Chapter 8 Political Parties
The second party system lasted from ______ until 1860
1828
Which of the following presidents did not preside during the Era of Good Feelings?
Andrew Jackson
which of the following are three ways that political parties can foster more effective government
By acting as training grounds for political newcomers, by acting as a check on elected officials, by acting as a condo for cooperation in coalition building
What political party was dominant during the fifth party system?
Democratic Party
which of the following describe what political parties do
Encourage civic engagement and citizen participation, Foster cooperation and coalitions among divided interests and factions, Give voters a civic opportunity to "check" elected officials, Foster effective government
Prior to 1944, political parties often
Excluded minority groups for participating
True or false: Parties were created because our Constitution said they must be
False
set up today's in in forecaster 20s can be traced back to which of the following events
Great depression
Why was the establishment of the Jacksonian Democratic Party significant?
It was the first time average people were mobilized into a base of support for a political party
Franklin D. Roosevelt's push for a broad program in which the government would bear the responsibility of providing a safety net to help the weakest members of society was known as the
New Deal
In general, how did party machines affect the level of political participation among new immigrants?
New immigrants' participation increased.
What makes the United States different from many other democratic countries?
Other countries often have more than two competitive parties
Which party is known as the party of Lincoln?
Republican
Between 1968 and 2008, which political party was more likely to win the presidency?
Republican Party
Which political party was dominant during the fourth party system?
Republican Party
After Wilson's two terms, the
Republicans retained control of the presidency
The republican party has advocated for a
Smaller government that performs social welfare functions
Which of the following voting blocs were considered part of the New Deal coalition
Southern Democrats immigrants Catholics African Americans
which political party committee level serves as an intermediary between the county committee and the national committee
State Committee
which of the following is the most recent example of the Democratic Party's belief in expanding the role of government safety net?
The affordable care act
party organization
The formal party apparatus, including committees, party leaders, conventions, and workers
The most important components of a party organization can be found in the broad base of support at
The local or county level
Who highlights all objections to policies and priorities of the government in power?
The losing party's national chair
In local government, who usually has the privilege of supporting more favorable appointees of their choice
The majority party
Which of the following is at the top of the parties organization's formal apparatus?
The national committee
How did party machines, such as Tammany Hall, impact American politics?
They integrated immigrants into the social, economic, and political fabric of the United States. They awarded jobs to citizens as a reward for their loyalty to the party.
How did many of our founding fathers in American history view the possible existence of political parties?
They viewed political parties with suspicion.
True or false: The situation of truncated government helped the Republican Party shut down the federal government in the fall of 2013
True
True or false: and emphasis on reflecting the present diversity of the American electorate contributes to a political party's health
True
True or false: voters who did not formally select a party affiliation are considered independents
True
Which party formed in the 1830s to compete against the Jacksonian Democrats?
Whig Party
According to some observers the failure to gain the support of what key constituency in the 2016 presidential campaign signaled dissatisfaction with Clinton and the Demarcus party in general?
White voters without a college degree
Which president was elected as a candidate of the Whig Party
William Henry Harrison
what are roles of a political party at the national level
adopting a party platform, selecting ahead of national party committee, conducting national party conventions, determining the parties nominee for president
party in the electorate
all the individuals who identify with or tend to support a particular party
Which of the following best describes the voting electorate after the expansion of voting rights during the Jacksonian era?
all white males
most if not all elected officials in the United States
are elected to office under a party identification
Compared to interest groups, political parties
are focused on many issues, desire to hold elected office
Which of the following did the Democratic Party have to overcome to remain competitive in American politics during the party's history
assassination of party leaders internal divisions on civil rights issues Republicans winning all but five presidential elections since 1968
Where do many people first identify with the two major parties
at home
compared to their historical predecessors, political parties today have
become less popular
President Trump's this disparaging remarks about various groups was viewed as a rejection of the
big tent principal
which of the following describes a strategy that is often employed by political parties to broaden their base of support?
big tent principle
what is the current status of political parties in the United States?
both political parties are struggling to win the approval of the American people
The influence of the two-party system on civic engagement in the United States has been
both positive and negative
pursuant to the responsible party model, voters
can readily anticipate how I candidate will fill on a given set of issues if elected
Which of the following do political scientists use as evidence that the United States has entered a post-partisan era?
candidate committees ticket splitting dealignment
Which of the following factors have contributed to the weakening of party organizations?
candidate-centered campaigns primary elections
Since 1968, there has been a rise in the number of _______ committees in which organizations form to support the individual candidate rather than the party's slate of candidates.
candidates
How do you elect Torio "checks" on elected officials work?
