Chapter 7 social psych: Attitudes and Attitude Change

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social identity function

the way attitude contributes to connectedness by expressing important self and group identities and functions

metacognition

thoughts about thoughts or about thought processes

attitude

a mental representation that summarizes an individual's evaluation of a particular person, group, thing, action, or idea

ambivalent attitude

an attitude based on conflicting negative and positive information

ambivalent attitude

an attitude based on conflicting negative and positive information, not sure how you feel so not easily reflected, doesnt help connectedness functions because stance not clearly portrayed

persuasion heurisitic

association of a cue that is positively or negatively evaluated with the attitude object, allowing the attitude object to be evaluated quickly and without much thought

aspects of people's reactions that are important for inferring attitudes

attitude direction: whether the attitude is favorable, neutral, or unfavorable. attitude intensity: whether its moderate or extreme

implicit attitude

automatic and uncontrollable positive or negatie evaluation of an attitude object

implicit attitude

automatic and uncontrollable positive or negative evaluation of an attitude object (involuntary expression of attitude, nervous twitch)

how do we form attitudes

by comining the important, salient, and accessible information acquired from the positive and negative pieces of affect, behavioral, and cognitive information about an attitude object - information reflected in thoughts, feelings, behavior

social identity function

contributes to connectedness by helping us define ourselves because other's interpretation of us is influenced by attitudes we hold

explicit attitude

the attitudes that people explicitly express (verbal explanation of how you feel/ who you are)

cognitive information

facts people know and beliefs they have about attitude object (high incidence of lung cancer in smokers)

affective information

feelings and emotions about an attitude object (nausea from smell of smoke)

how do attitude researchers infer attitudes?

how people react to attitude objects

behavioral information

knowledge about people's past, present, or future interactions w attitude object (knowing you always walk out of room when someone smokes)

what are the functions of attitudes

knowledge, instrumental, social identity, and impression management

explicit attitude

the attitude that people openly and deliberately express about an attitude object in self report or by behavior

elaboration

the generation of favorable or unfavorable reactions to the content of a persuasive appeal

attitude change

the process by which attitudes from and chang by association of positive or negative inforation with the attitude object

evaluative conditioning

the process by which positive or negative attitudes are formed or changed by association with other positively or negatively valued objects

persuasion

the process of forming, strengthening, or hanging attitudes by communication

impression management function

the way an attitude contributes to connectedness by smoothing interactions and relationships

impression management function

the way an attitude contributes to connectedness by smoothing interactions and relationships, if we put out happy attitude people get impression we are fun

instrumental function

the way an attitude contributes to mastery by guiding our approach to positive objects and our avoidance of negative objects

instrumental function

the way an attitude contributes to mastery by guiding our approach to positive objects and our avoidance of negative objects (we like choc ice cream thats a positive attitude so we go toward that)

knowledge function

the way an attitude contributes to mastery by organizing, summarizing, and simplifying experience with an attitude object (i know i like choc ice cream so i order it)

knowledge function

the way an attitude contributes to mastery by organizing, summarizing, and simplifyingexperience with an attitude object


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