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Activation energy
the threshold energy that must be overcome to produce a
Auto-ionization
the transfer of a proton from one molecule to another of the
Ampere
the unit of measurement for electric current; 1 ampere is equal to 1
Atomic mass (weight)
the weighted average mass of the atoms in a naturally
Atomic radius
half the distance between the atomic nuclei in a molecule
Alkali metal
a Group 1 metal
Alkaline earth metal
a Group 2 metal
Alpha-particle production
a common mode of decay for radioactive nuclides in
Arrhenius concept
a concept postulating that acids produce hydrogen ions in
Alloy steel
a form of steel containing carbon plus metals such as chromium,
Actinide series
a group of fourteen elements following actinium on the periodic
Alpha () particle
a helium nucleus produced in radioactive decay
Anion
a negative ion
Amine
a organic base derived from ammonia in which one or more of the
Aufbau principle
a principle stating that as protons are added one by one to the
Alkane
a saturated hydrocarbon with the general formula CnH2n + 2
Atomic solid
a solid that contains atoms at the lattice points
Amphoteric sunstance
a substance that can behave either as an acid or as a
Alloy
a substance that contains a mixture of elements and has metallic
Acid-base indicator
a substance that marks the end point of an acid-base
Acid
a substance that produces hydrogen ions in aqueous solution; a proton
-Amino acid
an organic acid in which an amino group, a hydrogen atom, and
Aldehyde
an organic compound containing the carbonyl group bonded to at
Alcohol
an organic compound in which the hydroxyl group is a substituent on a
Alkene
an unsaturated hydrocarbon containing a carbon-carbon double bond.
Alkyne
an unsaturated hydrocarbon containing a carbon-carbon triple bond.
Air pollution
contamination of the atmosphere, mainly by the gaseous products
Avogadro's law
equal volumes of gases at the same temperature and pressure
Anode
in a galvanic cell, the electrode at which oxidation occurs
Aromatic hydrocarbon
one of a special class of cyclic unsaturated
Acid rain
rainwater with an acidic pH; a result of air pollution by sulfur dioxide
Atom
the fundamental unit of which elements are composed
Atmosphere
the mixture of gases that surrounds the earth's surface
Avogadro's number
the number of atoms in exactly 12 grams of pure 12C,
Atomic number
the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom; each element
