City of Charleston Tour Guide Test

Ashley Avenue

1st laid out in Harleston Village as Lynch St., named for Thomas Lynch, in 1770 Section N of Calhoun St. called Paine (Payne) after Revolution In 1791, north of Spring St., it was Thomas St. From Line St. to Congress St., it was Legare St. In 1869, it was extended south to Broad St. & later to Tradd St. In 1897, the name Ashley Avenue was given to the whole street

Bee Street

An original Cannonborough street, laid out by 1789 Presumably named for Thomas Bee, an attorney, judge, member of the Revolutionary Council of Safety, SC legislature, Lt. Gov., & delegate to the Continental Congress

85 Calhoun Street

Arch Building Constructed c.1800; renovated c.1850, 1967 Named from wide arched passage thru 1st floor; tradition says it was built for wagon trade, with a wagon yard behind it 1 1/2-story, stuccoed brick building saved during clearing of auditorium site & restored by Historic Charleston Foundation, leasing it for use as Visitor Information Center of Charleston Trident Chamber of Commerce Now houses city's Civic Design Center

125 Bull Street

Avery Research Center for African-American History & Culture Constructed 1867-68 Substantial brick building built as Avery Normal Institute, 1st free secondary school for blacks in city; organized in 1865 by Rev. F.L. Cardozo; constructed by Freedman's Bureau on land bought by American Missionary Association of NYC. Cardozo got $10,000 grant from Avery Fund (named for Rev. Charles Avery of Pittsburgh, philantrophic Methodist minister) to build Operated privately until 1947 when became city public school; merged with Burke High School in 1954; considered as good as city's best public schools; graduates: T.M. Stewart, Liberian Supreme Court justice, Dr. R.S. Wilkinson, president SC State College, & Riohard E. Fields, 1st black in modern times named as Judge of Municipal Court & 2nd black circuit judge Palmer Business School, later Palmer College, opened in 1955 eventually merging with State-run Trident Technical College

55 Ashley Avenue

Baker Hospital Constructed 1912; rehabilitated 1983-84 Built as Baker Sanatorium for $100,000 Founded by Dr. Archibald E. Baker, Sr. & Dr. Lawrence Craig Became a condominium complex (Baker House) in 1981

50 Broad Street

Bank of South Carolina Constructed 1798; earthquake damage & changes 1886; partially restored 1967-68 2-story, T-shaped building on a raised brick basement Facade has a pedimented, slightly projecting center pavilion Organized in 1792 & chartered in 1801 In 1802, Mr. Withers entered a drain & tunneled under the street toward the vaults for 3 months in the "Ground Mole Plot"; he was betrayed by a careless accomplice who brought food Bank was there until 1835; bank's library there until 1914 Collection of the SC Historical Society stored 1875-1914 Chamber of Commerce here 1916-66 Citizens & Southern Bank bought in 1966 City of Charleston bought in 2006 for use as offices

101-09 Bull Street

Bee's Row Constructed 1853-54; partially restored & rehabilitated 1980s Italianate Built between 1849 & 1854 for Sarah Smith During Civil War, William C. Bee & Co. moved stores to row, beyond range of Federal guns; shoppers went to "Bee Block," or "Bee Store," to buy items brought by blockade runners. The Distinguished by its terra cotta pediments, cast iron fences & elaborate interior plasterwork

Atlantic Street

Bef. 1739, Lynch's Lane was laid from Meeting St. to the Cooper River at a width of 12 feet; by 1800 the street, from Church St. to East Battery had been widened to 26 feet In 1837, the street was a uniform width for the 2 blocks & renamed Atlantic Street

1 & 3 Atlantic Street

Benjamin Smith Houses Constructed c. 1830 Both 2-1/2 stories wood with gable roofs Built by Capt. Benjamin Smith, a shipbuilder They differ from the standard by presenting 5 bays to the street, a centered main entrance, no piazzas, & chimneys at the ends of the gable roof #3 was home & studio for artist/preservationist Elizabeth O'Neil Verner 1915-37

267-73 Calhoun Street

Calhoun Securities Row Houses Constructed 1910-12 Victorian Built on filled (early 1900s) Bennett's Mill Pond; Halsey Lumber sold lots Calhoun St side to Calhoun Securities Co. in 1910 267 Calhoun built by Levi C. Boland, traveling salesman; other houses built by Calhoun Securities Co & sold to individuals "Show-off" technology in curve of piazza at 267 with no columnar support at corner & in 2-story bays at 269, 271 & 273 with no visible support Combined in 2006-07 by American Cancer Society

23-31 Ann Street

Camden & Tower Depots Constructed 1849-50 Edward C. Jones, architect Designed for the S.C. Railroad Camden Depot included both freight and passenger depots Tower Depot (23 Ann St. & 36 John St.) was 1-story brick, which was destroyed in earthquake. Included 2 pairs of crenelated Gothic Revival gates (pair on Ann St. still remain) Currently a hub for CARTA and the Charleston Visitors Center

122 Broad Street

Cathedral of St. John the Baptist Constructed c.1890-1907; renovated 1980s; restored 1994-95, addition of steeple 2010 Patterned after German Gothic churches of the 14th century Patrick C. Keely & Decimus C. Barbot, architects Henry L. Cade (died), then Henry Oliver, builders Site of Vauxhall Gardens, a post-Revolutionary "circus" for plays & entertainments Purchased by Bishop John England, 1st of Diocese (SC, NC, & GA then), in 1821; dedicated wooden chapel in 1821 St. Finbar's & St. John's, 1st cathedral, designed by Patrick Charles Keely, Brooklyn-based architect, student of Pugin; constructed 1850-54 & destroyed in the great fire of 1861; fire insurance lapsed thru oversight, before fire, which also destroyed rectory & Seminary Library of 17,000 volumes Congregation worshiped at Hibernian Hall for a time ; in 1869, Pro-Cathedral was built at 105 Queen St., as an interim John McKeegan left $48,832 to start rebuilding of Cathedral; ruins of old one removed to build present one 1890-1907 with same overall form & similar dimensions but different detailing Constructed of CT brownstone, with star-shaped indentations on surface; Keely also designed altars & episcopal throne in interior; stained glass made by Meyer & Company of Munich; gates & fence, which date from the 1850s, of a simple design

80 Broad Street

Charleston City Hall Constructed 1800-04; altered 1839, 1882; repaired 1866, 1898, 1938, 2007 Adamesque Gabriel Manigault, possible construction architect Charles Reichardt, 1839 alteration architect 2nd oldest in continuous use Originally the market until 1760; destroyed by fire June 13, 1796 1800 City Council conveyed land to Bank of US Used as State Bank of SC after Bank of US' charter expired City Council got the building in 1818 & moved offices from the Exchange Building, adding a 2nd floor Moving Council meetings & all records to Orphan House 1863 due to bombardment damage Records lost when both places were looted in 1865; all moved back to City Hall after repairs made Completely gutted & interior rebuilt in 1882 1938 repairs because of a tornado Structural damage from earthquake repaired in 2007

