Checkpoint Exam Modules 11 to 13 - IP Addressing

What is the prefix length notation for the subnet mask 255.255.255.224?

/27 1. convert subnet mask to binary (224 becomes 11100000) 2. count the numbers of 1s, subnet mask has 27 ones (full binary subnet mask: 11111111.11111111.11111111.11100000) therefore, it becomes the prefix notation /27

Consider the following range of addresses: 2001:0DB8:BC15:00A0:0000: :2001:0DB8:BC15:00A1:0000:: 2001:0DB8:BC15:00A2:0000::...2001:0DB8:BC15:00AF:0000:: What do these all have in common? Hint: prefix length

/60

What three blocks of addresses are defined by RFC 1918 for private network use? (Choose three.) 10.0.0.0/8 172.16.0.0/12 192.168.0.0/16 100.64.0.0/14 169.254.0.0/16 239.0.0.0/8

10.0.0.0/8 172.16.0.0/12 192.168.0.0/16

Consider the addresses that are already in use in this network: 10.16.10.0/26, 10.16.10.192/28 and you must provide a subnet to contain 25 hosts. What IP would you use?

10.16.10.64/27 First, 10.16.10.0 through 10.16.10.63 are taken for the first network address subnet. The second network has 10.16.10.192 through 10.16.10.207 for the second network. The third network must use 5 bits, so a /27 mask will be used. The IP range will be 10.16.10.64/27.

How many host addresses are available on the network 172.16.129.0 with a subnet mask of 255.255.252.0?

1022 1. subnet mask of 255.255.252.0 is a prefix for /22. provides 22 bits for the network portion, and leaves 10 bits for the host portion. 10 bits provides 1022 usable ip addresses (2^10 = 1024, 1022 total usable ips)

A company is deploying an IPv6 addressing scheme for its network. The company design document indicates that the subnet portion of the IPv6 addresses is used for the new hierarchical network design, with the site subsection to represent multiple geographical sites of the company, the sub-site section to represent multiple campuses at each site, and the subnet section to indicate each network segment separated by routers. With such a scheme, what is the maximum number of subnets achieved per sub-site?

16

An administrator must send a message to everyone on the router A network. What is the broadcast address for network 172.16.16.0/22?

172.16.16.255

What would be the broadcast address for network address 172.16.16.0/22?

172.16.16.255

On an interconnected network with the subnetwork set as "192.168.0.0", if network B had to support 50 hosts, what would its address and CIDR notation be?

192.168.0.0 /26 -yields 64 host addresses

On an interconnected network with the subnetwork set as "192.168.0.0", if network A had to support 100 hosts, what would its address and CIDR notation be?

192.168.0.128/25 -yields 128 host addresses

On an interconnected network with the subnetwork set as "192.168.0.0", if network D had to support 2 hosts, what would its address and CIDR notation be?

192.168.0.80 /30 -yields 4 hosts

On an interconnected network with the subnetwork set as "192.168.0.0", if network C had to support 25 hosts, what would its address and CIDR notation be?

192.168.0.96 /27 -yields 32 host addresses

What address would fit under 192.168.1.96/27 as an IP address? a. 192.168.1.63 b. 192.168.1.58 c. 192.168.1.128 d. 192.168.1.48 e. 192.168.1.121

192.168.1.121 Explanation: Subnet 192.168.1.96/27 will have a valid host range from 192.168.1.97 - 192.168.1.126 with the broadcast address as 192.168.1.127

What address would fit under 192.168.1.32/27 as an IP address? a. 192.168.1.63 b. 192.168.1.58 c. 192.168.1.128 d. 192.168.1.38 e. 192.168.1.121

192.168.1.38 Explanation: Subnet 192.168.1.32/27 will have a valid host range from 192.168.1.33 - 192.168.1.62 with the broadcast address as 192.168.1.63

What subnet would include the address 192.168.1.95 as a usable host address?

192.168.1.64/26

Which subnet would include the address 192.168.1.96 as a usable host address?

