Chapter 8 Management

Job analysis

a tool for determining what is done on a given job and what should be done on that job

needs assessment

an analysis identifying the jobs, people, and departments for which training is necessary

union shop

an organization with a union and a union security clause specifying that workers must join the union after a set period of time

performance appraisal

assessment of an employee's job performance

assessment center

consists of 10 to 12 candidates who participate in a variety of exercises or situations

cafeteria benefit program

employees are given credits which they spend by selecting individualized packages of benefits, including medical and dental insurance, dependent care, life insurance, and so on

orientation training

familiarizes new employees with their jobs, work units, and the organization in general

360 degree appraisal

feedback is obtained from subordinates, peers, and superiors, every level involved with the employee

human resources management

focuses on activities that attract, develop, and motivate people at work

diversity training

focuses on building awareness of diversity issues and providing skills employees need to work with others who are different from them

management by objectives

involves a subordinate and a supervisor agreeing in advance on specific performance goals

development

involves teaching managers and professional employees broader skills needed for their present and future jobs

right to work

legislation that allows employees to work without having to join a union

training

refers to teaching lower level employees how to perform their present jobs

reliability

refers to the consistency of test scores over time and across alternative measurements

criterion related validity

refers to the degree to which a test actually predicts or correlates with job performance

team training

teaches employees the skills they need to work together and helps them interact

employment at will

the concept that if the employee may quit at any time, the employer is free to dismiss at any time

validity

the degree to which a selection test predicts or correlates with job performance

content related validity

the degree to which selection tests measure a representative sample of the knowledge, skills, and abilities required for the job

recruitment

the development of a pool of applicants for jobs in an organization

structured interview

the interviewer conducts the same interview with each application

termination interview

the manager discusses the company's termination decision with the employee

outplacement

the process of helping people who have been dismissed from the company to regain employment elsewhere

labor relations

the system of relations between workers and management

arbitration

the use of a neutral third party, typically jointly selected, to resolve a dispute

adverse impact

when a seemingly neutral employment practice has a disproportionately negative effect on a group protected by the Civil Rights Act

comparable worth

women who perform different jobs of equal worth as those performed by men should be paid the same wage