Chemical Names and Formulas
What's the charge of silver?
+1
group 1A has charge of...
+1
What's the charge of zinc?
+2
group 2A has charge of...
+2
What's the charge of aluminum?
+3
group 3A has charge of...
+3
types of polyatomic ions (in order by charge)
- OH -1 (hydroxide ion) - NO3 -1 (nitrate ion) : protein - CO3 -2 (carbonate ion) - SO4 -2 (sulfate ion) - PO4 -3 (phosphate ion) NH4 +1 (ammonium ion)
How do you use the crossover method to write the formula of a ternary compounds?
- balance the charges of the ions the same way as with binary ionic - don't mess with the polyatomic ion: treat it as a particle
group 7A has charge of...
-1
group 6A has charge of...
-2
group 5A has charge of...
-3
what is the ending for the names of all binary compounds, both ionic and molecular
-ide
What is the written formula silver hydroxide?
AgOH
What is the written formula for aluminum hydroxide?
Al(OH)3
What is the written formula for aluminum sulfate?
Al2(SO4)3
What is the written formula for aluminum phosphide?
AlP
What is the name of the compound for this formula? AlCl3
Aluminum chloride
What is the written formula for barium nitrate?
Ba(NO3)2
What is the written formula for Barium hydroxide?
Ba(OH)2
What is the written formula for barium iodide?
BaI2
What is the name of the compound for this formula? Ba3P2
Barium phosphide
What is the written formula for beryllium carbonate?
Be2(CO3)2
What is the name of the compound BeSO4?
Beryllium sulfate
What is the written formula for calcium hydroxide?
Ca(OH)2
What is the written formula for calcium phosphate?
Ca3(PO4)2
What is the written formula for Calcium carbonate?
CaCO3
What is the name of the compound for this formula? CaBr2
Calcium bromide
What is the name of the compound CaCO3
Calcium carbonate
What is the name of the compound Ca(NO3)2?
Calcium nitrate
What is the name of the compound for this formula? CaO
Calcium oxide
What is the name of the compound for this formula? CF4
Carbon tetrafluoride
What is the name of the compound CH4?
Carbon tetrahydride
What is the name of the compound for this formula? Cs2S
Cesium sulfide
What is the name of the compound CuNO3?
Copper (I) nitrate
What is the name of the compound CuCO3?
Copper (II) carbonate
What is the name of the compound Cu(OH)2?
Copper (II) hydroxide
What is the written formula for cesium carbonate?
Cs2CO3
What is the written formula for Copper (I) oxide?
Cu2O
What is the written formula for Copper (II) oxide?
CuO
What is the written formula for Copper (II) sulfate?
CuSO4
What is the name of the compound B2Si?
Diboron monosilicide
What is the name of the compound Si2Br6?
Disilicon hexabromide
What is the written formula for Iron (III) chloride?
FeCl3
What is the name of the compound FeCO3?
Iron (II) carbonate
What is the name of the compound FeSO4?
Iron (II) sulfate
What is the written formula for potassium chloride?
KCl
What is the written formula for Potassium nitrate?
KNO3
What is the name of the compound Pb(SO4)2?
Lead (IV) sulfate
What is the written formula for lithium fluoride?
LiF
What is the name of the compound for this formula? LiF
Lithium fluoride
What is the name of the compound Li3PO4?
Lithium phosphate
What is the name of the compound Li2SO4?
Lithium sulfate
What is the name of the compound Mg(OH)2?
Magnesium hydroxide
What is the name of the compound for this formula? MgI2
Magnesium iodide
What is the name of the compound for this formula? Mg3N2
Magnesium nitride
What is the name of the compound Mn(OH)4?
Manganese (IV) hydroxide
What is the written formula for Magnesium nitrate?
Mg (NO3)2
What is the written formula for magnesium oxide?
MgO
What is the written formula for Manganese (IV) nitrate?
Mn(NO3)4
What is the written formula for sodium carbonate?
Na2CO3
What is the written formula for Sodium sulfate?
Na2SO4
What is the written formula for sodium nitrate?
NaNO3
What is the name of the compound Ni3PO4?
Nickel (I) phosphate
What is the name of the compound NF3?
Nitrogen trifluoride
What is the written formula for Lead (II) carbonate?
PbCO3
What is the name of the compound K2CO3?
Potassium carbonate
What is the name of the compound KOH?
Potassium hydroxide
What is the name of the compound for this formula? K2O
Potassium oxide
What is the written formula for rubidium sulfate?
Rb2SO4
What is the name of the compound for this formula? SeF6
Selenium hexafluoride
What is the name of the compound for this formula? SiO2
Silicon dioxide
What is the name of the compound AgOH?
Silver hydroxide
What is the name of the compound AgNO3?
Silver nitrate
What is the name of the compound Ag3PO4?
Silver phosphate
What is the written formula Tin (II) chloride?
SnCl2
What is the name of the compound for this formula? NaCl
Sodium chloride
What is the name of the compound for this formula? Na3N
Sodium nitride
What is the name of the compound for this formula? SrF2
Strontium fluoride
What is the name of the compound Sr3(PO4)2?
Strontium phosphate
What is the name of the compound SCl4?
Sulfur tetrachloride
What is the name of the compound for this formula? P4S5
Tetraphosphorus pentasulfide
What is the name of the compound Sn(SO4)2?
