Chapter 9 A&P Study guide

This type of joint lacks a joint cavity and is held together by a fibrous connective tissue. 1. Fibrous joints 2. Cartilaginous joints 3. Synovial joints A) 1 only B) 2 only C) 3 only D) 1 and 2 E) All of these choices

A) 1 only

Bending the trunk forward at the intervertebral discs is an example of what type of angular movement? A) Flexion B) Extension C) Lateral flexion D) Hyperextension E) None of these choices

A) Flexion

This is a type of movement where there is a decrease in the angle between articulating bones. A) Flexion B) Extension C) Gliding D) Circumduction E) Rotation

A) Flexion

Which of the following is(are) made from dense regular connective tissue? A) Ligaments B) Articular cartilage C) Articular fat pads D) Synovial membrane E) Synovial fluid

A) Ligaments

In this type of synovial joint, a rounded or pointed surface on one bone articulates with a ring formed partly by another bone and partly by a ligament. A) Pivot joint B) Planar joint C) Hinge joint D) Ball-and-socket joint E) Saddle joint

A) Pivot joint

What type of special movement occurs in your clavicles at your acromioclavicular and sternoclavicular joints when you cross your arms in front of your body? A) Protraction B) Retraction C) Inversion D) Eversion E) Supination

A) Protraction

Which of the following diseases is characterized by sodium urate crystals being deposited in the soft tissues of joints? A) gouty arthritis B) Lyme disease C) ankylosing spondylitis D) osteoarthritis E) rheumatoid arthritis

A) gouty arthritis

Which feature goes with the knee joint? A) medial and lateral menisci B) glenoid labrum C) radial annular ligament D) zona orbicularis E) acetabular labrum

A) medial and lateral menisci

Which feature goes with the temporomandibular joint? A) sphenomandibular ligament B) glenoid labrum C) radial annular ligament D) zona orbicularis E) acetabular labrum

A) spenomandibular ligament

Which of the following results from a forceful wrenching or twisting of a joint that tears or stretches its ligaments but does not dislocate the bones? A) sprain B) strain C) subluxation D) bursitis E) compression

A) sprain

The functional joint classification that a suture joint fits into is A) synarthrosis. B) amphiarthrosis. C) diarthrosis. D) synovial. E) cartilaginous

A) synarthosis

This ligament limits hyperextension of the knee and prevents the anterior sliding of the tibia on the femur. A) Fibular collateral ligament B) Anterior cruciate ligament C) Posterior cruciate ligament D) Patellar ligament E) Arcuate popliteal ligament

B) Anterior cruciate ligament

Which of the following types of joints is also called a dentoalveolar joint? A) Syndesmosis B) Gomphosis C) Synchondrosis D) Symphysis E) Suture

B) Gomphosis

Which of the following statements is incorrect? A) The ulnar collateral ligament connects the medial epicondyle of the humerus with the coronoid process and olecranon of the ulna. B) The radial collateral ligament connects the radial notch of the ulna to the radius. C) The anular ligament of the radius encircles the radial head. D) The anular ligament of the radius holds the head of the radius in the radial notch of the ulna

B) The radial collateral ligament connects the radial notch of the ulna to the radius.

Another term for menisci is A) articular fat pads. B) articular discs. C) articular spaces. D) capsular fat pads. E) capsular discs.

B) articular discs

Disuse of a limb, like would occur when the limb is in a cast, leads to muscular atrophy and __________ of the affected joint. A) increased range of motion B) decreased range of motion C) increased fluid accumulation in bursa D) loosening of the tendons E) chronic inflammation

B) decreased range of motion

The hormone relaxin stimulates changes that lead to increased range of motion in the A) shoulder joint. B) pubic symphysis. C) temporomandibular joint D) knee joint. E) coronal suture

B) pubic symphysis

In this type of fibrous joint, the connective tissue is typically arranged either as a bundle or as a sheet. 1. Suture 2. Gomphoses 3. Syndesmoses A) 1 only B) 2 only C) 3 only D) Both 1 and 2 E) Both 2 and 3

C) 3 only

This functional class of joints contains joints that are freely movable. 1. Synarthrosis 2. Amphiarthrosis 3. Diarthrosis A) 1 only B) 2 only C) 3 only D) Both 2 and 3 E) All of these choices

C) 3 only

Which of the following is a type of fibrous joint composed of a thin layer of dense irregular fibrous connective tissue found between the bones of the skull? 1. Syndesmoses 2. Gomphosis 3. Suture A) 1 only B) 2 only C) 3 only D) Both 1 and 2 E) None of these choices

C) 3 only

Where do all the symphysis joints in the human body occur? A) Upper limbs B) Lower limbs C) Axial skeleton D) Ankles E) Knees

C) Axial Skeleton

This special movement occurs when you bend your foot at the ankle in the direction of the foot's superior surface as would occur when you stand on your heels. A) Inversion B) Eversion C) Dorsiflexion D) Plantar flexion E) Supination

C) Dorsiflexion

This type of motion results from relatively flat bone surfaces moving back and forth and from side to side with respect to one another. A) Flexion B) Extension C) Gliding D) Circumduction E) Hyperextension

C) Gliding

This ligament prevents the posterior sliding of the tibia when the knee is flexed. A) Fibular collateral ligament B) Anterior cruciate ligament C) Posterior cruciate ligament D) Patellar ligament E) Arcuate popliteal ligament

C) Posterior cruciate ligament

Flexion and extension usually occur along which plane? A) Frontal B) Transverse C) Sagittal D) Oblique E) None of these choices

C) Sagittal

A condition in which a muscle or muscle and tendon is stretched or partially torn is called A) bursitis. B) a sprain. C) a strain. D) a dislocation. E) an arthrosis.

