chapter 8 test

Based on the above map, list the main industries that drove economic development in Detroit, Dallas, and Los Angeles.

The auto industry, the oil industry and the movie industry stimulated economic development in these three major cities.

Which amendment repealed Prohibition? a. Twenty-first Amendment b. Twenty-second Amendment c. Eighteenth Amendment d. Nineteenth Amendment

a. Twenty-first Amendment

Representatives of eight countries gathered at the Washington Conference in 1921 to discuss a. disarmament. b. the League of Nations. c. reparations. d. economic aid to Europe.

a. disarmament.

Who founded the Universal Negro Improvement Association? a. Paul Robeson b. Langston Hughes c. Duke Ellington d. Marcus Garvey

d. Marcus Garvey

Calvin Coolidge took office during the height of progressivism.

fale

Many people viewed the Sacco and Vanzetti case as an example of prejudice against people based on their ethnic origin and beliefs.

true

Analyze the bar graph of U.S. immigration statistics that are the result of the National Origins Act of 1924, and describe the effect this law had on immigration to America from various regions in Europe.

Based on the bar graph, the United States would accept the most new immigrants from Britain and the fewest from Serbia. The law set quotas at 2 percent of each national group already residing in the United States in 1890. Although the law seemed to limit immigrants from all countries, it actually favored immigrants from regions already heavily represented in the United States. Because more immigrants from northwestern European countries lived in the United States as of the 1890 census, a larger portion of the quota would go to new immigrants from this region than from southern or eastern Europe.

The ____________________ trial tested a state law that banned the teaching of evolution.

Scopes

In the 1920s, a new law made it a crime to manufacture, transport, or sell alcohol. Why did supporters want this law? How did Americans react to the law?

Supporters of Prohibition believed that it would help reduce unemployment, domestic violence, and poverty. However, after the law took effect, Americans persisted in blatantly ignoring it. People flocked to secret bars called speakeasies where they could buy alcohol. Organized crime specialized in supplying and often running these speakeasies, which popped up all over the country.

Explain the trend in farm wages during the 1920s as shown in the graph.

Technological advances helped farmers gain greater yields. Since there was no similar increase in demand, however, prices for farm products and incomes from farming dropped. Thus, wages paid to farmworkers were lower.

What does this cartoon say about the reason behind the scandals and corruption of the Harding administration? Did any aspects of the Harding administration contribute to the scandals?

The cartoon shows that Washington, D.C., is being sold to the highest bidder. The cartoonist suggests that the scandal is linked to financial gain. The Harding administration may have been particularly ripe for corruption because Harding rewarded people who had supported him with positions of power. Many of these men were businessmen with little experience in politics or government.

Compare the personalities of Calvin Coolidge and Warren G. Harding.

The contrast between Harding and Coolidge could not have been greater. Harding had enjoyed the easy conversation and company of old friends. He drank, smoked, and played poker in the White House with his friends. Coolidge, joked a critic, could be "silent in five languages." "Silent Cal" had a simple and frugal manner.

What geographic movement is indicated by the map? Describe the effect of this movement on Northern cities.

The map shows the movement of African Americans in the Great Migration, which transformed the political, economic, and cultural life of Northern cities.

How did Marcus Garvey's Negro Nationalism differ from the views of W.E.B. DuBois and Booker T. Washington? a. Garvey advocated separation and independence from whites rather than integration. b. Garvey wanted African Americans to legally challenge "separate but equal" in federal courts. c. Garvey was concerned with protecting and exercising voting rights. d. Garvey advocated achieving economic goals before focusing on civil rights.

a. Garvey advocated separation and independence from whites rather than integration.

African American arts flourished in the 1920s in what became known as the a. Harlem Renaissance. b. Great Transformation. c. Great Awakening. d. South Side Renaissance.

a. Harlem Renaissance.

What effect did the automobile industry of the 1920s have on American society? a. People could live farther from their places of work. b. The mail delivery system expanded across the country. c. People moved from the suburbs to the city. d. Workers did not commute any more.

a. People could live farther from their places of work.

One of the NAACP's greatest political triumphs occurred in 1930 with the defeat of Judge John J. Parker's nomination to the a. U.S. Supreme Court. b. House of Representatives. c. Senate. d. Circuit Court.

a. U.S. Supreme Court.

