6 to 12 Years) The correct answer is: act almost purely to avoid punishment and to get what they want.

A 16-year-old female complains of vaginal bleeding and abdominal cramping that began several hours ago. During your assessment interview, you should: Select one: A. recall that patients in this age group prefer not to be treated as adults. B. obtain the majority of your information from one of her parents. C. inquire about the possibility of pregnancy in private, if possible. D. avoid asking questions that she will feel uncomfortable answering.

Chapter 7, page 249, Adolescents (12 to 18 Years) The correct answer is: inquire about the possibility of pregnancy in private, if possible.

The human body should be functioning at its optimal level between the ages of: Select one: A. 19 and 25 years. B. 25 and 35 years. C. 18 and 22 years. D. 21 and 30 years.

Chapter 7, page 249, Early Adults (19 to 40 Years) The correct answer is: 19 and 25 years.

A normal systolic blood pressure for a 30-year-old is between: Select one: A. 90 and 140 mm Hg. B. 70 and 140 mm Hg. C. 80 and 120 mm Hg. D. 60 and 120 mm Hg.

Chapter 7, page 249, Early Adults (19 to 40 Years) The correct answer is: 90 and 140 mm Hg.

Physical changes that typically occur in early adults include an: Select one: A. increase in fatty tissue, which leads to weight gain. B. increase in muscle strength and reflexes. C. increase in height because of spinal disc expansion. D. increase in respiratory rate due to increased metabolism.

Chapter 7, page 249, Early Adults (19 to 40 Years) The correct answer is: increase in fatty tissue, which leads to weight gain.

The average pulse rate of persons between 19 and 60 years of age is typically: Select one: A. 70 beats/min. B. 60 beats/min. C. 90 beats/min. D. 80 beats/min.

Chapter 7, page 250, Middle Adults (41 to 60 Years) The correct answer is: 70 beats/min.