Chemistry Chapter 11 study

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What is the name of this compound? Cl | CH3-CH - CH2- CH2 - Cl?

1,3-dichlorobutane

What is the IUPAC name for Cl-CH2 -CH2 - CH2-Cl

1,3-dichloropropane.

The bond angles of tetravalent carbon are all approximately

109.5°

Which of the following compounds could have the molecular formula C7H16

2,3-dimethylpentane

The major product formed when bromine reacts with propane is

2-bromopropane.

What is the name of ? CH3 | CH2-CH-CH2-CH2-CH3

2-methylpentane

What is the IUPAC name for CH3 || CH3-CH2-CH2-CH- CH2-CH3

3-methylhexane.

The reaction for the combustion of heptane is C7H16 + 11 O2 → 7 CO2 + 8H2O. How many liters of CO2 at STP are produced from the complete combustion of 2.00 moles of heptane?

314 L

Carbon atoms always have how many covalent bonds?

4

How many valence electrons does carbon have?

4

In the equation for the combustion of pentane, the coefficient of carbon dioxide is

5

The balanced equation for the complete combustion of C5H12 will give which of these product(s)?

5 CO2 + 6H2O

What is the condensed structural formula for an alkane with four carbon atoms?

CH3-CH2-CH2- CH3

Which of the following is NOT a representation for a carboxylic acid functional group?

CHO O Are: || COOH ; CO2H ; C(=O)OH ; -C-OH

What is(are) the product(s) of the complete combustion of any hydrocarbon?

CO2 + H2O

Amines contain carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.

FALSE

Amines contain the functional group -OH.

FALSE

Functional groups always contain atoms other than just carbon and hydrogen.

FALSE

Octane is a seven-carbon linear alkane.

FALSE

Organic compounds are always highly water soluble.

FALSE

Organic compounds can only be made by living things because a "vital force" is needed for their creation.

FALSE

Pentane contains six carbon atoms.

FALSE

The bond angles in a tetrahedral molecule are 90°.

FALSE

Carbon has six valence electrons.

FALSE IT HAS 4

Which of these formulas is the expanded structural formula for an alkane with three carbon atoms?

H H H | | | H-C- C- C-H | | | H H H

Which of the following is true of nonane, C9H20, which has a density of 0.79 g/mL, melts at -51 °C, and boils at 157 °C?

Nonane floats on the surface of water.

Functional groups are groups of atoms that act in predictable ways

TRUE

Isomers have the same molecular formula.

TRUE

Methane has a tetrahedral structure.

TRUE

Mineral oil is a liquid hydrocarbon used as a laxative and lubricant in medical practice.

TRUE

Most organic compounds are flammable.

TRUE

Most prescription drugs are organic molecules.

TRUE

Organic chemistry is the study of the chemistry of carbon compounds.

TRUE

Organic liquids are often lighter than water.

TRUE

Solid alkanes are found on the surface of many fruits and vegetables.

TRUE

The difference in electronegativity between two atoms in a molecule determines the bond polarity.

TRUE

The first four linear alkyl substituent groups are named methyl, ethyl, propyl, and butyl.

TRUE

The products of complete combustion are carbon dioxide and water.

TRUE

There are millions of organic compounds.

TRUE

When naming an alkane, the main chain is the longest continuous carbon chain regardless of bends.

TRUE

Isomers are molecules that share the same formula and have

a different arrangement of atoms within the molecule

The functional group contained in the compound CH3CH2OH is a(n)

alcohol

Identify the functional group in the compound CH3CH2CHO

aldehyde

The functional group contained in the compound CH3CHO is a(n) O || CH3-C-H

aldehyde.

An organic compound composed of carbon and hydrogen connected only by single bonds is an

alkane

What type of compound is CH3-CH2-CH3?

alkane

The functional group contained in the compound CH3CH2CH=CHCH3 is a(n)

alkene

According to the IUPAC convention, alkyl substituents on a hydrocarbon chain should be listed in which order?

alphabetical without considering prefixes

The functional group contained in the compound CH3CH2CONH2 is a(n) O || CH3-CH2-C-NH2

amide

Identify the functional group in the compound CH3CH2N(CH3)2

amine

The functional group contained in the compound CH3CH2NH2 is a(n)

amine

The functional group(s) contained in the compound shown below is (are): IMAGE(CH2NHCH2CH3 w/ a ring attached below, under first C)

an amine and an aromatic

VSEPR theory predicts that simple carbon compounds will form bonds that are

as far apart as possible

In the three-dimensional structure of methane, CH4, the hydrogen atoms attached to a carbon atom are aligned

at the corners of a tetrahedron

What is the name for a four-carbon continuous-chain alkane?

butane

What is the name of CH3-CH2-CH2-CH3?

butane

Organic chemistry is the study of the chemistry of compounds of

carbon

A hydrocarbon contains only the elements

carbon and hydrogen

The functional group contained in the compound CH3CH2COOH is a(n) O || CH3-CH2-C-O-H

carboxylic acid.

