Chemistry Chapter 25 Review

Alpha, beta, and gamma

What are the three types of radiation?

Alpha particle

What nuclear emission has the greatest mass and the least penetrating power?

Gamma radiation

What nuclear emission has the greatest penetrating power?

Gamma

What type of radiation has neither mass nor charge?

Beta particle

Which particle has the least mass?

Remains the same

As a radioactive element emits gamma radiation, the atomic number of the element

Remains the same

As a sample of a radioactive isotope decays, its half life

(1/2)^total time/half life

Formula that allows us to determine how much of a substance is left after a certain length of time

Radioisotope

Isotope that is radioactive because it has an unstable nucleus (too many neutrons)

Balanced

Nuclear equations must be

Different charges and the same mass

Positrons and beta particles have

Transmutation

Process in which unstable isotopes of an element will change into stable isotopes of another

Beta

Radiation in which a fast moving electron is formed by the breaking down of a nucleus in an atom

Alpha

Radiation in which a helium nucleus has been given off from a radioactive source

Gamma

Radiation that is electromagnetic, has no mass and no charge

Fusion reaction

Reaction during which two nuclei combine to produce a nucleus of a heavier mass

Fission reaction

Reaction in which the nuclei of certain isotopes are bombarded with neutrons, splitting each into smaller fragments