Tin (IV) sulfate
What is the name of the compound ZnCO3?
Zinc carbonate
What is the written formula for Zinc (II) nitrate?
Zn(NO3)2
What is a polyatomic ion?
a charged particle which has two or more atoms held together by covalent (sharing of pairs of electrons) bonds
an -ate or -ite at the end of a compound name usually indicates that the compound contains
a polyatomic ion
Which of the following determines that an element is a metal? a. whether it loses valence electrons b. it is in group 5A c. when it is a member of the noble gases d. the charge is negative
a. whether it loses valence electrons
rule three for naming and writing a formula for a chemical compound
add a number prefix to show the number of atoms of each element (mono- may not be used)
Which transition metals only have one charge?
aluminum (Al), zinc (Zn), silver (Ag)
What is the name of the compound NH4Cl?
ammonium chloride
What is the name of the compound NH4NO3?
ammonium nitrate
What is the name of the compound (NH4)3N?
ammonium nitride
valence electron
an electron that is found in the outermost shell of an atom and that determines the atom's chemical properties.
atom or group of atoms having a negative charge
anion (nonmetal ion)
Ionic compounds are composed of...
anions and cations
Which of the following formulas represents an ionic compound? a. CS2 b. BaI2 c. PCI3 d. N2O4
b. BaI2
Which of the following correctly provides the names and formulas of calcium ion? a. Ca3 2- b. Ca2+ c. C2- d. Ca-
b. Ca2+
Which of the following is a cation? a. chlorite b. Ca2+ c. sulfate d. SO32-
b. Ca2+
rule two for writing formulas of binary ionic compounds
balance the positive (+) and negative (-) charge to zero (sum of + charge must be equal to the sum of - charge) by using the Crossover Method
What are the two types of ionic compounds?
binary ionic (2 elements only) and ternary ionic (have 3 or more elements)
what type of chemical compounds are there?
binary ionic, ternary ionic, molecular
How can you tell the difference between a binary and ternary ionic compound?
binary is represented by 2 capital letters, while ternary is represented by 3 or more capital letters
atom or group of atoms having a positive charge
cation (metal ion)
How are chemical formulas of binary ionic compounds generally written?
cation on left, anion on right
rule two for naming and writing a formula for a chemical compound
change the ending of the second element to an -ide ending
Compounds are not the same because...
compounds bond in different ways, so names are based on what kind of bonding occurs in the substance
Which of the following correctly provides the name of the element, the symbol for the ion, and the name of the ion? a. zinc, Zn2+, zincate ion b. fluorine, F-, fluoride ion c. sulfur, S2+, sulfur ion d. copper, Cu+, cupride ion
d. copper, Cu+, cupride ion
An -ide at the end of a compound name indicates... a. a metal b. fewer electrons than protons. c. neutral molecules. d. the second element in a compound formula
d. the second element in a compound formula
10
deca-
rule one for writing formulas of binary ionic compounds
determine the charge of each ion, the anion will change ending to -ide
2
di-
What is the name of the compound for this formula? O2
dioxide
What makes up a chemical formula?
element symbols and subscripts
How do you handle with transition metals in Ionic Compounds?
find the specific charge of that transition because they can have more than one charge (ex. Fe+2 or Fe+3)
7
hepta-
6
hexa-
ionic compounds have...
ionic bonds
What information do chemical formulas give you?
it tells you how many of each kind of atom are combined to form the compound
What is a chemical formula?
it tells you what kind of atoms are in a compound
if the chemical compound doesn't have a metal ion then...
it's not ionic
Which element, when combined with fluorine, would most likely form an ionic compound?
lithium
when group 2A elements form ions they
lose two electrons
Binary ionic and Ternary ionic
made up of a metal ion and a nonmetal ion
What are the two parts of a binary ionic compound?
made up of metal ion (positive) and nonmetal (negative)
What type of ion is calcium?
metal ion
consists of a single atom with a positive or negative charge
monatomic ion
1
mono-
rule one for naming and writing a formula for a chemical compound
name the elements in the order they appear in the formula
9
nona-
8
octa-
Ternary ionic compound
one metal ion bonded to a "polyatomic ion"
Binary ionic compound
one metal ion bonded to one nonmetal ion (ex. NaCl)
what type of ions have names ending in -ide
only anions
5
penta-
group 4A has charge of...
plus or minus 4 because it has an equal charge (it's molecular)
an ion made up of more than one (group) atom
polyatomic ion
What is the correct given name for K2O?
potassium oxide
in naming a binary molecular compound, the number of atoms of each element present in the molecule is indicated by
prefixes
What's the additional rule for transition metals?
rules are the same but you have to add a roman numeral to indicate the charge (ex. FeCl3 = Iron (III) chloride)
Molecular compound
substances with covalent bonds, made up of 2 or more nonmetals (right side of table)
4
tetra-
What do roman numerals tell you?
the charge of the ion so you can do crossover
What is the rule for ternary ionic compounds?
they are treated the same as binary ionic compounds
What is the one role you need to know to NAME a binary ionic compound?
to change the anion to an -ide ending
3
tri-
rule three for writing formulas of binary ionic compounds
use subscripts to tell how many of each ion is needed to balance the net charge of the compound to zero (reduce) ex.) Mg2O2 = MgO
How can you tell if a formula is a molecular compound?
when it has 2 or more letters that represent nonmetal elements