66 Anson Street

Chazal House Constructed c. 1839; rehabilitated 1963 Philadelphia red brick with a Tuscan columned piazza on brick piers & a Greek Revival piazza door screen Built soon after the Fire of 1838 by Elizabeth C. Chazal, widow of Jean Pierre Chazal (captain of a small privateer, the Saucy Jack, which captured 40 British vessels during the War of 1812) Santo Domingo French family came in 1794 after slave insurrections She & her sons bought the lot in 1823 for $1 Her son, Dr. John Phillip Chazal, inherited it; he was the dean of the Medical College of S.C. 1877-82 Conveyed to Historic Charleston Foundation in June, 1960; sold it with the vacant lot 3 years later

Church Street

Church Street, named for the new St. Philip's Church, was one of the regularly laid out streets of the 1672 Grand Modell, extending the length of the town from what is now Cumberland Street to Vanderhorst Creek (present Water Street). Early references call it New Church Street, signifying the removal of St. Philip's from its original site, and in some cases, new Meeting Street, reflecting perhaps the loss of Old Meeting Street due to construction of the city walls, and perhaps the presence of the Baptist Church near it's south end. By 1739, it was known simply as Church Street. By that time, also, Vanderhorst Creek had been bridged and Church Street Continued was cut from Vanderhorst Creek south to Broughton's Battery on White Point

218 Ashley Avenue

Church of the Holy Communion (Episcopal) Constructed 1855; enlarged & remodeled 1871 Edward C. Jones & Francis Lee, architects Congregation organized 1848 in Rev. Nathaniel Bowen's house Commandant of the arsenal was there & offered a room During the Civil War, the parish house was used as a temporary Post Office by Postmaster Alfred Huger After the war, the Washington Light Infantry was organized here Dr. Porter also established the 1st industrial school in the South

114 Broad Street

Col. Thomas Pinckney Jr. House Constructed c. 1830 Distinguished by its portico of 4 columns on arcaded base with curving steps on either side Begun c. 1790 by Ralph Izard, planter, but unfinished at death; still unfinished at death of unmarried daughter who inherited it Sold in 1829 to Col. Thomas Pinckney, who then married Elizabeth Izard, another daughter & they finished it Gen P.G.T. Beauregard's headquarters Aug. - Dec., 1863 Rosetta Ella Pinckney married cousin, Ralph Stead Izard & in 1866 as widow sold to Bishop Lynch, making it Bishop's House

23-25 Chalmers Street

Confederate Courtroom c. 1800; restored 2008 Address is actually rear of Confederate Home on Broad St. Portion of the building to left of open passage housed US District Court 1845-60, when Judge Andrew G. Magrath (pronouced Magraw), following election of Lincoln, took off his robe of office declaring it was better that it not be reopened than to be "desecrated with sacrifices to tyranny."; he did reopen 1 year later to reside over Confederate court, which met until 1865

180 Broad Street

Cooper-O'Connor House Constructed 1850s Greek Revival 3-story wooden house Prison for Union officers during the Civil War In retaliation, Pres. Lincoln moved 600 Confederate prisoners Ft. Deleware to Morris Island, Confederates were bombing Federal bombing hurt every house on block, didn't touch #180 Mayor George Cunningham, former butcher, bought it after war Now condominiums

79 Anson Street

Daniel Legare/Mortimer House Constructed c. 1806 Long believed to be one of the oldest houses in Ansonborough Lot was owned by the Legares 1760s to 1790s Edward Mortimer built the present house Altered in the 1820s or 1830s to improve interior circulation & underwent exterior alterations after the war Purchased with its neighbor (9 George St.) by Historic Charleston Foundation in 2004; sold with protective covenants to preservation-minded buyers

68 Broad Street

Daniel Ravenel House Constructed c. 1800; repaired after earthquake & after Hugo Isaac Mazyck, Huguenot immigrant, bought in 1710 & willed it in 1749 to his daughter, who married Daniel Ravenel of Wantoot Plantation; they built the current home Continues to be occupied by their descendents, making it the city's oldest continuing legacy property

92 Broad Street

David Ramsay House Constructed before 1750; altered c. 1816 Georgian interior Believed built 1740 by Solomon Legare or daughter, Mary (Mrs. Thomas Ellis) Dr. David Ramsay, from PA, purchased it in 1783 He moved to SC in 1773, & married Martha Laurens, who served as political hostess to her father, Henry Laurens, President of the Continental Congress Dr. Ramsay in General Assembly 1776-81 He was exiled to St. Augustine after capture city's fall in 1780 Served in Continental Congress 1782-85 (pres. pro tempore); state senator 1801-15 (pres.) Best known historian & author then; wrote 5 major histories Shot by a deranged patient in 1815

56 Bull Street

Denmark Vesey House Constructed 1820-60 Greek Revival 1-story frame Freedman's cottage Said to be home of Vesey c. 1821-22 A native of the West Indies, he came as a slave, but bought freedom in 1800 with lottery $, then was prosperous carpenter Alleged leader of slave rebellion in 1822; hung with 34 slaves 4 white men were imprisoned; few black churches closed Accused of writing Santo Domingan black revolutionaries & enlisting 6,000 blacks into the plot National Historic Landmark

98 Broad Street

Dr. Henry Frost Surgery Constructed c.1835 (front portion), c.1800-10 (rear); renovated c.1835; rear demolished late 1990s Greek Revival front; Adam woodwork 1st floor from Belvedere (c.1800 plantation of Col. Thomas Shubrick on Neck) Dr. Henry Frost built front as office; rear looks older & may be outbuilding to Dr. Alexander Garden's house (gardenia named for prominent naturalist & Tory) at 98 & 100 Broad St. He abandoned the property when British evacuated Charles Town in 1782; son, Maj. Alexander Garden, Patriot, had his claim recognized by General Assembly. Purchased by Standard Oil Co. in 1925 & demolished. Dr. William Horlbeck Frampton, Standard Oil's doctor, rescued woodwork from plantation house & installed in his office here, his residence at 40 Rutledge Ave., & in his home at 98 King St. Outbuilding razed in 1990s to make room for courthouse annex Now Gaulart & Malicent Cafe (Fast & French)

30 Anson Street

Edward McCrady House Constructed c. 1848 Greek Revival single house Jane Johnson McCrady built after the original house was destroyed by Fire of 1838 She gave it to her eldest child, Edward, who kept it until 1856 Edward McCrady was an attorney, Yale graduate, signer of the Ordinance of Secession, a U.S. District Attorney for 11 years, and a S.C. legislator 1st opposed Nullification doctrine; voted for secession in 1860 Best remembered for defending black soldiers captured during the war and as the author of The History of South Carolina in the Revolution, 1780-1783

110 Calhoun Street

Emanuel African Methodist Episcopal Church Constructed 1891 Henry Zacharias, builder Original congregation of Emanuel African Methodist Episcopal Church, free blacks & slaves, organized in 1791 as Free African Society, which built church in vicinity of Hanover & Amherst streets; Congregation joined in 1818 with African Methodist Episcopal Church & name changed to Bethel Circuit Morris Brown, free black preacher, led movement here to organize black Methodists into independent organization Bethel Circuit, in 1818, had 1,000 members Denmark Vesey plot discovered in 1822 so it was investigated as Vesey was founder; burned as a result of this; rebuilt & used til 1834, when law closed all black churches Morris Brown found innocent of any connection with plot, but pushed into leaving state & went to Philadelphia; congregation met in secret til 1865, when it was formally reorganized

