Circulation

What Anastomosis commonly known as?

a shunt

Where does exchange in the blood take place?

across capillary walls between blood and surrounding tissue

What chemicals require transcytosis fro movement?

albumin, hormones, fatty acids

What is the purpose of a shunt?

allow warm blood to bypass surfaces close to environment, reducing heat loss

What is the purpose of Arterial Anastomosis?

alternate blood supply routes so if one is blocked there is another way

What is a Arteriovenous Anastomosis?

an artery flows directly into vein bypassing capillary beds

What happens to blood flow in the coronary arteries when the ventricles are relaxed?

blood flow increases

What causes Myocardial infarction?

fatty deposits or blood clots that lead to long term lack of blood flow to cardiac muscle

Where are shunts located?

fingers, palms, toes, ears

What is bulk movement of protein free water?

fluid filter out of arterial end of capillary and renters at the venous end

What is another name for Myocardial Infarction?

heart attack

What is the most common circulatory route?

heart, arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, veins

Where are 3 examples of portal systems?

hypothalamus to anterior pituitary, in kidneys, between intestines and liver

Where is the coronary sinus?

in the coronary sulcus

What type of substances do not diffuse?

lipid insoluble

What type of substance diffuse easily?

lipid soluble

What are some of the chemicals that leave the capillary blood?

minerals, Oxygen, Glucose, Amino Acids, Lipids, Antibodies, Hormones

are there more venus anastomoses or more arterial anastomoses?

more venus anastomoses

What is a Arterial Anastomosis?

two arteries merge

What is a portal system?

when blood goes through two capillary networks before retuning to heart

What is Angina Pectoris?

temporary lack of blood flow to cardiac muscle causing chest pain

why Is the blood flowing through the heart chambers not available for exchange with the heart tissue?

that would require simple diffusion and that would take too long

What consists of coronary circulation?

the blood vessels of the heart directly supply heart muscle cells with blood

If fluid movement across capillary walls one direction or both?

both

What are some of the chemicals that enter the capillary blood?

carbon Dioxide, Ammonia, wastes

When bulk movement of protein free water occurs, what is that a result of?

changes in hydrostatic pressure

where are arterial anastomosis found?

coronary circulation and around joints?

Where does the coronary sinus collect blood from?

coronary veins

What is the function of venous anastomosis?

different ways fro blood to leave capillary beds

What is the most important mechanism of capillary exchange?

diffusion

What are the mechanisms of movement across capillary walls?

diffusion, transcytosis, filtration, and reabsorption

What happens during transcytosis for capillary exchange?

endothelial cells pick up material and use a vesicle to release it to the other side

What is a Venous Anastomosis?

one veins empties into another

What is an Anastomoses?

point where two blood vessels merge

What is the function of the coronary sinus?

returns much of the blood from heart tissue to right atrium

what two arteries are the main blood supply for the heart?

right and left coronary artery

When chemicals pass through fenestration or filtration pores what mechanisms of movement are used?

simple diffusion

When chemicals pass through intercellular clefts what mechanisms of movement are used?

simple diffusion

When chemicals pass through endothelial cell plasma membrane which mechanisms of movement are used?

simple diffusion, transcytosis