Chapter 7 World War 1

Who walked off the job in Boston in what was perhaps the most famous strike of 1919?

the police force

The Triple Entente included

Britain, France, and Russia.

German submarines that attacked ships bound for Britain were called __________________ .

U-boats

What two new forms of welfare were introdused during World War i?

aerial combat and gas attacks

World War I saw the first use of _______________ in combat, first as a way to observe enemy actions and later to drop small bombs.

airplanes

In World War I, ________________ were battles in the air between aircraft with attached machine guns.

dogfights

Americans often linked radicalism with

immigrants

How did the Food Administration help to ensure troops had enough food overseas?

The Food Administration helped ensure troops had enough food overseas by encouraging victory gardens and rationing.

President Wilson called for the creation of a "general association of nations" known as the

League of Nations

The issue of Germany attacking civilian ships reached a crisis on May 7, 1915, when a submerged German submarine fired on the British passenger liner _________________ .

Lusitania

The event that touched of the first declaration of war in World War I was

the assassination of the heir to the throne of Austria-Hungary.

President Wilson declared the United States to be neutral concerning the war in Europe, but in general, American public opinion favored the ____________________ rather than the Central Powers.

Allied Powers

Why did many Americans come to fear Communists and other radicals during the Red Scare after World War I? What was the effect of the Red Scare?

Americans came to fear Communists and other radicals because they thought that Communists might seize power; a nationwide panic. Which was known as the Red Scare.

What economic and social issues caused the racial unrest in 1919? What effects did the war and the race riots have on African Americans and their struggle for civil rights?

Americans had to evict German troops from a narrow heavily forested area.

The Serbs, Bosnians, Croats, and Slovenes all lived in a region in the southeastern Europe called the ____________________ .

Balkans

In November 1917, Vladimir Lenin's Bolshevik Party seized power in Russia and established a

Communist Government

Critics of the League of Nations feared that it might supersede the power of _______________ to declare war and thus force the United States to fight in numerous foreign conflicts.

Congress

How were economic opportunities expanded for African Americans, Mexican Americans, and women during World War I?

Economic opportunities for African Americans, Mexican Americans, and women during World War I expanded through new opportunities for factory jobs leading to migration.

One of the largest strikes in American history began when steelworkers went on strike for recognition of their union, higher pay, and

shorter hours

One of the conditions of the Treaty of Versailles was the _______________ must admit its guilt in causing World War I.

Germany

Write a brief essay discussing why each of the following countries took part in World War I: Germany, Austria-Hungary, the Balkan states, France, Russia, Italy, Britain, and the United States. Synthesize these reasons and explain the main causes of World War I. What major themes emerge as to why nations go to war?

In 1914, a war between Serbia and Austria-Hungary began as the initiating result of the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand. The Allied powers, Britain, France, Russia, Italy, and the U.S., fought against the Central Powers, Germany, Austria-Hungary, Ottoman Empire, and Bulgaria. Following the assassination, Austria declared war on Serbia. A few days later, Germany declared war on Russia, then on France. The U.S. entered the war against Germany in 1917. The major theme that emerged from WW1 was President Wilson's desire to keep the world at peace through the League of Nations (which he created). He wanted countries to be able to talk their problems out and avoid going to war at all costs. His ideas were never followed through though.

By 1871 after launching a series of wars, the German Kingdom of ___________________ had united various German states into one nation.

Prussia

Which countries did Russia give up as a result of pulling out of the war and signing the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk?

Russia gave up Ukraine (it's polish and baltic territories and Finland.

What impact did the arrival of American troops have on the course of the war?

The arrival of American troops had an effect in favor of the Allies because the American troops removed German forces from Allied territory which helped the Allies win the war by making Germany weak.

What event began the chain reaction that led to World War I?

The assassination of Franz Ferdinand began a chain reaction that led to World War 1 because when Austria declared war on Serbia. The allies of both countries declared war on the allies of Austria and Serbia.

What constitutional issues were raised by the federal government's efforts to ensure public support during World War I? How did the Court deviate from a strict construction view of the First Amendment?

The federal government, limited speech basis is constituted as a "clear and present danger". The public didn't approve of this.

What were the economic effects of World War I on the United States? Be sure to include the impact on the economy prior to America's entry into the war, the effect of mobilization, and the economic changes that took place after the war ended.

The long term economic effects of WW1 was that U.S. involvement leads directly to the Great Depression and WWII. The Treaty of Versailles led to a system where the US was cashing in its wartime loans to the UK, which in turn was using the wartime reparations it received from Germany to pay off the US.

What were the major empires in Europe prior to World War I, and why did nationalism threaten the stability of Europe?

The major empires in Europe prior to World War 1 were; Britain, France, Italy, Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Russia. Nationalism had threatened the stability in Europe because it gave the citizens a sense of belongingness to their country.

Explain the significance of World War I. Why is it a turning point in history?

WW1 was the first truly global war because it affected people all over the world and was the biggest war anyone had ever known. It even came to be known as 'the war to end all wars', as no conflict before WW1 had caused destruction on such a scale before. It changed the economic balance of the world, leaving European countries deep in debt and making the U.S. a leading industrial power and creditor in the world.

Discuss the major issues of the neutrality debate that began in the United States after the start of World War I. What were the major issues being debated? Explain why Americans were divided in their opinions and identify people and groups on different sides of the issue.

When war broke out in Europe in 1914 President Wilson declared that the United States would follow a strict policy of neutrality. By the time President Wilson declared war on Germany on April 6, 1917, many Americans had reversed their position on neutrality and instead supported American intervention in order to-as Wilson phrases it "make the world safe for democracy".

After the war, people raced to buy goods that had been rationed, while businesses rapidly rasied prices they had been forced to keep low during the war. This resulted in rapid deflation.

false

President Wilson's plan foe peace was known as the ________________ Points and was based on "the principle of justice to all peoples and nationalities."

fourteen

What was used to defend soldiers against the use of mustard gas and chlorine bombs during World War I?

gas masks

According to the Zimmerman telegram, if Mexico allied with Germany, Germany would

help Mexico regain territory in Texas, New Mexico, and Arizona.

One reason for the tension between the European powers was their intense pride in their homelands, called

nationalism.

. In April 1915, the Germans first used _______________

poison

In addition to the soldiers returning from Europe who needed to find employment, many African Americans who had moved north were competing for jobs and housing, which resulted in

race riots