Chemistry reading 1.1
Convert 65 miles per hour (mi/h) to units of kilometers per second (km/s). The conversion 1 mile = 1.609 km may be used
0.029 km/s
Which of the following lengths are smaller than 1 m? Select all that apply
1 nm 1 mm
Rank the following units of volume in order of decreasing magnitude, placing the largest volume at the top
1.m^3 2.liter 3.cm^3
Pico
10^-12
Centi
10^-2
Milli
10^-3
Micro
10^-6
Kilo
10^3
Which of the following masses are greater than 1g? Select all that apply
1Mg 1Gg
The SI system is based on ___ fundamental units called base units. All other units are combinations of those fundamental units and are called ___ units.
7; derived
Which of the following are chemical changes? Select all that apply
A candle burns in air and grows steadily shorter A log is burned and produces white ash
A process (rusting) in which there is ___ in the identity of a substance, is called a ___ change.
A change; chemical
Mixture
A combination of two or more substances in variable proportions
Which statement about the three phases of matter is correct?
A liquid will take the shape of its container
Which of the following options correctly describe different types of mixtures? Select all that apply
A mixture of substances that are in different phases is heterogeneous Both homogeneous and heterogeneous mixtures may vary in composition The composition of a homogeneous mixture is the same throughout
Which of the following observations relates to the microscopic world?
A pint of water has sugar dissolved in it but the sugar cannot be seen.
An extensive property is defined as
A property that depends on the amount of substance present
An intensive property is defined as
A property that is independent of sample size
How does a mixture differ from a pure substance? Select all that apply
A pure substance has a fixed composition A mixture is a combination of two or more substances
Compound
A substance comprised of two or more types of atoms in fixed proportions
Which of the following statements correctly describe an element? Select all that apply
An element consists of only one kind of atom An element may consists of two or more of the same atoms bonded together
Which of the following statements is correct? Select all that apply
An element has distinct physical and chemical properties An element cannot be separated into simpler substances by chemical means Elements occur as solids, liquids, and gases
Which statement about element symbols is NOT correct?
An element symbol is always derived from the English name for the element
Which of the following options correctly matches the element symbol with its name? Select all that apply
Cu is the symbol for Copper Ca is the symbol for Calcium The symbol for tin is Sn
Weight
Depends on the local gravitational field
Mass
Does not change with location
Which of the following options correctly describe how to write a symbol for a chemical element? Select all that apply
Each element has its own symbol The first letter if an element symbol is always capitalized The second letter of an elements symbol is always lowercase
Which of the following is an intensive property?
Electrical conductivity of copper
A sample of matter consisting of only one type of atom is called a(n) ___. Select the BEST answer.
Element
A compound consists of two or more different ___ that are chemically bonded together in fixed proportions. A compound can be broken down into simpler substances, a process that involves a(n) ___ change.
Elements or chemical elements Chemical
Mass is an example of an
Extensive property
True or False: There are 10^-3 milligrams per gram
FALSE
Au
Gold
A pure substance ___, with a mixture ____.
Has a fixed composition; consists of two or more substances.
A _____ mixture has the same composition throughout, while a ___ mixture does not.
Homogeneous Heterogeneous
A ___ mixture has the same composition throughout, whereas a ___ mixture does not have a uniform composition.
Homogenous; heterogeneous
The scientific method is a systemic approach to studying our world. Based on the observations we make formulate a(n) ____ and test it by designing a controlled ____. The results or _____ collected in this phase will allow us to design further tests and potentially to formulate models and theories to explain the world around us.
Hypothesis; experiment/procedure; data/information/observation/evidence/findings, or measurements.
Microscopic world
Includes particles that can be visualized with the aid of technology
Macroscopic world
Includes tangible objects that can be measured without the aid of advanced technologhy
Density is an example of an
Inextensive property
The density ___ and boiling point of a liquid observations from the ___ - scopic world, while models of chemical bonding are part of chemical bonding are part of the ____ -scopic world.
Macro Micro
Mg
Magnesium
Mn
Manganese
Which of the following is an extensive property?
Mass
Chemistry is the study of matter, which is commonly defined as anything that has ____ and occupies ____.
Mass; space
Density is defined as the ratio of ___ to ___ for a substance or sample.
Mass; volume
Chemistry is the study of ___ and ___.
Matter; changes matter undergoes
Which of the following statements about metric decimal prefixes are correct? Select all that apply
Mega (M) mega 10^6 Milli (m) means 10^-3 Centi (c) means 10^-2
A solid substance will transition to a liquid at a temperature called the ____ point, while a transition from a liquid to a gas will occur at the ____ point.
