Chapter 8

What chromosomes belong to a normal human male? a) 44 autosomes, one X chromosome, and one Y chromosome b) 22 autosomes and two Y chromosomes c) 44 autosomes and two Y chromosomes d) 46 autosomes, one X chromosome, and one Y chromosome

a) 44 autosomes, one X chromosome, and one Y chromosome

Chromatin consists of ______. a) DNA and protein b) protein only c) RNA and protein d) DNA only

a) DNA and protein

Sexual intercourse in humans ______. a) allows a haploid sperm cell to fertilize a haploid egg cell b) produces an individual with 23 chromosomes c) produces a haploid individual d) combines two diploid gametes, producing a zygote

a) allows a haploid sperm cell to fertilize a haploid egg cell

Which of the following is a characteristic seen in prophase I that does not occur in prophase II? a) crossing over occurs b) spindle formation occurs c) chromosomes move to the middle of the cell d) chromosomes have been duplicated

a) crossing over occurs

During metaphase I, _______. a) homologous chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell b) crossing over occurs c) the nuclear envelope breaks up d) sister chromatids separate and migrate to opposite poles

a) homologous chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell

Which of the following is the best description of the events of anaphase I? a) homologous chromosomes randomly separate and migrate to opposite poles. b) sister chromatids separate and the daughter chromosomes migrate to opposite poles c) all of the chromosomes inherited from the mother go to one pole of the cell, and all of the chromosomes inherited from the father go to the other pole. d) half of the chromosomes inherited from the mother go to one pole along with half of the chromosomes inherited from the father.

a) homologous chromosomes randomly separate and migrate to opposite poles.

A duplicated chromosome consists of two ______. a) sister chromatids b) centromeres c) centrosomes d) genomes

a) sister chromatids

Cytokinesis typically begins during the ______ stage of mitosis. a) telophase b) metaphase c) anaphase d) prophase

a) telophase

What is the difference between a benign and a malignant tumor? a) benign tumors do not form lumps; malignant tumors do form lumps b) benign tumors do not metastasize; malignant tumors do c) benign tumors are not the result of a failure of a cell cycle control system; malignant tumors are d) benign tumors are composed of cancer cells; malignant tumors are not

b) benign tumors do not metastasize; malignant tumors do

Which of the following occurs during interphase? a) chromatin becomes tightly coiled b) chromosome duplication c) sister chromatids separate d) the mitotic spindle that forms

b) chromosome duplication

How much genetic material is present in a cell during prophase I compared to a cell that has completed meiosis II? a) one - quarter as much b) four times as much c) twice as much d) one - half as much

b) four times as much

Crossing over during prophase I results in ______. a) reciprocal translocation b) genetic recombination c) duplication d) nondisjunction

b) genetic recombination

Anaphase II is essentially the same as mitotic anaphase except that in anaphase II ______ and in mitotic anaphase ______. a) crossing over occurs... crossing over does not occur b) the cells are haploid and sister chromatids separate... the cells are diploid and sister chromatids separate c) the cells are diploid... the cells are haploid d) chromosomes line up double file in the middle of the cell... chromosomes line up single file in the middle of the cell

b) the cells are haploid and sister chromatids separate ... the cells are diploid and sister chromatids separate

Upon completion of telophase I and cytokinesis, there is(are) ______ cell(s). a) four haploid b) two haploid c) two diploid d) one diploid

b) two haploid

In meiosis, how does prophase I differ from prophase II? a) During prophase I the chromosomes coil up; the chromosomes are not coiled up during prophase II. b) During prophase I chromosomes line up single file in the middle of the cell; during prophase II the chromosomes line up in double file in the middle of the cell. c) During prophase I there is one diploid cell; during prophase II there are two haploid cells. d) In prophase I the sister chromatids are attached; in prophase II the sister chromatids are separated.

c) During prophase I there is one diploid cell; during prophase II there are two haploid cells.

Chromosomes that do not determine the sex of an individual are called ______. a) non-homologous chromosomes b) sex chromosomes c) autosomes d) homologous chromosomes

c) autosomes

Homologous chromosomes ______. a) include only the autosomes b) are a set of chromosomes that the cell received from one parent c) carry genes controlling the same inherited characteristics d) carry the same versions of all genes

c) carry genes controlling the same inherited characteristics

A ______ describes a site of crossing over. a) centromere b) synapse c) chiasma d) histone

c) chiasma

A cell that completed the cell cycle without undergoing cytokinesis would ______. a) not have completed anaphase b) have its chromosomes lined up in the middle of the cell c) have two nuclei d) have less genetic material than it started with

c) have two nuclei

Ordinary cell division produces two daughter cells that are genetically identical. This type of cell division is important for all of the following functions EXCEPT a) asexual reproduction b) growth of multicellular organism c) production of sperm and eggs. d) cell replacement

c) production of sperm and eggs.

Which of the following is a stage of mitosis? a) DNA synthesis b) cytokinesis c) telophase d) interphase

c) telophase

Genetic variation is accomplished by all but one of the following. Which is it? a) crossing over b) the events of meiosis I c) the events of meiosis II d) independent assortment

c) the events of meiosis II

How many chromosomes does an individual with Turner syndrome have? a) n + 1 b) 2n + 1 c) n - 1 d) 2n - 1

d) 2n - 1

A(n) ______ is an example of an organism that can sometimes reproduce asexually. a) mouse b) human c) cat d) Komodo dragon

d) Komodo dragon

One difference between mitosis and meiosis is ______. a) mitosis requires only one parent cell, but meiosis requires two parent cells b) mitosis produces haploid cells, but meiosis produces diploid cells c) mitosis produces more daughter cells than meiosis d) mitosis produces cells genetically identical to the parent cell, but meiosis does not

d) mitosis produces cells genetically identical to the parent cell, but meiosis does not

How many chromosomes can a gamete possess as a result of nondisjunction? a) 2n + 1 or 2n - 1 b) 2n - 1 only c) 2n + 1 or n - 1 d) n + 1 or n - 1

d) n + 1 or n - 1

The chromosomes of eukaryotic cells are found in the ______. a) nucleolus b) centriole c) Gogli apparatus d) nucleus

d) nucleus

During telophase ______. a) the nuclear envelope breaks up b) chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell c) sister chromatids separate d) the events of prophase are reversed

d) the events of prophase are reversed

The cell cycle results in the production of ______. a) two cells, each with the same amount of genetic material but with different genetic information b) four cells, each with the same amount of genetic material but with different genetic information c) four cells, each with the same amount of genetic material and the same genetic information d) two cells, each with the same amount of genetic material and the same genetic information

d) two cells, each with the same amount of genetic material and the same genetic information