192.168.1.64/26

A company has a network address of 192.168.1.64 with a subnet mask of 255.255.255.192. The company wants to create two subnetworks that would contain 10 hosts and 18 hosts respectively. Which two networks would achieve that? (Choose two.) 192.168.1.16/28 192.168.1.64/27 192.168.1.128/27 192.168.1.96/28 192.168.1.192/28

192.168.1.64/27 and 192.168.1.95/28 /27 bits would support 32 hosts, /28 bits would support 16 addresses

What address would fit under 192.168.1.64/27 as an IP address? a. 192.168.1.63 b. 192.168.1.58 c. 192.168.1.128 d. 192.168.1.68 e. 192.168.1.121

192.168.1.68 Explanation: Subnet 192.168.1.64/27 will have a valid host range from 192.168.1.65 - 192.168.1.94 with the broadcast address as 192.168.1.95

Which three addresses are valid public addresses? (Choose three.) 198.133.219.17 192.168.1.245 10.15.250.5 128.107.12.117 172.31.1.25 64.104.78.227

198.133.219.17 128.107.12.117 64.104.78.227

What is the prefix for the host address 2001:DB8:BC15:A:12AB::1/64?

2001:DB8:BC15:A

Given IPv6 address prefix 2001:db8::/48, what will be the last subnet that is created if the subnet prefix is changed to /52?

2001:db8:0:f000::/52

Which is the compressed format of the IPv6 address 2001:0db8:0000:0000:0000:a0b0:0008:0001?

2001:db8::a0b0:8:1

Which is the compressed format of the IPv6 address 2001:0db8:0000:0000:a0b0:0008:0001?

2001:db8::a0b0:8:1

Which is the compressed format of the IPv6 address 2001:0db8:0000:0000:0ab8:0001:0000:1000?

2001:db8::ab8:1:0:1000

Which is the compressed format of the IPv6 address 2002:0420:00c4:1008:0025:0190:0000:0990?

2002:420:c4:1008:25:190::990

Which is the compressed format of the IPv6 address 2002:0042:0010:c400:0000:0000:0000:0909?

2002:42:10:c400::909

Which address prefix range is reserved for IPv4 multicast?

224.0.0.0 - 239.255.255.255

A site administrator has been told that a particular network at the site must accommodate 126 hosts. Which subnet mask would be used that contains the required number of host bits?

255.255.255.128

Which of these addresses is the shortest abbreviation for the IP address:3FFE:1044:0000:0000:00AB:0000:0000:0057?

3FFE:1044:0:0:AB::57

A network administrator subnets the 192.168.10.0/24 network into subnets with /26 masks. How many equal sized subnets are created?

4 subnets 1. the subnet for 192.168.10.0/24 must be 255.255.255.0, which has 24 bits for the network. This means that the network can contain 256 total IPs. However, we are given /26 prefix notation, meaning the new subnet mask is 255.255.255.192. THis means tht there are now 26 bits for the network and 6 bits for the network. 2^6 is 64. In this formula, "total num of addresses in OG subnet divided by total number of addresses in new subnet", youll see how we get 4. 256 / 64 = 4. Therefore, we have 4 subnets.

What is the usable number of host ip addresses on a network that has a /26 mask?

62

How many host addresses are available on the 192.168.10.128/26 network?

62 1. /26 gives 6 bits, 2^6 is 64 (62 total usable ip addresses)

How many valid host addresses are available on an IPv4 subnet that is configured with a /26 mask?

62 1. /26 subnet mask means that 26 bits are used for the network portion. IPv4 addresses have 32 bits total, so if you take 32- 26, you get 6 bits left for hosts. then, take 2^host-bits = 2^6 = 64 total addresses, with 62 being usable ip addresses.

A network administrator has received the IPv6 prefix 2001:DB8::/48 for subnetting. Assuming the administrator does not subnet into the interface ID portion of the address space, how many subnets can the administrator create from the /48 prefix?

65536

A host is transmitting a multicast. Which host or hosts will receive it?

A specially defined group of hosts

A host is transmitting a broadcast. Which host or hosts will recieve it?

All hosts in the same subnet

Which IPv6 prefix is reserved for communication between devices on the same link?

FE80::/10 explaination: IPv6 link-local unicast addresses are in the FE80::/10 prefix range and are not routable

Which address is a valid IPv6 link-local unicast address?

FE80::1:4545:6578:ABC1

Which protocol is used by the traceroute command to send and receive echo-requests and echo-replies?