Melting; boiling point
Hg
Mercury
The SI unit for length is the ___, while the SI base unit for temperature is the ____.
Meter Kelvin
When water changes from solid to liquid, the H2O particles present in the solid form become H2O particles in the liquid form. During this process there is ___ in the chemical composition of the substance. This is defined as a(n) ____ charge.
No charge; physical
Which of the following are part of the macroscopic world? Select all that apply
Objects that we can see and touch Objects that we can measure directly
Solid
Particles close together and organized
Liquid
Particles close together but not held rigidly in position
Gas
Particles far apart and disorganized
When sugar is dissolved in water, there is no change in the identity of either substance. This process is an example of a(n) ____ change.
Physical
An element is the simplest form of matter that has a unique ___ and chemical properties. An element consists of only one kind of ___.
Physical or physical properties Atom or atoms
A property of a substance that can be measured or observed without changing the substance into another substance is called a(n) ___ property. A property that can only be observed by changing a substance into another substance is called a(n) ___ property.
Physical; chemical
The boiling temperature of hexane (a component of gasoline) is an example of a(n) ___ property. The flash point of hexane (the temperature at which it spontaneously ignites in air) is an example of a(n) ___ property.
Physical; chemical
Data
Pieces of quantitative information collected through observation
Chemical properties
Properties that a substance displays as it transforms into or associates with another substance or substances
chemical properties
Properties that a substance displays as it transforms into or associates with another substance or substances
Physical properties
Properties that can be measured without changing the identity or composition of a substance
The color of a sport drink represents ___ data, whereas the exact amount of food coloring added to the drink represents _____ data.
Qualitative; quantitative
Classify each observation below writing either qualitative in the space provided. The mass of an iron rod ___. The density of ribbing alcohol ____. The color of block of brass ____.
Quantitative Quantitative Qualitative
Variable
Quantity that can have more than a single value; controlled in an experiment
Chemical change
Red bromine liquid is added to colorless Helene and the red color disappears
Physical change
Red food coloring is added to yellow food coloring to give an orange solution
Which of the following mixtures are heterogeneous? Select all that apply
Salad dressing; a cheese omelet
Which of the following units are SI base units? Select all that apply.
Second, meter, kilogram
The SI base unit for time is the ___ while the SI base unit for mass is the ____.
Second; kilogram
Experiment
Set of steps designed to test a hypothesis
Si
Silicon
Ag
Silver
Na
Sodium
S
Sulfur
Which sample of matter below is NOT a mixture?
Table sugar
Select all the intensive properties
Temperature Density
Boiling point
Temperature at which a liquid substance transitions to a gas
Melting point
Temperature at which a soldi substance transitions to a liquid
Hypothesis
Testable proposal made to explain observations or data
Which of the following statements correctly describe the SI base quantities and their units? Select all that apply
The SI unit for length is the meter. The correct abbreviation for kelvin is K.
Chemistry is the study of ___
The changes of matter The properties of substances Matter and its composition
How does a mixture differ from a pure substance? Select all that apply
The composition of a mixture may vary The components of a mixture can be separated by physical means
Which of the following statements correctly describe a chemical change? Select all that apply.
The composition of the substance is altered during a chemical change. The physical properties of the substance are changed during a chemical change.
Which of the following is an example of quantitative data?
The experiment took 2.5 hours
Weight is defined as
The force exerted on an object by the local gravitational field
Which of the following are macroscopic objects or observations?
The person drinking the coffee A coffee mug Brewed coffee inside a coffee mug
Mass is defined as
The quantity of matter in an object
Which of the following statements correctly define SI base units and derived units? Select all that apply
There are seven base units in the SI system All the base units are metric units
Which of the following are physical changes? Select all that apply
Water in the air condenses on the side of a glass Fingernail polish is removed with nail polish remover.
Which of the following options correctly describe physical and chemical properties? Select all that apply
When a chemical property is measured, the substance being observed is converted to a different substance. A physical property can be observed without a chemical reaction
Physical properties
properties that can be observed without changing the identity or composition of a substance
A pure substance that consists of two or more types of atoms is known as a(n) ____
Compound
Which of the following are chemical properties? Select all that apply
Copper reacts with nitric acid Copper turns greenish-blue on exposure to air
Which of the following are elements?
Cu Na
During a chemical change or reaction, a substance is changed into one or more different substances. The ___ composition and the physical ____ of the new substance(s) will be different from those of the original substance.
Chemical; properties
