CHAPTER FIVE TEST BANK

The replacement of damaged tissue with scar tissue is called

fibrosis

which of the following is not a type of fibrous connective tissue

hyaline cartilage

blood functions to

transport nutrients to the tissues

________ secrete _______ into ______

Endocrine glands; hormones; the blood

which of the following is not a feature that almost all connective tissues have in common

Ground substance is so scarce that it is not visible with a light microscope.

New triglycerides are constantly being synthesized and stored, while others are hydrolyzed and released into the circulation by the cells found in __________.

adipose tissue

it is normal for breasts to shrink after lactation ceases. this is a consequence of ________ in human breast cells

apoptosis

______________exhibits a lot of appareny empty space and is found in many serous membranes

areolar tissue

An example of a highly vascular tissue is __________ tissue. An example of a tissue that is not highly vascular is __________.

areolar; cartilage

which of the following is not a feature that connective tissues have in common

calcified matrix

The rubbery matrix of cartilage is secreted by __________, whereas _________ produce the fibers and ground substance that form the matrix of fibrous connective tissue.

chondroblasts; fibroblasts

which of the following does not account for the gelatinous consistency of connective tissue ground substance

collagen

a connective tissues fiber refers to a ________ nerve fiber to a _________ and a muscle fiber refers to a

complex of macromolecules; part of a cell; entire cell

Glands that have branched ducts and secretory cells that form sacs at one end of the ducts are classified as ___________ glands.

compound acinar

The clear gel inside a cell is called

cytosol

Fibroblasts and protein fibers are associated with both __________ and __________.

dense regular; dense irregular connective tissues

the________ gives rise to the ________

ectoderm; nervous dystem and epidermis

The shape of a person's external ear is due to the presence of __________.

elastic cartilage

the covering of body surfaces and the lining of the body cavities is composed of __________ tissue

epithelial

the membrane that lines the lumenal surfaces of the digestive, respiratory, urinary, and reproductive tracts consists of

epithelium and lamina propria

the basement membrane is found between _______and ________

epithelium; connective tissue

_______________ tissues respond quickly to outside stimuli by means of changes in membrane

excitable

the four primary tissue types found in adult organs include all of the following except ___________ tissue

fibrous

Some simple columnar and pseudostratified columnar epithelia have _________ cells, which produce a protective mucous coating over the mucous membranes.

goblet

A thin, stained slice of tissue mounted on a microscope is called a __________.

histological section

Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) help give the ground substance some of its qualities including

holding water and maintaining electrolyte balance

marfan syndrome is a hereditary defect of elastin fibers, peoole with this syndrom have

hyper extendible joints

after six months of lifting weights at the gym you notice that some of your muscles have increases in size this increase in size is due to ________ of muscle cells

hypertrophy

the histological section that divided a specimen along its long axis is called _________ section

longitudinal

the membrane that lines passageways that open to the exterior environment is called

mucous membrane (mucosa)

___________ glands( such as tear glands) have vesicles that releases their secretion via excocytisis ________ glands (such as oil producing glands) secrete a mixture of disintegrated cells and their products

merocrine; holocrine

The middle primary germ layer is called __________, which gives rise to a gelatinous material called __________, which then gives rise to different types of connective tissue such as bone, cartilage, and blood.

mesoderm; mesenchyme

the pseudostratified columnar epithelium of the bronchi in smokers may transform into stratified squamous epithelium. this is an example of

metaplasia

Mucin is secreted by__________ glands, which combines with water to form a thick and sticky product. _________ glands produce a relatively watery fluid.

mucous and serous

nervous tissue consists predominantly of two cells types, neurons, and

neuroglia

__________epithelium provides a moist and slipper surface and is well suited to resist stress as seen in the ________

nonkeratinized; vagina

With regard to the healing of a skin wound, macrophages ___________.

phagocytize and digest tissue debris

All cells in _______ epithelium reach the basement membrane, but only cells that reach the free surface have cilia.

pseudostratified columnar

An epithelium whose cells are tall and narrow, with each one touching the basement membrane and reaching the apical surface, is called __________ epithelium.

simple columnar

A brush border of microvilli is found in __________ epithelium, which can be found in the __________.

simple columnar; simple intestine

Most kidney tubules are made of __________ epithelial tissue, which is specialized for absorption and secretion.

simple cuboidal

rapid diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide through the air sacs (alveoli) of the lungs takes place through ________ epithelium

simple squamous

___________epithelium is associated with rapid transport of substances through a membrane, whereas ________ epithelium is associated with resistance to abrasion

simple squamous; stratified squamous

Astronauts in zero gravity are able to move food through their digestive tracts because

smooth muscle produces waves of contractions that propel material through the digestive tract

__________ epithelium is the most widespread epithelium in the body wheres ___________ epithelium is rare

stratified squamous ; stratified columnar

skeletal muscle is described as

striated and voluntary

Most membranes are composed of two or three tissue types. However, an example of an exception is the ___________ membrane.

synovial

collagenous fibers are very abundant in

tendons, ligaments, and the deeper portion of the skin

in the intestines ________ ensure the most digested nutrients pass through the epithelial cells and not between them

tight junctions

Most biologists see embryonic stem (ES) cells as a possible treatment for diseases that result from the loss of functional cells. This possibility is based on the fact that ES cells are __________ stem cells.

totipotent

Found in the urinary bladder, __________ epithelium resembles __________ epithelium, but the apical cells are rounded, not flattened.

transitional; stratified squamous