ICMP

Which protocolis used by the traceroute command to send and recieve echo-requests and echo replies?

ICMP

Which protocol supports stateless address autoconfiguration (SLAAC) for dynamic assignment of IPv6 addresses to a host?

ICMPv6

A host is transmitting a unicast. Which hosts or host will receive it?

One specific host

An administrator is trying to troubleshoot connectivity between PC1 and PC2 using the tracert commad from PC1. The devices on the network are in this format: PC 1 (192.168.1.1) <--> SW1 (192.168.1.254) <---> R1 <---> R2 <---> SW2 <---> PC2 (10.1.0.2) Where should the administrator start to troubleshoot from?

R1 explanation: the only successful response was from the first device along the path on the same LAN as the sending host, Therefore, the administrator should start troubleshooting at R1 due to the lack of connectivity from SW1 to R1.

Which service provides dynamic global IPv6 addressing to end devices without using a server that keeps record of available IPv6 addresses?

SLAAC explaination: Using stateless address autoconfiguration (SLAAC), a pc can solicit a router and recieve the prefix length from the network - then can create its own IPv6 global unicast address.

A technician uses the ping 127.0.0.1 command. What is the technician testing?

The tcp/ip stack on the network host

A high school in New York (school A) is using videoconferencing technology to establish student interactions with another high school (school B) in Russia. The videoconferencing is conducted between two end devices through the Internet. The network administrator of school A configures the end device with the IP address 209.165.201.10. The administrator sends a request for the IP address for the end device in school B and the response is 192.168.25.10. Neither school is using a VPN. The administrator knows immediately that this IP will not work. Why?

This is a PRIVATE ip address and will not be routed over the internet.

How many bits must be borrowed from the host portion of an address to accommodate a router with five connected networks?

Three 1. use the formula "2n" 2. if 2 bit are borrowed --> 2^2 = 4, not enough if 3 bits are borrowed --> 2^3 = 8, enough. therefore, 3 bits must be borrowed.

Which ICMPv6 message is sent when the IPv6 hop limit field of a packet is decremented to zero and cannot be forwarded?

Time exceeded

What IP address would be considered a link-local address? a. 169.254.1.5 b. 127.0.0.1 c. 240.2.6.255 d. 192.0.2.123 e. 172.19.20.5

a. 169.2545.1.5

Perform the tasks in the activity instructions and then answer the question What are the three IPv6 addresses displayed when the route from PC1 to PC2 is traced? (three options) a. 2001:DB8:1:1::1 b. 2001:DB8:1:1::A c. 2001:DB8:1:2::2 d. 2001:DB8:1:2::1 e. 2001:DB8:1:3::1 f. 2001:DB8:1:3::2 g. 2001:DB8:1:4::1

a. 2001.DB8:1:1::1 d. 2001:DB8:1:2::1 f. 2001:DB8:1:3::2 explaination: to find these ipv6 addresses, use the ipv6 config command to displa the addresses of each machine, you can also use tracert from 2001:db8:1:4::a to find everything.

What option would allow IPv4 packets and IPv6 packets to coexist within the same network? a. dualstack b. translation c. tunneling d. DHCP

a. dualstack

A user issues a ping 2001:db8:FACE:39::10 command and receives a response that includes a code of 3. What does this code mean?

address is unreachable

A user issues a ping fe80:65ab:dcc1::100 command and receives a response that includes a code of 3. What does this code represent?

address unreachable

An IPv6 enabled device sends a data packet with the destination address of FF02::1. What is the target of this packet?

all ipv6 enabled devices on the local link or network this is because FF02::1 are for all ipv6 enabled devices on the link or network

What would you associate FF02::1 as a ipv6 address type? a. all node multicast b. loopback c. global unicast d. solicited node multicast

all node multicast

Which type of IPv6 address refers to any unicast address that is assigned to multiple hosts?

anycast

what IP address would be considered a loopback address? a. 169.254.1.5 b. 127.0.0.1 c. 240.2.6.255 d. 192.0.2.123 e. 172.19.20.5

b. 127.0.0.1

What would you associate ::1 as a ipv6 address type? a. all node multicast b. loopback c. global unicast d. solicited node multicast

b. loopback

What option would allow IPv6 packets to be converted into IPv4 packets and vice versa? a. dualstack b. translation c. tunneling d. DHCP

b. translation

A user issues a ping 2001:db8:FACE:39::10 command and receives a response that includes a code of 2. What does this code represent?