The IUPAC name for CH3 -Cl is

chloromethane.

The reaction of butane with oxygen is called

combustion

A formula that shows the arrangement of all bonds in a molecule is called a(n)

complete structural formula

One reason for the very large number of organic compounds (compared to the total number of inorganic compounds) is

constitutional isomerism

What is the name for a ten-carbon continuous-chain alkane?

decane

An alkene is always a carbon compound that contains a __________ bond.

double

The functional group contained in the compound CH3CH2COOCH3 is a(n) O || CH3-CH2-C-O-CH3

ester

The functional group contained in the compound (CH3CH3)2O is a(n)

ether

The functional group contained in the compound CH3-CH2-O-CH2-CH3 is a(n)

ether

What is the name for a two-carbon alkyl group?

ethyl

Hydrocarbons are the primary constituents of

fossil fuels

The special feature that determines the family name and chemical reactivity of the organic compound it is found in is called a(n)

functional group

Organic compounds that are poorly soluble in water behave that way because they are

generally nonpolar.

In a condensed structural formula, each carbon atom is

grouped with its bonded hydrogen atoms.

What type of compound is CH3CH2CH2Cl?

haloalkane

A cycloalkane

has two fewer hydrogen atoms than the corresponding alkane

What is the name for a seven-carbon continuous-chain alkane?

heptane

What is the name of this compound? CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH3

heptane

What is the mame for a six-carbon continuous-chain alkane?

hexane

What is the name of the continuous chain alkane with six carbon atoms?

hexane

Which of the following is NOT typical of most organic compounds?

high melting point

How does a molecule of a vitamin synthesized in the laboratory behave when compared to the behavior of the same vitamin isolated from a natural source (e.g., vitamin C synthesized, compared to vitamin C from rose hips)?

identical in every way

According to the IUPAC convention, alkyl group names should be located _____ of the name of the main chain.

in front

As carbon bonds with atoms of increasingly higher electronegativities, the polarity of the bond

increases

high melting point ~(characteristic of an organic compound or an inorganic compound?)

inorganic

ionic bonds ~(characteristic of an organic compound or an inorganic compound?)

inorganic

What is the name for this three-carbon alkyl group? CH3 - CH - CH 3 |

iso-propyl

Compounds that have the same molecular formula but different arrangements of atoms are called

isomers

What is the name for a one-carbon alkyl substituent?

methyl

In an amine functional group, the central atom is

nitrogen

What is the name for a nine-carbon continuous-chain alkane?

nonane

Generally, a solution of an organic compound in water will be electrically

nonconductive

Carbon tetrachloride has a polar C-Cl bond. What is the overall polarity of the carbon tetrachloride molecule?

nonpolar

In a molecule with a symmetrical arrangement of polar bonds, the overall molecule is

nonpolar

What is the name for an eight-carbon continuous-chain alkane?

octane

covalent bonds ~(characteristic of an organic compound or an inorganic compound?)

organic

flammable ~(characteristic of an organic compound or an inorganic compound?)

organic

insoluble in water ~(characteristic of an organic compound or an inorganic compound?)

organic

What is the IUPAC name for CH3 │ CH2-CH2-CH2-CH3

pentane

What is the name for a five-carbon continuous-chain alkane?

pentane

What is the name of this compound? CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH3

pentane

Identify the functional group in the compound CH3CH2NH2

primary amine

What is the name for a three-carbon saturated alkyl group?

propyl

What is the name of the alkyl group CH3- CH2- CH2- ?

propyl

A functional group is a certain group of atoms that

reacts in a predictable way whenever present.

Which one of the following is NOT an organic substance?

salt, sodium chloride

Identify the functional group in the compound CH3CH2NHCH3

secondary amine

A thiol is a functional group containing

sulfur.

A molecule containing a carbon atom bonded to four chlorine atoms has the shape of a

tetrahedron

According to the IUPAC convention for chemical naming, which part of a hydrocarbon is selected as the main chain for a hydrocarbon chain?

the longest continuous chain, regardless of bends

When drawing a structural formula, the first step is to draw

the main carbon chain.

The functional group contained in the compound CH3CH2SH is a(n)

thiol

The simplest cycloalkane has

three carbon atoms

An alkyne is always a carbon compound that contains a __________ bond.

triple


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