Chapter 9 Reading Quiz

Which theory refers to the idea that an individual's tendency to exert effort toward task accomplishment depends in part on the strength of her motivation to achieve success?

Achievement orientation

Which theory argues that leaders should select only followers who have both the right skills and a higher level of achievement orientation?

Achievement orientation theory

Goal setting theory argues all of the following except which?

Both short-term and long-term goals should be given to followers.

Which of the following is earnest, dutiful, conscientious, loyal, and is willing do do whatever the leader asks?

Brown-noser

According to the Potter and Rosenbach Followership Model, which type of follower is often motivated to become a subject matter expert in their organization?

Contributor

Which dimension of the Curphy and Roellig Followership model is concerned with a follower's ability to change the status quo, ask good questions, detect problems, and develop solutions?

Critical thinking

In the context of employee motivation, which of the following is true of meaning?

It is the notion of doing something that matters.

_____ refers to how much one likes a specific kind of job or work activity.

Job satisfaction

Which types of goals result in higher effort and performance as compared to 'do your best' goals?

Specific and difficult

Which of the following is not a leadership behavior that is likely to encourage followers to work harder to achieve group goals?

Stifling strong work ethic

Which of the following is not one of the follower types in the Curphy and Roellig Followership Model?

Subordinate

All else being equal, people with higher levels of achievement orientation are likely to do all of the following except which?

Take longer to be promoted.

On average, which employee is likely to work the most hours per year?

The American employee

Sam's team has failed to successfully complete assigned tasks three months in a row. Sam's belief that it will probably fail yet again is an example of which?

The Golem effect

True or false: In the context of the relationship between satisfaction and performance, satisfied, or happy, workers in an organization are always the most productive ones.

This is false. In the context of the relationship between satisfaction and performance, happy workers in an organization are not always the most productive ones; nor are unhappy or dissatisfied workers always the poorest performers. It is possible for poorly performing workers to be fairly satisfied with their jobs. It is also possible for dissatisfied workers to be relatively high performers.

True or false: Leaders should ideally assume that all followers will find the same things to be rewarding or punishing.

This is false. Leadership practitioners need to find out what followers actually find rewarding and punishing. Leaders should not make the mistake of assuming that all followers will find the same things to be rewarding or punishing. One follower's punishment may be another follower's reward.

True or false: Given that properly designed and implemented employee empowerment programs include a strong developmental component, a key benefit to these programs is that they help employees learn more about their jobs, company, and industry. True false question.

This is true. Given that properly designed and implemented employee empowerment programs include a strong developmental component, a key benefit to these programs is that they help employees learn more about their jobs, company, and industry. These knowledge and skill gains increase the intellectual capital of the company and can be a competitive advantage in moving ahead.

True or false: At work or school we can choose to perform a wide variety of behaviors, but performance would include only those behaviors related to the production of goods or services or obtaining good grades.

This is true. Performance concerns behaviors directed toward an organization's mission or goals or the products and services resulting from those behaviors. At work or school we can choose to perform a wide variety of behaviors, but performance would include only those behaviors related to the production of goods or services or obtaining good grades.

True or false: Leaders who know about different motivational theories are more likely to choose the right theory for a particular follower and situation, and often have higher-performing and more satisfied and engaged employees as a result.

This is true. Some motivational theories are particularly useful in certain situations but not as applicable in others. Leaders who know about different motivational theories are more likely to choose the right theory for a particular follower and situation, and often have higher-performing and more satisfied and engaged employees as a result.

True or false: A manager trying to motivate his subordinates by focusing on the pride they will feel for completing a task successfully is unlikely to be successful if his subordinates are hungry or cold at the time.

True; The subordinates will be unwilling to focus on higher level needs when their basic physiological needs are unfulfilled.

In the context of followers' performance problems, leaders seem to have the most difficulty in recognizing and rectifying problems related to _____.

a lack of motivation

Followers that score ___ on the ___ dimension of the Potter and Rosenbach Followership Model are competent, get along well with others, support leaders' initiatives, and take care of themselves.

high, performance initiative

According to the Potter and Rosenbach followership model, a typical characteristic of partners in an organizational context is that they _____.

work closely with their leaders to identify issues and work out solutions

According to the Potter and Rosenbach followership model, which of the following are typical characteristics of subordinates in an organizational context?

- They tend to remain with their organizations for long periods. - They follow the rules, do what they are told, and are low-to-medium performers.

Identify Daniel Pink's views on the fundamental needs that drive employees.

- What may be interesting, impactful, developmental, or empowering to one employee may have just the opposite effect on another. - Followers need to be paid at market or better than market rates for autonomy, mastery, and meaning to have an impact.

In the context of follower motivation, identify the macro psychological components that underlie empowerment.

- Stress - Motivation - Learning

The ____ effect occurs when leaders articulate high expectations for followers.

Pygmalion

In the context of the fundamental needs that drive employees as described by Daniel Pink, identify the examples of autonomy in the workplace.

- Letting sales representatives pick the customers they will pursue in an assigned geographic territory - Allowing employees to work at home or bring their pets to work - Providing flexible work hours

According to the Potter and Rosenbach followership model, which of the following are typical characteristics of politicians in an organizational context?

- They are capable of giving leaders good insights into other team members. - They are loyal and sensitive to interpersonal dynamics.

According to the Potter and Rosenbach followership model, which of the following are typical characteristics of partners in an organizational context?

- They are committed to high performance and building good relationships with their leaders. - They take the time to understand their leaders' perspectives and buy into their vision for the team.

According to the Potter and Rosenbach followership model, identify the true statements about politicians who delight in playing the game and are good in positions that require lots of interaction with others.