39 Broad Street

Exchange Bank and Trust Company Building Constructed c. 1891 Richardsonian Romanesque Facade of rusticated sandstone & granite Charles Otto Witte, bank president, came from Germany in 1847, going into banking after the Civil War He was Consul for German governments (Hamburg, North German Federation, & the German Empire) for 50 years Consul for Austria-Hungary & Vice Consul Sweden & Norway Knighted in 1907 by German emperor & decorated by Austrian emperor & Swedish king He lived at 172 Rutledge Ave, now Ashley Hall

99 Bull Street

Francis Warrington Dawson House Constructed c.1854; altered c.1887; rehabilitated 1984 Home of Capt. Warrington Dawson, British-born editor of News & Courier, honored by Pope for his edltorials against dueling & credited with coining the New South slogan, "Bring the mills to the cotton"; promoted "fusion" during Reconstruction, urging whites to elect qualified Republicans rather than boycott polls; shot to death in 1889 by Dr. Thomas B. McDow during an argument over Dr. McDow's alleged inappropriate attention to young Frenchwoman in Dawson's employ. Front of house altered after severe damage in earthquake; interior contains mixture of woodwork typical of 1840s & 1890s

4 Archdale Street

Gage Hall Constructed 1892 Victorian Presented to Unitarian Church by Alva Gage, merchant, in 1893 Designed as an assembly room with living quarters for the minster upstairs

77 Calhoun Street

Gaillard Municipal Auditorium Constructed 1966-68 Lucas & Stubbs, architect McDivett & Street of Charlotte, builders Built by city, dedicated in 1966; later renamed Gaillard Auditorium, for former Mayor J. Palmer Gaillard; occupies l2-acre site between Alexander & Anson Streets & George St was extended westward from Anson to East Bay where Minority Street formerly intersected East Bay. Cost of $5,500,000, including land & buildings Main part of auditorium seats more than 2,700; Exhibition Hall 14,000 square ft & holds 1,500 banquet style; designed so separate events can happen simultaneously in auditorium & hall Currently being renovated

39 Church Street

George Eveleigh House was built c. 1743, when Eveleigh purchased the site. ln 1753 he ordered the sale of "the dwelling House on White Point late in my own occupation." The two and one-half story stuccoed brick house is built of small, possibly imported brick and has an asymmetrical floor plan typical of early local houses. The interior has wide cypress board paneling in the Georgian style. The drawing room, which extends across the front of the house, has an Adamesque mantel from the Nathanie Heyward House, c. 1788, which stood at East Bay and Society streets. Eveleigh's lot formerly extended to Meeting St., and a subsequent owner built the house at 34 Meeting St. The lot remained undivided until 1795, when this part was sold to Dr. John Lewis Polony, a Santo Domingan refugee, and a naturalist and chemist who corresponded with leading European scientists and was a member of several European literary societies. The house formerly had a secret stair leading from a cupboard in the drawing room to a closet in the room below. The house was unroofed by a tornado in 1811, which lifted a 30 foot beam, carried it a quarter of a mile and drove it into the roof of a King Street house

8 Chalmers Street

German Fire Steam Engine Company Constructed 1851; rehabilitated 1981 Romanesque Revival Edward C. Jones, architect Built as engine house for Deutschen Feuer Compagnie (German Fire Company), 1 of many companies organized after great fire of 1838 which made need of more efficient fire-fighting system more apparent Replaced smaller structure built soon after company organized In use as engine house until 1888, when fire station at Meeting & Wentworth streets was done; then a meeting hall, first for Carolina Light lnfantry then for several black fraternal lodges. ln 1982 rehabilitated as law office; good example adaptive reuse

29 Chalmers Street

German Friendly Society Constructed c. 1829 Founded in 1766, formerly had a hall on Archdale St, & re-located here 1942 Limited to 175 members, but society doesn't restrict membership to persons of German ancestry Portraits of past officers, some distinguished Patriots of Revolution, line the walls of hall, & Society has museum of artifacts of 250 year history; Arion Society, another German fraternal organization, also meets here After the War, it was headquarters of Carolina Art Association

13-25 Anson Street

Goldsmith's Row Constructed 1894; rehabilitated 1980s After 1788: a distillery, a cotton press, & a small flour mill In 1894, Isaac A. Goldsmith, a dentist, industrialist, & real estate investor, built a group of 7 single houses as tenements Rare example of late 1800s housing development by 1 investor

69 Barre Street

Gov. Thomas Bennett House Constructed c. 1881; restored 1988 Regency interior woodwork & plasterwork Bennett built on land inherited from his father, Thomas Bennett, Sr., who operated a large lumber mill with Daniel Cannon, then later with his son, Thomas Bennett, Jr., who later turned it over to his son-in-law, Jonathan Lucas III In 1847, he was active in rice milling, building Bennett's Mill by the Cooper River He was also active in banking and politics: SC rep (1804-6, 1808-10, 1812-18); Speaker of the House (1814-18); SC senator (1819-20); Governor (1820-22); mayor (1812-14) 2-1/2 story brick on a raised stucco basement South piazza has fanlighted entrance & unfluted Roman Doric columns Sold to E.L. Halsey late 1800s & to Roper Foundation in 1988

121 Calhoun Street

Harleston-Boags Funeral Home Constructed 1914 Edwin G. Harleston, black rice planter & sea captain, entered undertaking business in 1901; Harleston Brothers originally located on Meeting St. 2nd floor has large hall for meetings, receptions, & entertainments; 1st floor has 150-person chapel

88 Broad Street

Hebrew Orphanage Constructed c. 1810 William Trescott built & rented it to the Bank of the State of SC, which moved to 19 Broad St. in 1817 Hebrew Orphan Society bought 1833 for meeting hall & school Housed children with families except for a brief period in 1860s Congregation of Beth Elohim met 1838-40 after a fire destroyed the synagogue on Hasell St.

51 Bull Street

Holy Trinity Reformed Episcopal Church Constructed c. 1880 Wellers & Gleason, contractors Black members left Protestant Episcopal Church & were admitted into Reformed Episcopal Church in 1874 In 1875, they organized until this name; acquired lot in 1876 Building completed in 3 weeks for $1000 Cornerstone laid by Rt. Rev. Peter Fayssoux Stevens, 1st bishop of the Reformed Episcopal Church in SC

12 Bull Street

Hugh P. Cameron House Constructed c. 1851; altered 1890s Interior remodeled in Colonial Revival in 1890s Built by crockery merchant, Hugh P. Cameron Unusual floor plan - 2 front parlors, small room, & stair hall in the rear with an entrance in a pavilion on the east side David Bentschner, subsequent owner, has initials in gate C of C bought in 1972 as faculty housing; currently the Albert Simons, Jr. Center for Historic Preservation

Adger's Wharf

Infilled land east of East Bay Street Originally owned by Robert Tradd, 1st English child born in S.C. Bought by James Adger & Co. in the 1830s and 40s Southern terminus of the 1st steamship line to New York Now incorporated into Waterfront Park