During the 1920s, which African American group advocated separation and independence from whites? a. Universal Negro Improvement Association (UNIA) b. Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) c. National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) d. Congress of Racial Equality (CORE)

a. Universal Negro Improvement Association (UNIA)

Calvin Coolidge became president when a. Warren G. Harding died in office. b. he defeated Warren G. Harding. c. Warren G. Harding was assassinated. d. he defeated Robert La Follette.

a. Warren G. Harding died in office.

Which of the following had become an accepted part of American life by the 1920s? a. automobiles b. televisions c. computers d. bathtubs

a. automobiles

Why did Ku Klux Klan membership decline in the late 1920s? a. nativists' fears were dampened by new restrictions on immigration b. the Supreme Court declared the Klan's activities unconstitutional c. increased immigration from Europe softened nativists' attitudes d. new anti-lynching laws were strictly enforced

a. nativists' fears were dampened by new restrictions on immigration

President Harding fit in comfortably with the powerful Ohio Republican a. political machine. b. progressive ideas. c. reform issues. d. House of Representatives.

a. political machine.

The Scopes trial tested a law that banned the a. teaching of evolution. b. sale of liquor. c. teaching of creationism. d. Ku Klux Klan.

a. teaching of evolution.

What baseball player also became a national hero? a. Bill Tilden b. Babe Ruth c. Red Grange d. Jack Dempsey

b. Babe Ruth

Which of the following statements about Andrew Mellon is true? a. He increased government spending. b. He believed in applying business principles to government. c. He advocated an increase in income tax rates. d. He was the secretary of the treasury under Wilson.

b. He believed in applying business principles to government.

According to the chart, what trend did the U.S. government set for immigration in the early 1900s. a. Immigration was opened to many minorities. b. Immigration became more and more restricted. c. Immigration restrictions were eased over time. d. Immigration restrictions were temporary.

b. Immigration became more and more restricted.

According to the chart, what restriction did the Emergency Quota Act place on immigrants? a. Up to 150,000 but no more than 3 percent of immigrants could be Hispanic. b. Only 3 percent of any ethnic group's current population could be admitted each year. c. Only 3 percent of total immigrant population could be admitted each year. d. Only temporary visas would be granted to 3 percent of the total immigrant population.

b. Only 3 percent of any ethnic group's current population could be admitted each year.

How did the Dawes Plan try to promote peace? a. It proposed a treaty to outlaw war. b. The plan allowed U.S. banks to loan money to Germany so it could pay reparations. c. The plan set limits on the construction of new warships and required the Japanese navy to be smaller than those of the United States and Great Britain. d. It increased tariffs on imports from Germany to pay reparations to France and Great Britain.

b. The plan allowed U.S. banks to loan money to Germany so it could pay reparations.

Why are amateur listeners less fortunate than skilled listeners? a. Their radios cannot receive signals from most radio stations. b. They typically do not listen to more than six radio stations. c. They get confused by the many radio stations available. d. There are only a few radio stations on the air.

b. They typically do not listen to more than six radio stations.

Which of the following best describes the writer's view of Greenwich Village? a. a place with a formal atmosphere b. a place where you will see unusual people c. a place filled with immigrants d. a place of elegant people and buildings

b. a place where you will see unusual people

What was a major development in popular culture during the 1920s? a. a declining interest in sports and sports heroes b. a strong interest in Hollywood and "talking" pictures c. a preference for watching television over listening to the radio d. an increase in regional interests and a decline in mass media

b. a strong interest in Hollywood and "talking" pictures

Approximately how much did Ford spend in advertising per car sold? a. about 16 cents per car b. about 2 cents per car c. about $1.80 per car d. about 18 cents per car

b. about 2 cents per car

In the Teapot Dome scandal, Albert B. Fall received bribes for a. allowing private interests to drill for oil in a national park. b. allowing private interests to lease lands containing U.S. Navy oil reserves. c. promising immunity to businesses who overcharged the U.S. Navy. d. preventing federal prosecution of a member of the Ohio Gang.

b. allowing private interests to lease lands containing U.S. Navy oil reserves.

Most Americans of the 1920s wanted to avoid future wars by a. forbidding Germany to rebuild its armed forces. b. avoiding involvement in world affairs. c. dividing Germany among the Allies. d. banning Japan from the League of Nations.

b. avoiding involvement in world affairs.

Which of these is an example of the 1920s rise of nativist ideas? a. the formation of a Catholic Boys Club by William J. Simmons b. blaming new European immigrants for the country's problems c. the popularity of Sigmund Freud's psychological theories d. the strong support for Sacco and Vanzetti

b. blaming new European immigrants for the country's problems

President Coolidge's philosophy of government was that government should interfere with business and industry as little as possible and that prosperity rested on a. a strong military. b. business leadership. c. church leaders. d. educational institutions.

b. business leadership.

The Emergency Quota Act admitted immigrants to the United States based on a. wealth. b. ethnic identity and national origin. c. sponsorship by an American citizen. d. job skills.

b. ethnic identity and national origin.

An unintended effect of the Fordney-McCumber Act (1922) was that a. farmers could no longer sell their crops in the American market. b. farmers could no longer sell their crops to overseas markets. c. demand for American farm products increased in Latin America. d. demand for American farm products increased overseas.

b. farmers could no longer sell their crops to overseas markets.

Henry Ford's business philosophy was to increase sales by a. advertising. b. lowering the cost per car. c. constantly improving his cars' mechanical reliability. d. providing consumers with a variety of styles and colors.

b. lowering the cost per car.

What, according to the excerpt, would someone probably have to do to be conspicuous in Greenwich Village? a. wear overalls b. shoot someone else c. walk a cat on a ribbon d. split kindling

b. shoot someone else

The Scopes trial was about a. enforcing Prohibition. b. teaching evolution. c. curbing the Ku Klux Klan. d. controlling immigration.

b. teaching evolution.

Claude McKay, Langston Hughes, and the Cotton Club were all part of the a. South Side Renaissance. b. Black Nationalist Movement. c. Harlem Renaissance. d. Great Awakening.

c. Harlem Renaissance.

The National Origins Act of 1924 and the demand for cheap labor in the agricultural, mining, and railroad industries contributed to the large wave of immigration from a. Europe. b. Canada. c. Mexico. d. South America.

c. Mexico.

Why was Harding's appointment of Andrew Mellon as secretary of the treasury important at this time? a. The nation had been without a secretary of the treasury for four years. b. The Constitution demanded that cabinet members be of the highest caliber. c. The nation faced a large, postwar national debt. d. It was an election pledge that Harding was determined to honor.

c. The nation faced a large, postwar national debt.

One of the NAACP's greatest political triumphs occurred in 1930 with the a. appointment of an African American to the Supreme Court. b. signing of a law ending segregation in public schools. c. defeat of an allegedly racist judge nominated for the Supreme Court. d. signing of a law banning discrimination in federal jobs.

c. defeat of an allegedly racist judge nominated for the Supreme Court.

The excerpt likens Andrew Mellon to a magician for his ability to a. direct the U.S. Treasury. b. advise the president. c. make money. d. solve problems.

c. make money.

The new morality of the 1920s placed a high value on a. traditional values. b. work. c. personal freedom. d. wealth.

c. personal freedom.

According to the chart, all of the treaties dealt with what region of the world? a. South America b. Europe c. the Pacific d. the Atlantic

c. the Pacific

Which event publicly debated the subjects of evolution and creationism and their place in education? a. the Sacco-Vanzetti case b. Billy Sunday's revivals c. the Scopes trial d. Aimee McPherson's faith healings

c. the Scopes trial

During the 1920s, unions declined in part because many corporations instituted a. sociological departments. b. reparations. c. welfare capitalism. d. cooperative individualism.

c. welfare capitalism.

Every year from 1924 to 1928, Senator Charles McNary of Oregon and Representative Gilbert Haugen of Iowa proposed the McNary-Haugen Bill, which called for the federal government to purchase surplus ____________________ and sell them abroad while protecting the American market with a high tariff.

crops

Characters who were flawed individuals but still had heroic qualities of mind and spirit were called a. "Hollow Men." b. "the lost generation." c. "Galloping Ghosts." d. "heroic antiheroes."

d. "heroic antiheroes."