- They normally confuse activity with productivity. - They can often be found in public relations or sales.

According to the Potter and Rosenbach followership model, which of the following are typical characteristics of contributors in an organizational context?

- They rarely seek out their leaders' perspectives and generally wait for direction. - They work best in jobs where they are left alone to do their thing.

According to the Potter and Rosenbach followership model, identify the characteristics of politicians who are manipulative and selfish and have unhealthy needs to be the center of attention.

- They start rumors, play games, and get little done but take credit for others' work. - They jockey to be seen as indispensable to their boss.

What are the dimensions of the Curphy and Roelling Followership Model?

Critical thinking and engagement

Which of the following is not one of the types of followers in the Potter and Rosenbach Followership Model?

Criticizer

Individuals with a strong achievement orientation

Prefer tasks that provide immediate feedback and are moderately difficult

A ___ is any consequence that increases the likelihood that a particular behavior will be repeated.

Reward; A reward is any consequence that increases the likelihood that a particular behavior will be repeated.

In the context of an organization, identify a true statement about job satisfaction.

Satisfaction and engagement increase when people accomplish a task, particularly when the task requires a lot of effort.

According to Potter and Rosenbach, which tool can be helpful in identifying how to best motivate and lead team members?

Scatter plots

An individual who scores high on both critical thinking and engagement is which type of follower?

Self-starter

Which type of leader is likely to set high expectations, reward others for taking initiative, and give top performers plenty of latitude and needed resources?

Self-starters

Which type of employee do organizations with good selection processes tend to hire?

Self-starters and brown-nosers

In the context of the fundamental needs that drive employees as described by Daniel Pink, ______ is concerned primarily with making choices: Do followers have the freedom to work on things they find interesting, or are they given the latitude to get things done in ways that make sense to them?

autonomy

_______ rewards or punishments are administered as consequences of a particular behavior.

contingent

Leaders that successfully motivate followers do all of the following except

decrease customer satisfaction.

The two components of empowerment are _____.

delegation and development

Making judgments about the adequacy of behavior with respect to certain criteria refers to

effectiveness.

_____ refers to delegating leadership and decision making to the lowest level possible and ensuring that followers have the resources, skills, and knowledge to make good decisions.

empowerment

If Eleanor wants the Pygmalion effect to occur, she should

express confidence in her subordinates' ability to successfully accomplish their tasks.

Behaviors that are not rewarded may eventually be eliminated through the process of _____.

extinction

According to the Potter and Rosenbach followership model, a typical characteristic of subordinates in an organizational context is that they do not ___.

have particularly good relationships with their leaders

In the context of the fundamental needs that drive employees as described by Daniel Pink, _______i s concerned with helping followers develop those skills that will enable them to perform at higher levels.

mastery

In the context of the fundamental needs that drive employees as described by Daniel Pink, ____ is the notion of doing something that matters, having an impact, or being a part of something bigger than oneself.

meaning

Anything that provides direction, intensity, and persistence to behavior refers to _______ .

motivation

_______ refer to internal states of tension or arousal, or uncomfortable states of deficiency people are motivated to change.

needs

________ refers to the administration of an aversive stimulus or the withdrawal of something desirable, each of which decreases the likelihood that a particular behavior will be repeated.

punishment

In the context of the fundamental needs that drive employees, Daniel Pink maintains that _____.

rewards and punishment do not work well for motivating employees performing complex tasks or creating new products

Identify the risks associated with longer workweeks

- Job dissatisfaction - Distressed family and social relationships

Which reward is likely to have the least impact on motivation in an operant system for improving followers' motivation and performance?

A regular paycheck

The Potter and Rosenbach Followership Model is based upon which of the following?

Follower performance levels and the strength of the leader-follower relationship

In the context of the fundamental needs that drive employees as described by Daniel Pink, which of the following is a critical aspect of mastery?

Giving followers feedback on skill development or task progress

The ____ effect describes leaders who have little faith in their followers' ability to accomplish a goal are rarely disappointed.

Golem

Which of the following is true of effectiveness?

It involves making judgments about the adequacy of behavior with respect to certain criteria such as work group or organizational goals.

Which of the following statements is true of job satisfaction?

It is how much one likes a specific kind of job.

All of the following except which describes an empowered employee?

Low influence

Which of the following best describes an unempowered employee?

Low influence

According to Daniel Pink, identify the fundamental needs that drive employees who create new products or services or perform complex, nonroutine work.

Mastery Autonomy Meaning

Match the approaches to theories of understanding motivation in work or leadership contexts (in the left column) with their major themes of characteristics (in the right column).

Motives or needs > satisfying requirements to change behavior Achievement orientation > having certain personality traits Goal setting > setting objectives to change behavior

Match the motivational approaches (in the left column) with their major themes of characteristics (in the right column).

Motives or needs>Satisfying requirements to change behavior Operant approach>Changing rewards and punishments to change behavior Empowerment>Providing people autonomy and latitude to increase their motivation for work

The internal states of tension or arousal, or uncomfortable states of deficiency people are motivated to change refer to which?

Needs

Behaviors directed toward the organization's mission or goals or the products and services resulting from those behaviors concerns _____ .

Performance

Which of the following is not part of motivation?

Performance

According to the Potter and Rosenbach followership model, identify a typical characteristic of contributors in an organizational context.

They have no interest in building strong relationships with their leaders or interpersonal dynamics.

The Curphy and Roellig Followership Model suggests which type of follower is highly dependent on the leader to be successful?

Brown-noser

A leader who wants to encourage followers to become partners should

seek input on issues and decision making.