beyond scope of the source address

Is the IP address "10.0.0.159/27" a: 1. host address (target) 2. network address (target) 3. broadcast address (Target)

broadcast address

Is the IP address "192.168.1.191/26" a: 1. host address (target) 2. network address (target) 3. broadcast address (Target)

broadcast address

What IP address would be considered an experimental address? a. 169.254.1.5 b. 127.0.0.1 c. 240.2.6.255 d. 192.0.2.123 e. 172.19.20.5

c. 240.2.6.255

What option would allow an IPv6 packet to be transported inside an IPv4 packet? a. dualstack b. translation c. tunneling d. DHCP

c. tunneling

What IP address would be considered a TEST-NET address? a. 169.254.1.5 b. 127.0.0.1 c. 240.2.6.255 d. 192.0.2.123 e. 172.19.20.5

d. 192.0.2.123

A message is sent to all hosts on a remote network. Which type of message is it?

directed broadcast (a directed broadcast is a message sent to all hosts on a specific network)

what IP address would be considered a private address? a. 169.254.1.5 b. 127.0.0.1 c. 240.2.6.255 d. 192.0.2.123 e. 172.19.20.5

e. 172.19.20.5

Which is the compressed format of the IPv6 address fe80:09ea:0000:2200:0000:0000:0fe0:0290?

fe80:9ea:0:2200::fe0:290

Which is the compressed format of the IPv6 address fe80:0000:0000:0000:0220:0b3f:f0e0:0029?

fe80::220:b3f:f0e0:29

What would you associate 2001:DB8::BAF:3F57:FE94 as a ipv6 address type? a. all node multicast b. loopback c. global unicast d. solicited node multicast

global unicast

Is the IP address "192.168.100.161/25" a: 1. host address (target) 2. network address (target) 3. broadcast address (Target)

host address

Is the IP address "203.0.113.100/24" a: a. host address b. network address c. broadcast address

host address

Is the IP address "224.10.0.254/24" a: 1. host address (target) 2. network address (target) 3. broadcast address (Target)

host address

A user issues a ping 192.135.250.103 command and receives a respond that includes a code of 1. What does this code represent?

host unreachable

A user issues a ping 192.135.250.103 command and receives a response that includes a code of 1. What does this code represent?

host unreachable

What type of IPv6 address is FE80::1?

link local

What are two types of IPv6 unicast addresses?

loopback and link-local

Is the IP address "10.10.10.128/25" a: 1. host address (target) 2. network address (target) 3. broadcast address (Target)

network address

Is the IP address "172.110.12.64/28" a: 1. host address (target) 2. network address (target) 3. broadcast address (Target)

network address

A user issues a ping 10.10.14.57 command and receives a response that includes a code of 0. What does this code represent?

network unreachable

A user issues a ping fe80:65ab:dcc1::100 command and receives a response that includes a code of 4. What does this code represent?

port unreachable

What would you associate FF02::1:FFAE:F85F as a ipv6 address type? a. all node multicast b. loopback c. global unicast d. solicited node multicast

solicited node multicast

An administrator wants to create four subnetworks from the network address 192.168.1.0/24. What is the network address and subnet mask of the second useable subnet?

subnetwork 192.168.1.64, mask of 255.255.255.192 1. to create four subnets, we must borrow 2 bits from the network address, 2^2 is 4. Now we can have 4 subnets. Each subnet increments by 64, so the first address is 192.168.1.0, the second is 192.168.1.64. Because the 2 bits are borrowed, the new subnet mask is /26 or 255.255.255.192

What source IP address does a router use by default when the traceroute command is issued?

the IP address of the outbound interface

What is used in the EUI-64 process to create an IPv6 interface ID on an IPv6 enabled interface?

the mac address of the IPv6 enabled interface

What is the purpose of ICMP messages?

to provide feedback of IP packet transmissions

A user executes a traceroute over IPv6. At what point would a router in the path to the destination device drop the packet?

when the value of the hop limit field reaches zero