In 1926 the aviation industry received federal aid for building airports with the passage of the a. Lindbergh Air Act. b. Kelly Act. c. Airmail Act. d. Air Commerce Act.

d. Air Commerce Act.

A center of creativity and freedom where many artists, writers, and intellectuals of the 1920s gathered was a. Charlestown. b. Haight-Ashbury. c. Boston. d. Greenwich Village.

d. Greenwich Village.

Although many of President Harding's appointments were disastrous, he did appoint several distinguished cabinet members including the secretary of commerce, a. John W. Davis. b. Andrew Mellon. c. Harry Daugherty. d. Herbert Hoover.

d. Herbert Hoover.

The voting power of African Americans was seen in the election of a. John J. Parker. b. Marcus Garvey. c. W.E.B. Du Bois. d. Oscar DePriest.

d. Oscar DePriest.

According to the quote, one of the reasons that Vanzetti gives for his murder conviction is a. strong evidence. b. excellent lawyers. c. an impartial jury. d. a fear of foreigners.

d. a fear of foreigners.

An innovation instituted by International Harvester in 1926 was a. an 8-hour workday. b. mass production. c. a 5-day workweek. d. an annual 2-week paid vacation.

d. an annual 2-week paid vacation.

What system of manufacturing adopted by Henry Ford divided operations into simple tasks and cut unnecessary motion to a minimum? a. construction design b. product placement c. apprentice system d. assembly line

d. assembly line

The new morality of the 1920s glorified a. traditional values. b. wealth. c. work. d. personal freedom.

d. personal freedom.

Technological advances enabled farmers to produce more in the 1920s, but higher yields without a corresponding increase in ____________________ meant that farmers received lower prices.

demand

The American Civil Liberties Union advertised for a teacher who would be willing to be arrested for teaching ____________________.

evolution

Bessie Smith was the first important writer of the Harlem Renaissance.

false

By the early 1890s, the automobile had become an accepted part of American life.

false

Free market capitalism is a system in which companies allowed workers profit sharing, medical care benefits, and pensions.

false

In the 1920s, most African American voters in the North cast their votes for Democrats, the party of Lincoln.

false

Marcus Garvey preached a message of unity with whites.

false

The Kellogg-Briand Pact was the peace treaty that ended World War I.

false

The Versailles Treaty that ended World War I attempted to outlaw war.

false

The sharp increase in immigrants due to new immigration laws in the late 1920s contributed to the decline of the Ku Klux Klan.

false

Though hardly typical of American women, the ____________________, a young, unconventional woman, personified women's changing behavior in the 1920s.

flapper

By the mid-1920s, other corporations, notably General Motors and Chrysler, competed successfully with ___________________, the first carmaker to produce cars by using the assembly line.

ford

The movement of hundreds of thousands of African Americans from the rural South to industrial cities in the North was called the __________________________.

great migration

Supporters of ____________________ wanted the United States to stay out of entanglements with Europe.

isolationism

Louis Armstrong introduced an improvisational, early form of ____________________, a style of music influenced by Dixieland and ragtime.

jazz

_____________________ was a style of music influenced by Dixieland music and ragtime.

jazz

Ford's assembly-line product was the ____________________, affectionately called the "Tin Lizzie" or "Flivver."

model t

President Wilson's postmaster general had introduced the world's first regular airmail service in 1918 by hiring pilots to fly mail between Washington, D.C., and ____________________.

new york

The Eighteenth Amendment specifically granted the federal government, as well as the state governments, the power to enforce Prohibition, marking a dramatic increase in federal ____________________ powers.

police

Membership in the Ku Klux Klan declined in the late 1920s after a series of _______________ and power struggles between its leaders.

scandals

During Prohibition, people flocked to secret bars called ____________________, where they could purchase alcohol.

speakeasies

By the 1920s, the United States was the dominant economic power in the world.

true

Calvin Coolidge, who became president after the death of Warren G. Harding, easily won the presidential election of 1924.

true

Jack Dempsey, one of the sports idols of the 1920s, held the title of world heavyweight champion from 1919 until 1926, when he lost it to Gene Tunney.

true

Louis Armstrong introduced an improvisational, early form of jazz.

true

The pilot of the first solo nonstop transatlantic flight was Charles Lindbergh.

true