Chpt 9

Because molybdenum is needed for the function of several enzymes, molybdenum is considered to be a ________.

cofactor

The Adequate Intake for total water intake is ______ cups per day for young adult men and ______ cups per day for young adult women.

15.5, 11

What is the source of most minerals?

N/A

Molybdenum is required for the normal function of which enzymes?

aldehyde oxidase & sulfite oxidase

Enzymes that require manganese function in which of the following processes?

antioxidant activities, wound healing & bone formation

Which of the following minerals may have physiological roles in the body, but since their roles are not clear they have not been classified as essential nutrients?

arsenic & nickel

The body's ability to absorb and use minerals is called _____.

bioavailability

Which of the following are good food sources of calcium?

bok choy, sardines canned in oil with bones, cheese

Examples of diuretics include______.

caffeine, coffee, tea

Which of the following minerals participate in nerve transmission?

calcium, sodium, potassium

The production of hydrochloric acid in the stomach requires the mineral

chloride

Choose the good food sources of magnesium.

chocolate, spinach and green leafy vegetables, whole grains, & beans, nuts, and seeds

One role of which mineral is to associate with several enzymes that act as antioxidants?

copper

Foods that contain milk but are not good sources of calcium include _____.

cottage cheese, sour cream & cream cheese

A substance, such as caffeine, that increases urine production is called_____.

diuretic

Manganese is a component and activator of many ______.

enzymes

Which of the following is a role of sodium in the human body?

fluid balance

Which of the following are good plant sources of iron? Pumpkin seeds, baked beans, whole

grain total cereal

People with osteoporosis______.

have weak bones, suffers more fractures

The protein in red blood cells that transports oxygen to tissues and contains iron is

hemoglobin

Choose the functions of iron.

important in brain development, needed for immune system function, necessary for oxygen transport

Where does water move, if a cell has more sodium ions in the cell than there are in the solution surrounding the cell?

into the cell

In the body, copper is involved in______.

iron metabolism, collagen production, immune function

Fluoride _____ an essential nutrient

is not

Which of the following are vegetarian sources of iron?

kidney beans, mushrooms, whole-grain total cereal

Which of the following is considered a major mineral (needed in quantities of greater than 100mg)?

magnesium

Roles for chloride in the body include _____.

maintaining fluid balance, maintaining acid base balance, nerve transmission

Which of the following is a poor source of iron?

milk

A male has more muscle tissue than a female, therefore he will have _____ fluid in his body.

more

The protein in muscle cells that controls oxygen uptake from red blood cells and contains iron is

myoglobin

When the density and quality of bone is reduced and a person has porous bone, the individual is diagnosed as having

osteoporosis

Much of the zinc in our diet is supplied by the consumption of______.

poultry, red meat

Signs and symptoms of dehydration include _____.

rapid weight loss, coma, fatigue and thirst

Iron is an important component of______.

red blood cells

Which of the following is not a good source of magnesium?

refined grains

Roles for sulfur in the body include being______.

required for enzyme activity, incorporated into antioxidant molecules

When a substance moves from where it is highly concentrated to where it is less concentrated the process is called

simple diffusion

What is the source of most minerals?

soils, natural water, earth's rocks

The roles for fluoride in the body involve the______.

strengthening of bones & teeth

The mineral that is a component of the amino acids, cysteine and methionine is

sulfur

Select the primary function of iodine.

thyroid hormone synthesis

True or false: There is no Upper Level for potassium.

true

Select the food source that provides the most selenium per serving.

tuna

Choose the plant sources that are good sources of iron.

white enriched rice, pumpkin seeds, seedless raisins

Select the food that supplies the highest source of iron.

whole grain total, cereal, 3/4 cup

Is chromium known as an essential trace mineral for humans?

yes