38 Chalmers Street

Jane Wightman House Constructed c. 1844; restored 1927 Georgian & Federal detailed added at restoration Albert Simons, restoration architect Small 2 1/2-story brick house built for Jane Wightman, free black woman, also owned 36 Chalmers Birth place of artist Elizabeth O'Neill Verner in 1883; home of Laura M. Bragg (1881-1978) director of Charleston Museum, founder of Free Library & Poetry Society of SC; visited by Gertrude Stein, Carson McCullers, DuBose Heyward

106 Broad Street

John Lining House Constructed bef. 1715; additions 1900s; restored 1972 Long claimed to being oldest frame structure in city, but age & naming continue to perplex historians Lot 160 of Grand Modell, granted to James DeBordeaux (Huguenot) in 1694; House 1st in a deed l715 when William Livingston & wife Ann sold to William Harvey, Jr., butcher, with house rented to David Balantine before he died & then to Harvey; sold the property in 1828 to Charles & Elizabeth Hill, parents of Sarah Lining, wife of Dr. John Lining; Charles Hill died after 1734, leaving it to wife, who in 1747, married Rev. Samuel Quincy; she died in 1757 & left it to Sarah Lining; on March 5, 1757, Quincy gave a quit claim to Linings & they sold to John Rattray same day Lining's homes & science locations not documented; in 1733, he advertised address as Broad St. "opposite Mr. Crokatt's," & later as some other place in Broad; Dr. Lining owned, from 1739, 2 tenements on East Bay, but not on Broad; their living with the Hills also remains undocumented Dr. John Lining (1708-1760), of Scotland, came at 22, began in 1737 1st weather observations with scientific instruments & systematically reported, in N America; conducted on himself experiments in human metabolism for 1st time (1740); wrote to Benjamin Franklin about electricity & did kite & key experiment here; studied yellow fever & wrote 1 of 1st published accounts of it in North America in Transactions of the Royal Society of London, & in Gentleman's Magazine ln 1786, bought by Ann Timothy, publisher of the Gazette, founded 1731 by Thomas Whitmarsh, protege of Ben Franklin; Lewis Timothee, Huguenot & Franklin protege, replaced him in 1734; widow Elizabeth in 1738, with help of son, Peter, continued it as 1st woman editor & publisher in America; Peter Timothy & wife, former Ann Donovan, made SC Gazette major Patriot organ until stopped during British occupation, 1780-83 when Ann revived it as Gazette of the State of SC; after her death in 1793 it continued by son, Benjamin Franklin Timothy until 1802; during Timothy ownership, paper published here. Occupied by apothecary Dr. Andrew Turnbull, between arrival in Charles Town in 1781 & death in 1792, 1st of series of drug stores here & at Schwettman's, closing in 1960, apothecary shop interior moved to Charleston Museum; Dr. Turnbull founded Greek colony, New Smyrna, in East FL & refused to renounce loyalty to Crown, but stayed in SC after British evacuation in 1783; wife Maria Garcia, a native of Smyrna, is believed to be 1st Greek resident. Preservation Society of Charleston bought & restored it in 1961

116 Broad Street

John Rutledge House Constructed c.1763; altered c.1853, 1890; rehabilitated 1988-89 P. H. Hammerskold, architect of 1853 remodel & Gothic kitchen Christopher Werner, probable 1853 ironworker (favorite motifs used - palmetto tree & eagle) Tradition is he built it for his 19-year old bride, Elizabeth Grimke Sold it in 1790 Member of SC Assembly, Stamp Act Congress, Continental Congress, & US Constitutional Convention; SC Pres. (Dictator) 1776-78; SC Gov. 1779-82; SC Chief Justice & Assoc. Justice of US Supreme Court; Served term as US Chief Justice while not confirmed by Senate Buried in St. Michael's Church Bought by Patriot, Gen. John McPherson,1 of a few horse breeders credited w/ keeping high standards breeding & racing Sold in 1836 to Bishop England; sold in 1843 following his death Bought by Thomas Norman Gadsden, real estate broker & slave trader, in 1853 Large 2nd floor drawing room used for US Courts after the war Arthur Barnwell bought in 1885 & remodeled, adding 8 Italian marble mantlepieces & parquetry floors of 3 types wood, copied from European palaces, taking 8 years to install Mayor Robert Goodwyn Rhett bought in 1902; Pres. Taft visited several times; traditionally where their butler, William Deas, invented she-crab soup 1 of 15 Constitution signers houses to survive; only 1 an inn National Historic Landmark in 1971

286 Calhoun Street

Jonathan Lucas House Constructed between 1803 & 1809 Adam Elaborate main entrance with elliptical fanlight; 3-story on high basement; top floor rebuilt to 1859-60 after fire Jonathan Lucas, Jr. (born in England) purchased site in 1803 & was listed in directory 1809 Son of Jonathan Lucas, Sr. English millwright, coming after Revolution; built 1st water-powered & tide-powered rice mills on some Santee River plantation 1787-92; Jr. established 1st toll mill in 1801 at Middleburg Plantation Bought 83-1/2 acres & built house & rice mills; in 1817 he & John Norton 1st used steam power rice milling on Lucas (now Barre) St at foot of Mill (now Sabin) St; in 1808 & 1819, he got Federal patents for improved hulling & polishing of rice; about 1822, England asked him to develop rice milling techniques Son, Jonathan Lucas, III, inherited house & mills in 1830s; heir, Edward S. Lucas, sold house & mills to David Jennings, banker, in 1867; city bought in 1887 City Hospital built at Calhoun & Lucas (now Barre) streets 1887-88; house made part of hospital as Riverside Infirmary for private patients in 1893; City Hospital replaced by Roper in 1904 Thompson Memorial Hospital built 1921 & Riverside Infirmary became R.A. Kinloch Home for Nurses; Roper rebuilt on former mill in 1946, demolishing old hospital Now owned by MUSC (Roper)

85-87 Broad Street

Josiah Smith Tenement Constructed 1795; gutted in a fire & restored 1977 Chas grey brick laid Flemish bond w/ proportions of the Adam Josiah Smith built #85 for his son, William Stevens Smith, attorney, and #87 for his son, Samuel Smith, a factor George Alfred Trenholm, treasurer of CSA & blockade runner, bought #85 from W. S. Smith's heirs; Dr. William Huger bought #87 from Samuel Smith's heirs in 1859, maintaining his practice there until 1878 Simon Fogartie, grocer, combined the 2 houses in 1878-79; his family kept it until 1919 Became part of the courthouse annex in the 1980s

Anson Street

Laid out in 1745-46 as part of Ansonborough Originally between George & Centurion (now part of Society St) By city ordinance, in 1805, Charles, Quince, & Scarborough became part of Anson Street

117 Broad Street

Laurens-Rutledge (Edward Rutledge) House Constructed c. 1760; altered c. 1885-90, 1935 Victorian added 1885; remodeled Colonial Revival 1935 Miller of Miller & Fullerton builders, possible contractor Large 2-story wooden house on high brick basement Built by James Laurens on Broad St's end of Orange Garden Brother of Henry Laurens, Pres. of Continental Congress James Laurens died in France near end of Revolution Sold in 1788 to Edward Rutledge, younger brother of John Rutledge, signer of Declaration of Independence, delegate of Continental Congress, & a captain of artillery during Revolution Captured in 1780 & deported to St. Augustine 1st a Federalist, then Republican; SC Governor 1798 Introduced bill in SC Assembly that abolished primogeniture Offered & declined Fed judgeship by Pres. Washington 1790 Died 1800, buried opposite south door of St. Philip's; stone doesn't mention Declaration of Independence Capt. Frederick W. Wagener, grocer & horse breeder, bought 1885 & expanded; Pres. SC Interstate & West Indian Exposition Dr. Josiah Smith bought 1935 Bought by Bishop Unterkoefler in 1965 for convent Now Bed & Breakfast National Historic Landmark 1971

