Chapter 7: The Vitamins B

d. vitamin E

************Which of the fat-soluble vitamins works as an antioxidant? a. vitamin K b. vitamin A c. vitamin D d. vitamin E

Beta-carotene

***********The plant-derived precursor to vitamin A is

d. vitamin E

***********Which of the fat-soluble vitamins were originally named tocopherol? a. vitamin D b. vitamin A c. vitamin K d. vitamin E

b. muscle contraction and nerve transmission

***********Which of the following is NOT a major function of vitamin A? a. cell differentiation b. muscle contraction and nerve transmission c. reproduction and growth d. immune function

d. folate

**********To make new cells, tissues must have which vitamin? a. niacin b. thiamin c. riboflavin d. folate

a. vegetable oils

*********What is the primary food source of vitamin E for Americans? a. vegetable oils b. dairy c. green vegetables d. citrus fruits

precursors

******Compounds that when consumed are converted into active vitamins are _______________ , also called provitamins.

a. Cook vegetables at high temperatures to retain vitamin content.

The following steps will help prevent vitamin losses EXCEPT which one? a. Cook vegetables at high temperatures to retain vitamin content. b. Refrigerate most fruits and vegetables to slow down vitamin losses. c. Wash intact fruit and vegetable before cutting or peeling. d. Store milk in opaque containers.

folate

Vitamin B12 and [biotin,folate,niacin,riboflavin] help cells multiply

Smokers

should increase their intake of vitamin C because they typically have low vitamin C blood concentrations.

d. citrus fruits.

All of the following are good food sources of vitamin D EXCEPT: a. tuna. b. fortified milk. c. salmon. d. citrus fruits.

a. Overconsumption of food sources should be monitored because the vitamins can accumulate leading to toxicity.

All the following are characteristics of the water-soluble vitamins EXCEPT which one? a. Overconsumption of food sources should be monitored because the vitamins can accumulate leading to toxicity. b. Easily lost or destroyed in food preparation and processing. c. Foods that supply the water-soluble vitamins must be consumed frequently. d. Easily absorbed and excreted from the body.

b. living in the northern United States

Choose the situation that decreases the body's ability to make vitamin D. a. living in a warmer climate b. living in the northern United States c. young age d. lighter skin

d

What are the fat-soluble vitamins? a. All the B vitamins and vitamin C b. B6, B12, and vitamin C c. Vitamins A and E, thiamin, and niacin d. Vitamins A, D, E, and K

Vitamin D

When exposed to sunlight, the skin makes

d. Help blood to clot.

What is the main function of vitamin K? a. Transport protein around the body. b. Restore the integrity of the cell membrane. c. Provide energy for cells. d. Help blood to clot.

c. scurvy

Which deficiency disease is attributed to a lack of vitamin C? a. beriberi b. rickets c. scurvy d. pellagra

a

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the fat-soluble vitamins? a. Toxicities are unlikely, even when taking supplements. b. They are stored in the liver and fatty tissues. c. The fat-soluble vitamins are absorbed similarly to fat absorption. d. They are not readily excreted and tend to build up in tissues.

Intestinal bacteria

[Sunlight, Water, Intestinal bacteria, Skin] is the nonfood source that can produce vitamin K making a deficiency in humans unlikely.

Vitamin D

^^^^^^^^Vitamin A and [vitamin E, vitamin D, vitamin K, vitamin C]are fat-soluble vitamins that act like hormones.

niacin

^^^^^^^^^Large doses of [thiamin, riboflavin, vitamin, B6,niacin], a water-soluble vitamin, have been prescribed to help improve blood lipids associated with cardiovascular disease.

90; 75

^^^^^^^^^^The adult Dietary Reference Intakes (DRI) for vitamin C is [15,45,50,90] mg for men and[100,75,65,25] mg for women

b. B12

^^^^^^^^^^Which B vitamin is critical for cell replication and proper nerve functioning? a. folate b. B12 c. choline d. B6

c. cell differentiation

^^^^^^^^^^^All of the following are functions of vitamin C EXCEPT which one? a. collagen synthesis b. boosting iron absorption c. cell differentiation d. antioxidant

LIPID

^^^^^^^^^^^The nutrient needed for the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins is