Chapter 8: Coaching

Stages of the cell

1. Most of a cell's life is spent in interphase, when growth occurs. Cells that are about to divide replicate their DNA. 2. In prophase, microtubules form the mitotic spindle, and the nuclear envelope breaks up. 3. At metaphase, the mitotic spindle is fully formed and chromosomes are lined up in the center of the cell. 4. In anaphase, sister chromatids separate and become full-fledged chromosomes that move to opposite poles. 5. In telophase, chromosomes become less condensed and new nuclear envelopes form. In cytokinesis the cytoplasm divides.

Meiosis starts with a single diploid cell and produces....

4 haploid cells

The cell cycle

A) G1 Phase B) S Phase C) Interphase D) G2 Phase E) Miotic (M) phase F) Mitosis G) Cytokinesis

Homologous Chromosomes

A) Pair of homologous chromosomes B) Centromere C) Sister chromatids

Fill in the chart.

A) mitotic spindle forming B) sister chromatids centered C) chromosomes separating D) Nucleus envelopes forming E)Interrphase F) Propase G)Metaphase H) Anaphase I) telophase and cytokinesis

The sister chromatids separate and being moving toward opposite pioles of the cell during which phase of mitosis?

Anaphase

____ Reproduction is a means of creating new individuals solely by _____, the form of cell division that creates genetically identical daughter cells.

Asexual ; mitosis

A cell preparing to undergo meiosis duplicates its chromosomes during...

Interphase

The chromosomes line up in the center of the cell during which phase of mitosis?

Metaphase

The centrosomes move away from each other and the nuclear envelope breaks up during which phase of mitosis?

Prophase

During meiosis, segments of nonsister chromatids can trade places. This recombination of maternal and paternal genetic material is a key feature of meiosis. During what phase of meiosis does recombination occur?

Prophase I

The correct order of events during meiosis is...

Prophase I, metaphase I , anaphase I, telophase I, cytokinesis and meiosis II.

____ reproduction in contrast, generates genetically unique offspring. To accomplish this, an organism must produce ____ - the sperm and egg- through the process of ____. The cells produced this way will be ____, meaning they contain a single set of chromosomes. Such cells are produced only in the ____.

Sexual ; gametes ; meiosis ; haploid ; gonads

The chromosomes arrive at the poles and nuclear envelopes form during which phase of mitosis?

Telophase

What must happen before a cell can begin mitosis?

The chromosomes must be duplicated.

At the end of the mitotic (M) phase, the cytoplasm divides in a process called...

cytokinesis.

During ____ of meiosis, homologous chromosomes stick together in pairs.

prophase I