80 Alexander Street

Liberty Tree Marker Christopher Gadsden 1st for for colonial independence here under a live oak tree Led a group called the "Sons of Liberty" British cut down the tree & burned the stump to prevent its becoming a Patriot shrine during the 1780-82 occupation Judge William Johnson retrieved the root and had it made into cane heads, one of which was given to Thomas Jefferson

Chalmers Street

Longest remaining cobblestone street Union (now State) St to Church St was Union Alley; after Dr. Lionel Chalmers (1715-1777), a Scot, bought house on it in 1757, was called Chalmers Alley; he studied medicine at University of Edinburgh before settling in SC where he became leading doctor & was associated with Dr. Lining (see 106 Broad); recorded weather observations & published in London in 1776; work on tetanus published in Transactions of the Medical Society of London (1754) & Essay on Fevers published in Charles Town (1767); wrote with leading European scientists, as did Lining & Dr. Alexander Garden; Chalmers' house on N side of alley destroyed by great fire of 1778 Church St to Meeting was Beresford Alley, named for Richard Beresford, Wando River planter in 1715 left his large estate for free school; fund still provides scholarships for needy students 40 years after Revolution, 2 alleys were widened, paved & merged into 1 street under name Chalmers Street

82 Anson Street

Mary Smith House Constructed c. 1799; moved to its present location from 88 Anson St. in 1967; restored 1973 Josiah Smith, merchant, built for his daughter, Mary Smith, who died in 1832; she left it to her nieces & nephews, who deeded it to her sister, Ann Smith Tennent It was sold in 1869 Bought by Historic Chas Foundation in 1967 when Gaillard Auditorium was built; moved at 2 ft/hr 100 ft to location now They restored & added piazza from Blake House at 321 E. Bay

22 Beaufain Street

Memminger Auditorium Constructed 1938; renovated 2008 Albert Simmons, architect Inspired by Robert Mills Built by the WPA originally as a multi-purpose auditorium & gym for Memminger High School, the city's premiere girls' public high school 1850s-1950s Reopened in 2008 after a renovation by the city & Spoleto USA, having been closed since Hugo

153 Alexander Street

Memorial Missionary Baptist Church Constructed c. 1886; renovated mid-1970s Black members of First Baptist Church purchased this site for a burial ground in 1818 After the war, black Baptists separated amicably from First Baptist Church's white congregation and in 1868 the burial site was transferred to them A new congregation was formed in 1886 & present building built

96 Broad Street

Meyer-Peace House Constructed 1783-94; altered c. 1802, 1830, 1956; moved to present location Dec. 1998 3-story, stuccoed brick house Originally a sugar house at 8 Courthouse Square; moved to Broad St. in the late 1990s to make room for courthouse annex at 1ft/minute for $671,000 Built by Philip Meyer, patriot, or his widow, Mary Inherited by granddaughter, Mary Rudhall Peace, 1800; her husband, Joseph, had his law office in their house until 1807

119 Broad Street

Morton Waring House Constructed 1803-07; renovated c. 1890-1900 Adamesque Morton Waring, factor, bought from Ann Middleton in 1803 Embargo Acts of Jefferson's administration hurt Waring, who split lot into 3, selling 2 to the Freemason's Hall Co. Sold 3rd lot with this house in 1811 to Mordecai Cohen, who came as a poor Polish peddler becoming a merchant, real estate broker, & banker Loaned his gold dinner service for Lafayette dinner in 1825 By 1830 Cohen 2nd wealthiest man in SC; lost most of his $ in Fire of 1838 John L. Hedley bought 1844 & sold 1851 to William B. Smith, factor & merchant, whose daughter married I.K. Heyward, who faced the street front in marble c. 1900 Bought in 1957 by Diocese of Charleston for offices

Archdale Street

Named for John Archdale, a Quaker who was Governor of the Province of Carolina, 1695-96 From the 19th century well into the 20th century, this neighborhood was known as a "red light" brothel district

Calhoun Street

Named for John C. Calhoun, the "Great Nullifier" After Revolution, eastern portion of street was Boundary St, marking northern extent of city; area above Boundary was known as Charleston Neck; West of King Street was called Manigault St, for Peter Manigault, speaker of the House; Calhoun St after city limit extended to Mt. Pleasant St in 1849

Chapel Street

Named for chapel (apparently never built) which had a lot at NE corner of Chapel & Elizabeth streets set aside in plan of Wraggborough Later, chapel built on triangle at street's western, in 1858; Used by congregation of St. Luke's Episcopal Church while their church (now New Tabernacle 4th Baptist Church, 22 Elizabeth St.) was being built; tradition that street named for this chapel untrue, as name of street predated building Chapel used by St. Mark's Episcopal congregation, until church on Thomas St was built; building demolished in 1884

56-58 Broad Street

National Freedman's Savings Bank Constructed c. 1800 & c. 1798, respectively; altered 1890 Double building built in 2 stages by John Geddes, an attorney, Republican, Speaker of the House, & Governor (1818-20) Geddes & son were "damned" by Edward P. Simons in 1823 campaign; Simons killed & young Geddes shot thru both thighs #58 was the Freedman's Bank (for blacks) 1869-74

14 Chapel Street

Northeastern Rail Road Company Depot Constructed 1865-66 Built in 1865-66 to replace earlier depot, blown up during Confederate evacuation of city, Feb. l8, 1865; depot filled with gunpowder and other stuff that had to be left behind; people from the area rushed in to help themselves; nearby some cotton was burning; some small boys found gunpowder would make a blaze with lots of smoke when thrown on the fire & carried handfuls from the depot, where it was stored, to the cotton; powder trickling through their fingers left a trail back to the depot; it was ignited & entire depot was blown up, along with about 150 people. Houses near depot also caught fire, adding to the chaos Currently a restaurant

222 Calhoun Street

Old Bethel Methodist Church Constructed 1797-98; moved from Pitt & Calhoun Streets 1880 Oldest Methodist church building in Lowcountry & possibly SC; 3rd oldest building in city-St. Michaels 1751-61 & Unitarian 1770 Originally stood on SW corner of Pitt & Calhoun & a plain meeting house with simple rectangle plan finished with classic cornice & front & rear gables Moved in 1852 to W end of church grounds, where black members used after current church built; in 1880 given to black members & rolled across Calhoun St to present place Portico with 4 fluted columns (modified Tower of Winds type capitals) added after move It's said present pulpit used by Francis Asbury, 1st Methodist bishop in US, on visit to Charleston in 1798

