Chem Ch 1 Test

Explain the difference between a pure substance and a homogeneous mixture. Give an example of each.

A pure substance has the same composition in all sample of the substance, a homogeneous mixture does not. Ex: Every sample of water has 2 hydrogen and 1 oxygen (pure), but air has different compositions depending on the environment (Homogeneous).

A mixture is... A) A blend of any two or more kinds of matter, as long as each maintains its own unique properties. B) Any substance with a uniform composition. C) A combination of pure substances bonded chemically. D) Any group of elements that are chemically bonded to one another.

A) A blend of any two or more kinds of matter, as long as each maintains its own unique properties.

Which of the following is an example of a homogeneous mixture? A) Air B) Pizza C) Orange juice with pulp D) Oil & vinegar salad dressing

A) Air

A chemical can be defined as... A) Any substance that is composed of matter. B) An unnatural additive placed in food. C) Any substance that is not alive. D) A toxic substance.

A) Any substance that is composed of matter.

Which of the following is an intensive property of matter? A) Density B) Volume C) Mass D) Amount of energy

A) Density

A physical change occurs when a... A) Glue gun melts a glue stick. B) Peach spoils. C) Silver bowl tarnishes. D) Bracelet turns your wrist green.

A) Glue gun melts a glue stick.

It is easy to determine whether a substance is a metal if the substance is... A) Very brittle. B) A good electrical and heat conductor. C) Easy to break down into its components. D) Very hard.

B) A good electrical and heat conductor.

Plasma is the fourth state of matter. In the plasma state... A) Atoms form molecules B) Atoms lose electrons C) Atoms gain electrons D) Atomic nuclei break down

B) Atoms lose electrons

A nonmetal is usually... A) Malleable B) Brittle C) A liquid D) A good conductor

B) Brittle

A measure of the quantity of matter is... A) Volume B) Mass C) Weight D) Density

B) Mass

The only pure substance listed below is... A) Bread dough B) Table salt (sodium chloride) C) Vinegar (5% acetic acid in 95% H2O) D) Seawater

B) Table salt (sodium chloride)

The two properties common to all matter are... A) Being malleable and ductile. B) Taking up space and having mass. C) The ability to carry an electric current well and to hold electric charge. D) Being brittle and hard.

B) Taking up space and having mass.

An atom is... A) Smaller than an electron. B) The smallest unit of matter that maintains its chemical identity. C) The smallest unit of a compound. D) Always made of carbon.

B) The smallest unit of matter that maintains its chemical identity.

Under ordinary conditions of temperature and pressure, the particles in a gas are... A) Unevenly distributed. B) Very far from one another. C) Held in fixed positions. D) Closely packed.

B) Very far from one another.

When water boils, steam forms. When vinegar and baking soda combine, carbon dioxide gas a released. Which change is physical, and which is chemical? Explain.

Boiling water is a physical change because the water changes state from a liquid to gas, but is still water. Vinegar and baking soda becoming carbon dioxide is chemical because they combine to make an entirely new substance.

Which of the following is an example of a heterogeneous mixture? A) A gold ring B) Seawater C) A salad D) Air

C) A salad

Which of the following is not a physical change... A) Grinding B) Boiling C) Burning D) Cutting

C) Burning

If a mixture is uniform in composition, it is said to be... A) Heterogeneous B) A compound C) Homogeneous D) Chemically bonded

C) Homogeneous

Matter includes all of the following except... A) Smoke B) Air C) Light D) Water vapor

C) Light

Which of the following is not a chemical change? A) Igniting B) Rusting C) Melting D) Burning

C) Melting

The horizontal rows on the periodic table are called... A) Groups B) Actinides C) Periods D) Families

C) Periods

A chemical change occurs when... A) Dissolved minerals solidify to form a crystal. B) Salt deposits form from evaporated seawater. C) Runny eggs become hard when cooked. D) Ethanol is purified through evaporation and condensation in distillation.

C) Runny eggs become hard when cooked.

Which of the following is an extensive property of matter? A) Boiling point B) Melting point C) Volume D) Density

C) Volume

Identify the reactants and the products in the reaction represented by the equation: copper + water -> copper (II) oxide + hydrogen.

Copper + water are the reactants. Copper (II) oxide + hydrogen are the products.

A homogeneous mixture is also called... A) Chemically bonded B) A compound C) A solute D) A solution

D) A solution

A compound is... A) Any substance, whether it is chemically bonded or not. B) A pure substance that cannot be broken down into simpler, stable substances. C) The smallest unit of matter that maintains its chemical identity. D) A substance, made of two or more atoms that are chemically bonded, that can be broken down into simpler, stable substances.

D) A substance, made of two or more atoms that are chemically bonded, that can be broken down into simpler, stable substances.

A solid substance is... A) Always losing particles regardless of its container. B) Always a crystal regardless of its container. C) Always frozen regardless of its container. D) Always the same shape regardless of its container.

D) Always the same shape regardless of its container.

The vertical columns on the periodic table are called... A) Rows B) Elements C) Periods D) Groups

D) Groups

The liquid state of matter can be described as... A) Having neither a definite shape nor a definite volume. B) Having definite shape and definite volume. C) Having lost electrons owing to energy content. D) Having a definite volume but not a definite shape.

D) Having a definite volume but not a definite shape.

If a mixture is not uniform throughout, it is called... A) A solution B) Homogeneous C) Chemically bonded D) Heterogeneous

D) Heterogeneous

A state of matter in which a material has no definite shape but has a definite volume is the ( ) state. A) Solid B) Gas C) Plasma D) Liquid

D) Liquid

Nitrogen monoxide and oxygen, both colorless gases, form a red-brown gas when mixed. Nitrogen monoxide and oxygen are called the... A) Products B) Synthetics C) Equilibria D) Reactants

D) Reactants

Metalloids are often... A) Lanthanides B) Unreactive C) From outer space D) Semiconductor

D) Semiconductor

Why can a gas fill the entire volume of its container as opposed to a sample of solid or liquid that has less volume than the container?

Gas has no defined volume like a solid or liquid, so gas takes up all the space of its container.

What are four things that all samples of matter have in common?

Volume, mass, density, and shape.