checks are intended to enable voters to hold party members responsible for their policy choices
since the 1980s which group has voted most strongly for the republican party
conservative Christians
During election season, county and local parties perform which of the following activities?
coordinating campaign mailings supervising door-knocking campaigns registering voters
The foot soldiers of the political parties are the _________ committees
county
The increased partisan extremes of members of Congress are most directly result of the
creation of congressional districts dominated by one party
The prevalence of candidate committees tends to ______ the role of political parties.
decrease
Which political party has been known Moore for his advancement to civil liberties issues and expansion of social welfare programs
democratic party
Some of the founding fathers distrusted political parties because they believed that political parties
discouraged independence in thought and action. encouraged the pursuit of self-serving interests. exacerbated conflict instead of building consensus
The situation in which one party controls both chambers of Congress while the presidency is controlled by the other party is known as ________ government
divided
In a winner-take-all electoral system, the winning candidate
does not necessarily need to win the majority of the popular vote
The nature of most political or policy conflicts in the United States are most likely considered to be
dualist
As president, Woodrow Wilson
enacted many of the Republican Party's progressive proposals.
President Franklin D Roosevelt sought to _______ The role of government to help the most vulnerable in society
expand
republicans are more likely to see which of the following issues as a central problem in the United States
federal budget deficit
A volunteer activity that involves direct contact with voters or potential voters is called
grassroots organizing
Despite his distaste for the idea of political parties, George Washington began to utilize such organizations because
he recognized that he needed legislators to help push his initiatives through Congress
what do political parties do in the United States?
identify potential candidates, nominate candidates, organize elections, campaign for candidates
as compared to the past, Democrats and Republicans are more
ideological divided
Political parties began to emerge in the United States
in spite of many of the founding fathers' mistrust of them
which of the following has been a factor in the training dissatisfaction with the republican party since 2001
increased factionalization within the party ranks
The Jacksonian Democrats did which of the following?
increased the importance of the party convention, changed the mechanism for selecting presidential electors, extended voting rights to all white males
Candidate-centered campaigns are campaigns in which the focus is on ______ seeking election rather than the entire party.
individuals
which of the following demographic groups traditionally tend to spit their support between the two parties
individuals with a college degree, the middle class
To whom did Republican candidate William McKinley appeal in his campaign for the presidency?
industrialists factory workers bankers
which of the following is true of the use of soft money by state parties for party building activities that was the result of the Supreme Court case of Buckley v Valeo
it was eliminated by congressional legislation in 2002
identifiers of both parties generally agree with the government should pay a major role in which the following
keeping the country safe in terrorism, responding to natural disasters, managing the immigration system
The corrupt and useful organization that dominated politics during the turn of the twentieth century was known as a political or party ___________.
machine
Parties that hold the ____ of seats in the state's legislature are more likely to have success with their proposed legislation.
majority
The party to which more than 50% of the elected legislators belong is known as the _________ party; the party to which less than 50 percent of the legislators belong is known as the ________ party.
majority, minority
which of the following is not likely to be considered a part of the republican party base today
minorities
Parties that are in the ______ in a state's legislature are less likely to have success with their proposed legislation.
minority
The tea party movement has contributed to the Republican Party becoming
more conservative
compared with political parties, interest groups usually have________ issue concerns
narrower
political party activists determine their parties nominee for the presidents at a(n) ____________ convention
national
Who becomes the official spokesman for the loyal opposition
national (party) chair
George Washington generally ______ the idea of political parties in government.
opposed
Thomas Jefferson differed from Alexander Hamilton in that Jefferson ______ a strong central government.
opposed
In 2016, Donald Trump succeeded in winning over which traditionally democratic constituency?
people with no college education
delegates at the convention develop a party ___________ that describes the parties policy priorities and positions on issues
platform
formal statement of the parties principles and policy objectives are known as the party's _____
platform
political parties partake in activities that are primarily intended to
promote democracy
Which of the following electoral reforms were enacted by Woodrow Wilson's Democratic administration?
recorded voter registration direct primary secret ballot laws
What constitute unseeded President Trump add to the Republican Party base in 2016
rural voters without a college degree
The national committee of A political party exists ______ it's counterparts at the state and local levels
separate form
The tea party movement believes that the main goal of the modern Republican Party should be
smaller government
in the case of Buckley V Jaleo, the supreme court enabled political parties to raise unlimited funds for party building activities, creating what is known as the ___________ money loophole
soft
Which of the following formed the base of Whig Party?
southern plantation owners northern industrialists
The tendency for voters to support some candidates from each party is known as ticket
splitting
Which of the following refers to the practice of rewarding political supporters with jobs in government?