19 Broad Street

Old News & Courier Building Constructed c. 1817; remodeled with new facade c. 1840 Possible Nathaniel F. Potter, architect of 1840 remodel Merchant Andrew Kerr built it in 1794 Bank of the State of SC here 1817-38 South Western Railroad Bank c.1840, adding granite facade Pieces of top of facade, several tons each, fell in earthquake about 45 ft to ground, breaking water mains underground By 1886, owned by News & Courier, Chas's oldest newspaper The paper was founded in 1803 as the Charleston Courier & merged in 1872 with The News, founded in 1866; it merged with the Evening Post in 1992 to become The Post & Courier It became a major advocate of New South industrialism Now retail space

84 Broad Street

Old SC Statehouse and Charleston County Courthouse Constructed 1753; rehabilitated after fire 1788-92; additions & renovations 1883, 1921, 1940, 1968; restoration 1997-2000 Began as South Carolina's first statehouse Many major announcements made from the Meeting St. balcony, including the Declaration of Independence 1st read State legislature voted in 1786 to move the capital to Columbia Suspiciously burned 1788 just before Ratification Convention Became the County Courthouse after interior walls were rebuilt & a 3rd floor added Closed after Hugo; reopening in 2001 after restoration to 1792 One of the oldest working courthouses in US

6 Chalmers Street

Old Slave Mart Constructed c. 1859; rebuilt 1870s In 1856 city law prohibited sale of slaves on N side of Custom House, a tradition since 18th century because auction sales blocked East Bay St; public sales resulted in opening of sales rooms, yards & marts along Chalmers, State & Queen Sts; "Ryan's Mart" utilized 4-story brick double tenement on Queen St, with yard going to Chalmers St; contained "barracoon" (Portuguese for slave jail), Ryan's offices & sales rooms; auctions held in rear yard on Chalmers St In 1859, Z.B Oakes, auction master, purchased & received permission from City to put brick trusses in wall of German Fire Hall supporting roof timbers for shed; 1-story shed given impressive facade with octagonal pillars (similar to Fire Hall next door) & high arch enclosed by large iron gate with word "MART" in large gilt letters & gilt star About 1878, building converted to 2-story tenement by filling in arch * inserting 2nd floor under new roof; in 1938, purchased by Miriam B. Wilson, opened it as museum of African & Afro-American arts, crafts & history Now museum owned by city

Alexander Street

Originally from Boundary St. (Calhoun) to Chapel St. Laid as a part of Mazyckborough in 1786, named for developer, Alexander Mazyck East end of Judith St., in Wraggsborough, became part of Alexander St. in the 1880s Middle St., in Middlesex, became part of Alexander St. in 1903 Gaillard Auditorium interrupts the street

18 Broad Street

People's Building Constructed 1910-11 Victor Frohling, architect Hadden Construction Co. 1st 2 floors faced with Winnsboro granite; upper floors are yellow (buff) brick & terra cotta Made of concrete & steel, rated fireproof; steam heated Pres. Taft said he didn't think it would ruin the skyline, but it it did the view would make it worth it Ugliest Building in Charleston - my opinion Charleston's 1st "skyscraper" Pile driving during construction so weakened a nearby historic home that the company had to buy it Project was organized by R. Goodwyn Rhett, mayor & president of the People's National Bank Opening 1911, people came just to ride steel frame elevators Bank closed in 1936; bought by Southeastern Securities, whose president, Charles L. Mullaly, put in marble leopards, which were saved from removal in 1990 by the BAR In 2011, 1 leopard was vandalized & completely destroyed Limited # of residences are allowed above 4th floor

19 Archdale Street

Philip Porcher House Constructed c.1773; renovated w/ additions c.1835; restored 1980-81, 1986-87 Georgian originally; Regency after 1835 Philip Porcher (Por-shay), a planter in St. Stephen's Parish, Santee, was a Patriot at the beginning of the Revolution Became a Tory when the British occupied in 1780 Real Estate confiscated by SC, but returned when influential friends testified to his good character His wife, Mary, was a daughter of Isaac Mazyck II, acquired the lot in 1865, which her grandfather had originally owned Augustus Theodore Gaillard bought it in 1835 and renovated it

30 1/2 Blake Street

Philip Simmon's House & Workshop Standing-seam tin Quonset hut Born in 1912 on Daniel Island, he came to Charleston at 8, apprenticed to a master blacksmith, who was a former slave He originally made carriage wheels, but switched to ornamental ironwork when there were more cars By 1940s, he was creating some the most beautiful work in city In 2007, the workshop was listed on the 11 Most Endangered Properties in America to get it long-term preservation and is now open to the public Simmons died June 22, 2009 Philip Simmons Foundation set up 1991 to develop & maintain a contemplative garden in his honor & preserve his legacy

Beaufain Street

Platted as part of Harleston Village in 1770; followed the north line of the Grand Model & the Mazyck Lands, which was also the south boundary of the Glebe Lands & the Harleston lands Named for Hector Berenger de Beaufain, a French Hugenot who came to SC in 1735 Member St. Andrews Society, His Majesty's Council, Collector of Customs 24 years, & a founder of the Chas Library Society Buried in St. Philip's churchyard

43-47 Broad Street

Plenge Haberdashery Constructed c. 1855; renovated c. 1870 Built by Charles Love & Conrad M. Wienges, saddlers & harness makers Sold to Charles Plenge in 1870 who painted the Hat Man in the late 19th century; current Hat Man is a touch-up of the original

2 Amherst Street

Presqu'ile (Presk-eel) - French for Peninsula Constructed c. 1802-08; Adamesque The house was built on a finger of high land jutting into marsh Jacob Besler, attorney and state senator 1812-15, built it Interior is carved wood and a spiral staircase Acquired by Henry Grimke, brother of Sarah and Angelina Grimke (famous abolitionists), in 1840 He added square, 3-story wing in Greek Revival at the rear

221 Calhoun Street

Richard Holloway Tenement Constructed c. 1814 Richard Holloway, master carpenter & leader of Charleston's free black community, built 2-1/2 story wooden house after buying site in 1814, as investment; Holloway also built house around corner at 96 Smith St., similar in style & construction Unusual feature of the 2 houses is piazza under main roof Early deed refers to school house in rear

16 Charlotte Street

Robert Martin House Constructed 1834-35; renovated 1996 3-story brick double house on high brick basement, fluted Doric columns on the piazza, curving outside steps & fine interior plasterwork & woodwork Built by Robert Martin, successful merchant in "wagon-yard" trade; wagon-yards located mainly on upper King St where drivers from state's interior exchanged country products for store goods Bathtub in basement, 7 ft long, 3 ft wide & 2 ft deep & carved from 1 block of Winnsboro granite, was, according to tradition, 1st stationary bathtub in city

20 Charlotte Street

Robert Martin also built this fine Greek mansion, as a wedding gift for his daughter, Ellen Daniel Martin, who married her second cousin, Joseph Daniel Aiken, in 1848. Aiken, a Winnsboro native, was an attorney before the Civil War. During the Civil War he was lieutenant with the Third S.C. Cavalry. After the war he was a cotton factor and agent for a line of steamers to Florida. Martin was also an amateur painter, sculptor and architect, and may have designed this house. lt has also been attributed to Edward C. Jones, to Russel Warren and to James M. Curtis. The house is sophisticated in plan and detail, and has an unpedimented portico with giant order columns of a Corinthian order, and an ltalianate loggia on the west side. The interior has a circular stair, black marble mantels and restrained decoration in the Greek Revival style. The house remained i the Aiken family until 1889, when it became the home o W.H. Shingler, a cotton and naval stores factor and commission merchant. The house was the birthplace of William Martin Aiken (son of Joseph D. Aiken and Ellen D Martin) , supervising architect of the U.S. Treasury Department, who designed Federal buildings throughout the nation and in Charleston designed the Williams Bandstand on The Battery, and the second Roper Hospital at Barre and Calhoun streets (now demolished)

