Chapter 8 Nutrition

A student asks the school nurse what the recommended daily allowance for sodium is. What should the school nurse reply? 1800 mg/day 1200 mg/day 2400 mg/day 600 mg/day

2400 mg/day

A group of students is reviewing information about general indicators for nutritional status. The students demonstrate a need for additional review when they identify which of the following as an indicator for good nutritional status? Elastic skin Pink mucous membranes Flat firm abdomen Brittle hair

Brittle hair

The nurse should perform which priority assessment on a client with a history of a high hydrogenated fat intake? Cardiac Musculoskeletal Respiratory Skin

Cardiac

A nurse is providing nutritional instruction to a client with cardiovascular disease. The nurse mentions a nutrient that is a necessary component of bile salts (which aid in digestion), serves as an essential element in all cell membranes, is found in brain and nerve tissue, and is essential for the production of several hormones such as estrogen, testosterone, and cortisone. The nurse warns the client, however, that this nutrient when consumed in excess can lead to heart attacks and strokes. To which of the following nutrients is the nurse referring? Saturated fat Cholesterol Protein Unsaturated fat

Cholesterol

A nurse at a long-term care facility is completing the nutrition assessment of a man who has just moved to the facility. After determining the client's venous filling and emptying each take approximately 10 seconds, the nurse would perform further assessments related to what health problem? Third spacing Malnutrition Fluid volume deficit Ascites

Fluid volume deficit

What is the most common indication of nutritional status in infants and children? Growth Number of wet diapers/day Appetite Sleep pattern

Growth

When teaching a nutrition class, what would you recommend for adults older than the age of 50? Increase foods rich in vitamin B12 and calcium Increase foods rich in vitamin B6 and vitamin D Increase foods rich in vitamin B6 and saturated fats Increase foods rich in vitamin E and folic acid

Increase foods rich in vitamin B12 and calcium

A nurse is assessing a client's skeletal muscle mass in the context of a comprehensive nutritional assessment. Which measurement would yield the most valid and reliable data? Triceps skin fold measurement Waist circumference Mid-arm circumference Body mass index

Mid-arm circumference

How can a nurse best assess a client's dietary habits? Ask about how much food is eaten at an average meal Obtain a height and weight and calculate a body mass index (BMI) Obtain a 24 hour dietary recall of all foods and fluids consumed Assess for the presence of any chronic disease processes

Obtain a 24 hour dietary recall of all foods and fluids consumed Explanation: The nurse can best assess dietary habits by asking the client about an average daily intake of food and fluids, where and when food is consumed, and if there are any conditions or diseases that may affect intake or absorption of nutrients. A height and weight may not accurately reflect dietary intake. One meal will not provide the best assessment of overall dietary habits.

Higher sodium intake is associated with all of the following except: Stroke and kidney disease Hypertension Osteomalacia Heart failure

Osteomalacia (softening of the bones, typically through a deficiency of vitamin D or calcium)

What precaution should the nurse take when measuring a client's abdominal girth to screen for cardiovascular risk factors? Ensure that the client has had a full meal before measuring the abdomen Place the tape measure behind the client and measure at the umbilicus Inform the client that the pen mark on the abdomen should not be washed off Ask the client to be seated and relaxed when taking the measurement

Place the tape measure behind the client and measure at the umbilicus

A client has just had abdominal surgery and the nurse is consulting with the client about his diet now that he is allowed to eat. Which nutrient is most important for wound healing? Fats Protein Vitamins Carbohydrates

Protein Explanation:Complete proteins contain sufficient amounts of the essential amino acids to maintain body tissues and to promote growth.

A nurse recognizes that which of these are possible health risks for a client who is obese? Select all that apply. Sleep apnea Diabetes Cirrhosis Anorexia Hypertension

Sleep apnea Diabetes Hypertension

A group of students is reviewing information about general assessment indicators of nutritional status. The students demonstrate a need for additional review when they identify which of the following as an indicator of adequate nutritional status? Pink mucous membranes Thinning, dry hair Flat, firm abdomen Elastic skin

Thinning, dry hair

The nurse might expect the client admitted with dehydration to have tachycardia. False True

True

A nurse is teaching a class on diet and nutrition to a group of mothers who are breast-feeding their infants. What would the nurse tell the group is the emphasis of nutritional guidelines? Increased intake of meats Weight loss Variety Decreased intake of grains

Variety