C) a strain

Which of the following types of joints do NOT have a synovial cavity? 1. Fibrous joints 2. Cartilaginous joints 3. Synovial joints A) 1 only B) 2 only C) 3 only D) 1 and 2 E) All of these choices

D) 1 and 2

Examples of this type of movement include moving the humerus laterally at the shoulder joint. A) Lateral flexion B) Hyperextension C) Adduction D) Abduction E) Gliding

D) Abduction

Which of the following structures is NOT used to reduce friction in joints? A) Tendon sheaths B) Synovial fluid C) Bursae D) Accessory ligaments E) All of these reduce friction

D) Accessory ligaments

The joint between the first rib and the manubrium of the sternum is classified as A) a synchondrosis. B) a synarthrosis. C) a cartilaginous joint. D) All of these choices. E) None of these choices.

D) All of these choices

This type of complex movement involves a continuous sequence of flexion, abduction, extension, and adduction resulting in a distal body part moving in a circle. A) Gliding B) Lateral flexion C) Hyperextension D) Circumduction E) Elevation

D) Circumduction

Some examples of these structures include the fibular and tibial collateral ligaments of the knee joint. A) Synovial membranes B) Articular fat pads C) Menisci D) Extracapsular ligaments E) Tendon sheath

D) Extracapsular ligaments

Which of the following is NOT a common characteristic of synovial joints? A) Contain a joint cavity B) Are freely moveable C) Articulating bones are covered with hyaline cartilage D) Include elastic cartilage E) Have ligaments holding the joint together

D) Include elastic cartilage

Which of the following bones CANNOT be elevated or depressed? A) Hyoid B) Clavicle C) Ribs D) Maxilla E) Mandible

D) Maxilla

Which of the following term refers to the span, measured in degrees of a circle, through which the bones of a joint can be moved? A) Lateral flexion B) Hyperextension C) Pronation D) Range of motion E) Disuse atrophy

D) Range of motion

Which of the following is NOT a structural category of synovial joints? A) Planar B) Hinge C) Condyloid D) Suture E) Saddle

D) Suture

Based on the structural classification of joints, which of the following is a fibrous joint? A) Synchondrosis B) Synovial joint C) Symphysis D) Syndesmosis E) Diarthrosis

D) Syndesmosis

A total hip replacement involves replacing A) the acetabulum only. B) the head of the femur only. C) the patella and distal condyles of the femur. D) both the acetabulum and the head of the femur. E) one entire side of the pelvis

D) both the acetabulum and the head of the femur

In the United States, the two joints that are most commonly replaced by arthroplasty are A) shoulder and elbow. B) elbow and knee. C) shoulder and knee. D) hip and knee. E) shoulder and hip

D) hip and knee

Which of the following is a degenerative joint disease in which joint cartilage is gradually lost due to a combination of aging, obesity, wear and abrasion of the joints? A) gouty arthritis B) Lyme disease C) bursitis D) osteoarthritis E) synovitis

D) osteoarthritis

Tennis elbow, a condition in which the tendon sheaths, tendons, and synovial membranes of the elbow are inflamed, is an example of a repetitive motion condition called A) bursitis. B) ankylosing spondylitis. C) gouty arthritis. D) tenosynovitis. E) rheumatoid arthritis.

D) tenosynovitis

Articular discs 1. maintain the stability of a joint. 2. direct flow of the synovial fluid to areas of greatest friction. 3. are made of hyaline cartilage. 4. are only found in the vertebral column. A) 1 only B) 2 only C) 3 only D) 4 only E) 1 and 2

E) 1 and 2

Which of the following structures is used to reduce friction in joints? 1. Bursae 2. Synovial fluid 3. Accessory ligaments 4. Elastic fibers A) 1 only B) 2 only C) 3 only D) 4 only E) 1 and 2

E) 1 and 2

Which of the following is not considered a ìspecial movementî that occurs at only certain joints? A) Depression B) Protraction C) Elevation D) Supination E) All of these are special movements

E) All of these are special movements

Which of the following joints is classified as a synarthrosis joint in adults? 1. Gomphosis 2. Synchondrosis 3. Suture A) 1 only B) 2 only C) 3 only D) Both 1 and 3 E) All of these choices

E) All of these choices

Which of the following is NOT a factor affecting range of motion of a joint? A) Structure of articulating bones B) Tension of the muscles C) Hormones D) Disuse E) Eversion

E) Eversion

This special movement involves moving your thumb across the palm to touch the tips of the fingers on the same hand. A) Pronation B) Supination C) Eversion D) Retraction E) Opposition

E) Opposition

The epiphyseal plate in a long bone is an example of this type of joint. A) Gomphosis B) Suture C) Symphysis D) Synovial E) Synchondrosis

E) Synchondrosis

Bursae are saclike structures that are commonly found between bone and A) skin. B) muscle. C) ligaments. D) tendons. E) all the other answer selections

E) all the other answer selections

A condyloid joint A) is also called an ellipsoidal joint. B) is considered to be biaxial. C) allows both flexionñextension and abductionñadduction of the joint. D) can be found in the wrist. E) is All of these choices

E) is All of these choices

Which of the following is an autoimmune disease that affects the joints? A) gouty arthritis B) Lyme disease C) arthroplasty D) osteoarthritis E) rheumatoid arthritis

E) rheumatoid arthritis

A joint in which there is a complete fusion of two separate bones into one bone is called a A) synchondrosis. B) syndesmosis. C) symphysis. D) diarthrosis. E) synostosis

E) synostosis