11 Broad Street

S. G. Courtenay & Co. Bookstore Building Constructed 1856; altered early-1900s; rehabilitated 1985 Italianate Edward B White, architect; David Lopez, contractor Brownstone facade by W. G. Chave of New York It is said William Gilmore Simms, our famed poet, novelist & editor, wrote portions of his novels on their counters as he was writing them in installments for the Southern Literary Gazette In 1912, the E. H. Robertson Cigar Co. located here In 1941, after remodeling, it reopened as Robertson's Cafeteria, where political & business leaders met Currently law offices & an art gallery

32-40 Ann Street

S.C. Rail Road Company Freight Depot Cast iron keystones of each arch over the doorways of this former warehouse contains a palmetto tree under the encircling initials "S.C.R.R." with the date 1857 beneath Curved roof line, brick pilasters, rose windows in the gable ends Similar in style and construction to the freight depot on John St. Currently the Music Farm & Charleston School of Law

71 Broad Street

Schachte Building (site of Mansion House Hotel) Mansion House constructed 1772, dismantled 1928; Schachte Building constructed 1930 William Burrows, attorney who owned Magnolia Umbra Plantation (site of St. Lawrence & Magnolia cemeteries) built 3 1/2 story house His heirs sold it to Postmaster Thomas Hall in 1784 Free black man, Jehu Jones, bought it in 1815 & opened Jones Hotel; Jones' son, Edward, was the 1st black American to graduate Amherst College (MA) Jane Davis rented it in 1852 renaming the hotel Mansion House Bought 1928, dismantled & rebuilt on the Ashley River; in storage til 1959 when drawing room put in Winterthur Museum Henry Schachte & Sons Insurance built current building, which is now the parish office of St. Michael's

16 Broad Street

Second Bank of the United States Building Constructed 1817 Simplified Classic Revival May have been designed by Robert Mills 1856 expansion to the North was designed by Edward C. Jones 2-story stucco Eagle of gilded oak is original Charter of the bank was drawn up by John C. Calhoun Chartered in 1816, 5 years after the First Bank lost its charter Due to mismanagement at other branches, Pres. Jackson withdrew US deposits in 1833, causing its collapse in 1834 Influential South Carolinians then organized the Bank of Charleston & bought the property & assets of the 2nd Bank During Civil War, it loaned Confederacy $1.5 million & failed In 1926, the Bank of Charleston merged with Norwood National Bank of Greenville & Carolina National Bank of Columbia to become South Carolina National Bank

160 Calhoun Street

Site of the Charleston Orphan House Demolished 1953, presently part of C of C Site of oldest municipal orphanage in US; founded in 1790, the orphan house was built here 1792-93 Need for it from a series of yellow fever epidemics Famous orphans: Christopher C. Memminger, Confederate Secretary of Treasury & Andrew Murray, philanthropist to Murray Blvd, Murray Voc School, & the Citadel

10 Archdale Street

St. John's Lutheran Church Constructed 1816-18; additions 1859, 1896; restored 1990-91 Italianate Frederick Wesner, architect; Abraham Reeves, ironwork designer "Mother Church of Lutheranism" in SC. 1st church sanctuary on site was dedicated June 24, 1764 Rev. Dr. John Bachman was pastor for 56 years in 19th century Collaborated with personal friend of John James Audubon on Birds of America and Quadrupeds of North America Bachman's Unity of the Human Race was influential in the development of the theory of evolution & was the 1st to argue scientifically that blacks and whites are the same species 1st church to reopen after the Civil War Damaged by the earthquake, the 1893 hurricane, & Hugo Ernest F. Hollings was a member

89-93 Anson Street

St. John's Reformed Episcopal Church, St. Joseph's Rectory & Philip Simmons Garden Church constructed 1850 & altered in 1887; rectory & school constructed c. 1850, 1887; garden established 1991 Gothic Revival Originally Anson St Chapel for African-American Presbyterians Became St. Joseph's Roman Catholic Church (Church of the Irish) in 1861 Bishop Lynch lived here after the fire of 1861 Struck by Federal shells several times 1863-65 Almost completely rebuilt in 1883 when it gained its current cruciform shape Due to a large decrease in membership, it was closed in 1965 & a new St. Joseph's was built West Ashley St. John's Reformed Episcopal Church bought it in 1971 "Heart Gate" entry to the garden designed by Philip Simmons

67 Anson Street

St. Stephen's Episcopal Church Constructed 1835-37 Greek Revival In 1819, the Ladies Benevolent Assoc. of Charleston recognized the need for a church where those who couldn't afford to rent a pew could worship In 1821, they formed the Charleston Female Domestic Missionary Society to provide it St. Stephen's was the 1st "free church" in the U.S. Mrs. Nathaniel (Sarah Hopton) Russell donated land on Guignard St. for a church, which was consecrated by Bishop Bowmen in 1824 and burned June 6, 1835; the organ, some furniture, and a tablet for Mrs. Russell were saved The new chapel was built on Anson St. in 1835 for $11,285 & was probably designed by John & Henry Horlbeck; Bricks came from the Horlbeck brickyard at Boone Hall Plantation Bishop Bowmen consecrated this building Nov. 24, 1836

1 Broad Street

State Bank of South Carolina Building Constructed 1853; restored 1978 Italian Renaissance Revival Edward C. Jones & Francis Lee, architects Faced with Connecticut brownstone Each lion head keystone is distinctive Jones had his office here in January, 1857 Building cost was $100,000 During Federal bombing, the bank moved to Cannon St., but eventually collapsed at the end of the war Bombing wrecked building; rehabilitated in 1868; cannonball hole in the ceiling beams wasn't found until 1978 renovation Owned by George A. Trenholm, cotton broker, blockade runner, & former Confederate Treasurer, who lost his fortune when the US sued for import duties on blockade goods, but made another fortune after that 1875, George Walton Williams founded Carolina Savings Bank Southern Bell's exchange was once on the 2nd floor with the US Weather Service on the 3rd floor

Barre Street

Surveyed in 1770 as the westernmost street of Harleston Village from a creek just below Beaufain St. crossing a creek just north of Bull Street Was platted thru marshlands & never actually laid out Was called Lucas St. when it extended from Calhoun St. to Beaufain , but reverted to Barre when it extended to Broad St.

