Chapter Three - THEORIES OF ACCIDENT CAUSATION

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According to Heinrich's Axioms on Industrial Safety, the plant manager is the key person concerning industrial accidents

False

Epidemiological theory has focused on accidents caused by overload, inappropriate response, and inappropriate activities

False

The Three Es of safety are environment, education, and edification

False

The domino theory of accident causation is used to predict and prevent accidents

False

The systems theory of accident causation views any stem in which an accident might occur as a system with one component

False

The systems theory views a situation in which an accident might occur as a system comprised of components in which of the following? A. Person, machine, and motivation B. Motivation, peer pressure, and overload C. Person, machine, and environment D. Attitude, risk, and motivation

Person, machine, and environment

Three factors that lead to human error in the human factors theory are which of the following? A. Carelessness, training, and management B. Carelessness, overload, and training C. Pressure, motivation, and fatigue D. Overload, inappropriate response, and inappropriate activities

Overload, inappropriate response, and inappropriate activities

Ergonomic traps, overload, and/or a decision to err lead to human error in which of the following theories? A. Human factors theory B. Epidemiological theory C. Accident/incident theory D. Domino theory

Accident/incident theory

In which of the following theories may an actual cause be combined with two or more models? A. Domino theory B. Combination theory C. Systems theory D. Human factory theory

Combination theory

Controlling hazards through better product design or process improvement is which of the Three Es of Safety? A. Education B. Engineering C. Enforcement D. Environment

Engineering

. An accident prevention model that provides multiple defensive layers between hazards and the harm they might cause is called what? A. Human systems model B. Behavioral pathology model C. Swiss cheese model D. Person/machine model

Swiss cheese model

Which of the following is NOT used by event-chain theories to explain accident causation? A. Multiple events that occur in a sequence B. Events that involve human error C. The Beria-Six theory D. Events that are linked by direct relationships between causal failures

The Beria-Six theory

An accident program does not have to take all the axioms into account to be effective

True

Human adaptation can cause more experienced workers to take greater risks than newer employees

True

The accident/incident theory is an extension of the human factors theory

True

The human factors theory of accident causation attributes accidents to a chain of events caused by human error

True

Theories of accident causation are used to predict and prevent accidents.

True

There is a strong correlation between obesity and injuries.

True

Why accidents do happen is a concern for safety and health decision makers.

True

The findings of Herbert W. Heinrich's 1920s study of the causes of industrial accidents are which of the following? A. Unsafe acts committed by fellow workers B. Poor management C. Lack of safety and health programs D. Faulty machines and equipment

Unsafe acts committed by fellow workers


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