spoils system
The number and competitiveness of political parties in a given polity is known as a party __________
system
which of the following is demonstrated of the recent difficulties in the Democratic Party has had in defining itself?
the formidable opposition to Hillary Clinton's candidacy by Bernie Sanders and his followers
In Congress, which party essentially runs the legislative branch?
the majorty party
Political scientists argue that which of the following have usurped the traditional role of political parties?
the media candidate-centered campaigns interest groups
Which of the following is at the top of the parties organizing formal apparatus
the national committee
Political scientists studying American political parties have theorized that which of the following factors have contributed to party decline?
the utilization of primary elections government replacing parties in providing social welfare benefits the elimination of political patronage
Which of these are explanations for the two-party domination in U.S. politics?
the winner-take-all electoral system continued socialization into a two-party system the dualist nature of most conflicts
which of these are among the key characteristics of political parties?
they seek to run candidates for office, they are focused on many issues
Which of the following people tend to be most discouraged from political participation due to the dominance of just two political parties?
those with extreme ideological positions
Which of the following has led to the rise in candidate-centered campaigns?
trends in mass media Supreme Court jurisprudence the advent of direct primaries
True or false: despite their calls for smaller government, the Republican platform calls for a stronger governmental role in the regulation of traditional moral values
true
A(n) _______________ government is one in which one chamber of Congress is controlled by the same party that controls the White House.
truncated
Which electoral result indicates that the American party system remains vibrant?
turnout in recent elections
U.S. politics has historically been dominated by ______ parties.
two
The U.S. government functions as a(n) ______ system.
two-party
What has the dualist nature of politics in the United States led to?
two-party system
Most political conflicts in the United States are considered
two-sided
political parties that effectively contest and win elections are known as ____________ parties
viable
which of the following describe a party's platform?
The party's stance on a wide variety of issues, the parties political objectives
The republican party generally supports
a larger role for state governments
In hindsight, political scientists are seeking to determine whether
a new party system arose with the election of Richard Nixon
One of the best channels through which citizens can voice general issues that concern them politically is through participation in
political parties
A permanent shift in party allegiances or electoral support is known as a party
realignment
The fifth party system lasted between 1932 and
1968
FaceTime pulling a party identifiers, Democrats generally believe in
A large and active federal government
based on pulling a party identifiers, Democrats generally believe in
A large and active federal government
An individual who considers himself or herself to be a member of one party or the other is referred to as
A party identifier
What did speaker Tip O'Neill mean when he said "all politics is local"
Political parties are organized just as much, if not more, at the county and local level that it is at the national level
In a proportional representation system, which of the following is true?
Political parties win a number of seats in the legislature in rough proportion to the percentage of the vote each party receives.
What arguments have political scientists made about the two-party system in the United States?
The media have replaced the parties as a source of information for many Americans. The two-party system is facing a historic decline in its overall influence in American politics.
party in government
The partisan serving as elected leaders in local, county, state, and federal government
what are the three different spheres or "faces" of the political parties
The party in government, the party organization, the party in the electorate
Who was the populist Democratic nominee for the 1896 presidential election?
William Jennings Bryan
with increased polarization, politicians have little incentive to
Work with the opposing party, behave civilly, compromise, moderate their views
Which of the following is a main argument for scholars who argue that the two main U.S. political parties are once again rebounding?
a lack of viable alternatives to the two-party system
The media have ______ the need for political parties as providers of news.
drastically decreased
In countries with proportional representation, forming coalitions among many political parties is
encouraged
The party in the electorate is compromised of
party identifiers
Who are the players in the three faces of party operation
party workers, party identifiers, elected officials
organizations that nominate and seek to elect candidates to office are known as
political parties
A philosophy supporting the rights and empowerment of the masses is known as
populism
what are the major political parties in the United States
Democratic Party, Republican Party
which of the following groups are generally not considered likely to identify as Republican?
Liberals
Which party usually has the advantage in endorsing proposed legislation?
The majority party
in Congress, which party essentially runs the legislative branch
The majority party
checks are more likely to be placed by voters on elected officials when policies supported by an elected officials prove to be
Unpopular with voters
Which of the following to county committee's consist of
Ward committees, precinct committees, municipal committees
factors that influence which party in individual identify with include
Key issues, race, religion
The characteristics of the new party system include which of the following traits?
divided government, intense party competition
interest groups focus on advancing policies, while political parties focus on
winning elections
during the 2016 election, President Trump attracted a new base of support for the Republican Party among
working-class white voters in the union-industrial areas
what key democratic constituency strongly backed to the candidacy of Bernie Sanders in the 2016 democratic presidential primaries
young Americans