60-64 Broad Street

The Confederate Home Constructed c. 1800; additions c. 1835 & c. 1900-10; earthquake repairs 1887 Victorian Gilbert Chalmers, builder Uncle Roy re-finished the floors Middle section with cantilevered piazza built 1872-82 Chalmers daughter, wife of Gov. Geddes, hosted Pres. Monroe 1819 Angus Stewart bought in 1834 and made into Carolina Hotel Archibald McKenzie later operated Carolina Hotel, then in 1867 rented it to the Home for the Mothers, Widows, & Daughters of Confederate Soldiers, founded by Mary Amarinthia & Isabell S. Snowden (bought it in 1874) Also housed Confederate College, providing education for young ladies until the early 1920s Currently apartments for elderly women

27 Anson Street

The Palmetto Fire Company Hall Constructed c.1850; converted to apartments c.1940; rehabilitated in 1986 as a single family residence Italianate Edward C. Jones, architect

17 Chalmers Street

The Pink House Constructed c. 1712 ; restored 1930s Built by John Breton, tiny house is believed to be a tavern in Colonial days; constructed partly of Bermuda stone, a coral limestone imported in blocks from Bermuda as building material; gambrel roof is 1 of a few surviving in Charleston Once studio of artist Alice R. Huger Smith, later became law office, then gift shop; now it is art gallery

Broad Street

The broadest street in Charles Town at 61 feet wide at East Bay & 100 feet wide at what is now Meeting Street Was also called Cooper Street 1689-1714 This area was set up in the Grand Model as a common public space where civic institutions would build and has remained that way, keeping the main civic buildings downtown Seen as a buffer between commercial areas &residential areas

Bedon's Alley

There by 1704 when it appeared, unnamed, on the Crisp Map Name Middle Lane on "Ichnography of 1739", but deeds as early as 1733 refer to it as Beadon's or Bedon's Alley Named for George Beadon, a merchant with a store there

167 Ashley Avenue

U.S. Arsenal & Porter Military Academy Complex Established 1825; constructed 1841; various 19th century construction dates; altered 1960's; restored 1980s-90s Chapel - Gothic; Colcock Hall - Greek Revival Edward Brickell White, designer US gov't established arsenal 1825 atop a paupers' cemetery State militiamen seized it after secession After the government closed it, Rev. A. Toomer Porter went to DC, secured the help of Pres. Hayes and Gen. Sherman to get Congress to lease to his school for $1 a year for 99 years The school transformed from Holy Communion Church Institute into Porter Military Academy St. Timothy's Chapel was a renovated artillery shed Porter merged with Gaud School and Watt School in 1963 to become Porter-Gaud and related to West Ashley MUSC took it all over and renamed the chapel St. Luke's Colcock Hall, the other remaining arsenal building, is named for Charles J. Colcock, headmaster 1890-1902, grandson of Judge C. J. Colcock, 1st president of MUSC Colcock Hall is now the MUSC President's Office

83 Broad Street

US Court House & Post Office Building Constructed 1986-97; restored with addition 1987 Renaissance Revival John Henry Devereaux, architect (started as a plasterer) Granite from Winnsboro, SC SW corner of the "Four corners of law" Site of mid-18th century guardhouse & treasury Site of mid-19th century guardhouse, Charleston Club, and Court House & Post Office Hollings Judicial Annex completed in 1987; park has statue of John F. Byrnes, Supreme Court justice who Aunt May worked with in D.C. for a short time

6 Archdale Street

Unitarian Universalist Church Constructed 1772-87; remodeled 1852 Originally Georgian; remodeled in Perpendicular Gothic in 1852 Construction began 1772, but was interrupted by the Revolution Said British soldiers stabled their horses in unfinished building Originally built to house the overflow of the Congregational Church on Meeting St. with 2 ministers alternating churches Chartered on its own in 1817 as the Second Independent Church with Unitarian minister Rev. Anthony Foster Re-chartered in 1839 as the Unitarian Church of Charleston, making it the oldest Unitarian church in the South Dr. Samuel Gilman was pastor 1819-1858 Earned a Carolopolis in 2005 for a restoration to fix bad repairs after the earthquake and Hugo

3 Broad Street

Walker, Evans, & Cogswell Building Constructed 1853-54; rehabilitation 1983-84 Italianate Edward C. Jones & Francis Lee, architects James P. & R. Earl, contractors Built for Edward Sebring, president of the State Bank next door 4 stories, it is made of grey brick laid in Flemish bond with brownstone cornice and sills on basket-arched windows In 1856, it was bought by Walker, Evans, & Cogwell, printers & publishers, who joined it with their building at 117 East Bay, making an L-shaped building Printed minutes & other documents of Secession Convention, including Ordinance of Secession lithograph Printed currency, bonds, stamps, etc. for Confederacy Temporarily moved to Columbia during Federal bombing until Sherman burned it; they came back to this building in 1867 Sold the building in 1982 as an office building

95 Ashley Avenue

William A. Courtenay House Constructed bef. 1852 Single House; Queen Anne 1883-93 William Courtenay was mayor 1879-1887 Used his business expertize to professionalize the city admin Paved major streets, such as King & Meeting streets, 1st time

18 Bull Street

William Blacklock House Constructed 1800; restored 1973 One of the nation's most important Federal houses Interior fine Adam woodwork & plasterwork Gothic Revival outbuildings Gabriel Manigualt, possible architect 2-story brick on a high brick basement; 18" thick Charleston grey bricks laid in Flemish bond, accented in stone trim William Blacklock was on the building committee for City Hall He built this as a suburban retreat Emil H. Jahnz, German consul, lived here in 1916 Fraternity house, boarding house, & apartments over time Dr. Maxcy Harrelson got a demo permit in 1958, but never used Restored 1971 by C of C & Richard H. Jenrette, philanthropist Named a National Historic Landmark in 1974 Currently C of C's alumni house

Bull Street

William Bull, native SC, was Lt. Gov. during the royal period Best remembered for sounding the alarm when he came across the participants of the Stono Slave Rebellion in 1739 His son, William Bull, II, was Lt. Gov. 1755-76 & made peace with the Indians in 1761, ending the French & Indian War in SC

134 Cannon Street

Zion-Olivet United Presbyterian Church Constructed 1964 Zion Presbyterian was mission of 2rd Presbyterian in 1847, led by Rev. John B. Adger (served as missionary in Asia Minor 11 years); met in 2nd Presbyterian's lecture room 3 years Zion Presbyterian built church at 95 Anson St in 1850; by 1858 so large they built on Calhoun, east of Meeting Olivet Presbyterian was mission in chapel on George St, becoming separate in 1879 Zion & Olivet merged in 1959 & built present church in 1964

3 Chisolm Street

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56, 58, & 60 Church Street

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59 Church Street

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33 Charlotte Street

notable two and one-half story brick mansion on a high brick basement was built by J. Thomas Hamlin White, a Christ Church Parish planter about 1854, replacing a two and one-half story wooden house. He left the then existing kitchen building, constructed c. 1812 by the McAlpin family. Tradition says White had the bricks made in Mount Pleasant, where he was half owner of a kiln. During the Civil War, the house was a Confederate hospital. After the war it was headquarters of the notorious Maj. Gen. Daniel Edgar (Dan) Sickles, commander of the Department of the Carolinas during the Federal occupation of the South. Sickles was a member of the Tammany Hall Gang, a New York Congressman, friend of five presidents, and minister to Spain, where he was the rumoured lover of Queen lsabella. The house formerly had a hidden passage with a ladder, from the top floor to the basement. Distinctive architectural features of the house include the Corinthian order, pedimented entrance surround, approached by a high flight of steps and set in a pedimented, projecting pavilion