civics test ch 8
from what or whom does the 14th amendment's due process clause protect citizen's rights?
state governments
the death penalty could be given in which of the following situations?
the robber of a convenience store kills a police in his escape attempt
the rule of law is a key underlying philosophy of a democratic government. how are the rule of law and due process related?
both say that all are subject to the law, citizens and government alike.
why is freedom of speech important in a democracy?
Americans need to be able to hear and discuss a variety of opinions.
which answer best describes the supreme court rulings in the Olmsted and Katz eavesdropping cases?
Both Olmstead and Katz favored the privacy rights of the citizens .
the police arrest a person for making counterfeit $100 bills, a federal crime. what does 5th amendment ensure for this person?
a grand jury hearing and one trial in federal court
which of the following is an example of a violation of the 5th amendment right to substantive due process?
a law allowing police to pump a suspect's stomach for evidence
why does an accused person have rights under the constitution?
a person is innocent until proven guilty
what is the main reason the Framers included clauses about writs of habeas corpus, bills of attainder, and ex post facto laws in the constitution?
a person should always be considered innocent until proven guilty.
which of the following BEST illustrates the idea of personal desires and interests being subordinated to the public good?
a publisher refrains from printing sensitive war-related information
which of the following is sufficient for a police officer to enter someone's home and search for evidence in connection with a crime?
a search warrant signed by a judge
which of the following is a location at which you could NOT legally assemble a group for demonstration?
a shopping mall food court
which of the following actions is allowed according to the 5th amendment guarantee against self-incrimination?
a witness at a senate intelligence committee hearing can refuse to answer a question
the rules of bail and preventive detention protect a suspect's rights by...
allowing the accused to appeal the denial of or the amount of bail
college administrators allowed an anti-war demonstration, but blocked a demonstration protesting college admissions polices. The administrator's actions...
are unconstitutional, because they are not content neutral
how did the supreme court interpret the 14th amendment's right to privacy in the case Roe v. Wade?
as a woman's decision to terminate or continue her pregnancy
how did the supreme court interpret the 4th amendment in Mapp v. Ohio , 1961?
as prohibiting the use of evidence obtained from an illegal search of a person's home
A group of US military veterans are planning to gather at a memorial read the animus of fallen comrades and give speeches calling for an end to war. this is assembly is protected by the 1st amendment, assuming that it....
does not interfere with the rights of other citizens
Gideon v. Wainwright extends the 6th amendment rights of the accused by...
ensuring that a defendant who cannot afford a lawyer will still be able to use one
which of the following is prohibited under the 13th amendment?
forcing someone to work for another to fulfill a contract
according to the supreme court's decision regarding the District of Columbia's strict gun control law, what is one important aspect of the 2nd amendment?
individuals have a constitutional right to keep and bear arms for self-defense
why is the concept of due process important to a free society?
it allows the individual the right to fair laws and fair processes
What is one reason that freedom of speech is still important in American democracy today?
it helps people make the best choices on public issues
which of the following statements BEST describes how the separation of church and state reflects the principle of limited government?
it limits government interference and prevents the government from favoring one religion over another
what is the significance of the due process clause of the 14th amendment?
it prevents the states from denying any right that is basic to the concept of ordered liberty.
why is the police power important?
it provides the means to protect the public well-being
what is the impact on 1st amendment rights of the Supreme Court ruling in Schenck v. United States?
it restricts freedom of expression to words that do not lead to criminal acts.
"reasonable restrictions" are allowed on freedom of expression to prohibit the expression of words that...
libel, slander, or endanger another person
the Court found prior restraint unconstitutional in the Pentagon Papers case, but not in the case of a CIA agent's publishing material without permission because...
national security concerns were proven in the CIA case
in what way is the ruling in Boy Scouts of America v. Dale an example of the right of association?
organizations can limit membership based on the organization's overall purpose
why did the framers include a ban on bills of attainder in the constitution?
parliament had abused its power by punishing citizens without trials.
what does the Free Exercise Clause of the 1st amendment guarantee?
people are free to believe whatever they wish in matters of religion
which of the following is an example of symbolic speech?
picketing
based on the supreme court's interpretation of the 8th amendment prohibition against cruel and unusual punishment, which of the following is allowable?
putting two inmates in a prison cell designed to hold only one person
which of the following is NOT protected by the Free Exercise Clause?
refusing to pay a traffic fine for religious reasons
a judge nullified trespassing citations issued to a group that had staged a protest by pitching tents in a public plaza. What constitutional safeguards most likely guided the judge's decision?
right to assemble if participants do not interfere with the rights of others
during the arrest of Ernesto Miranda, authorities failed to inform him of his ore-trail rights. Now commonly called Miranda rights, the police must inform an accused person of his or her....
right to remain silent and right to counsel
which of the following actions has the supreme court ruled a biotin of the Establishment Clause?
seasonal displays of a single religious doctrine at government buildings
why was the bill of rights added to the constitution?
the constitution omitted a general listing of the rights of the people.
how does the Court's interpretation of symbolic speech in Virginia v. Black compare with its interpretation in Texas v. Johnson?
the court interpreted Texas as protected, and Virginia as not protected
what is the process of incorporation?
the efforts to selectively extend some of the Bill of Rights to the States
which of the following BEST describes the Bill of Rights?
the first ten amendments to the constitution
what protection does the Establishment Clause of the 1st amendment to provide citizens?
the government may not establish or aid any religion.
from what or whom does the Bill of Rights protect citizen's rights?
the national government
which of the following is TRUE about the Court's ruling in Red Lion Broadcasting Co. v. FCC? Because broadcasters use public airways/
their broadcasts can be regulated to ensure they do not infringe on the rights of the public
why do some question the constitutionality of the Patriot Act's "sneak-and-peak" searches?
they do not require a warrant
what is the purpose of the exclusionary rule?
to prevent law enforcement officers from obtaining evidence illegally
which of the following is an example of a use of police power that most likely violates the 14th amendment's due process clause?
to promote public safety, a state enacts laws prohibiting driving after 11 pm
which of the following is an example of the Supreme Court limiting the free exercise of religion?
upholding laws that forbid the use of poisons snakes in religious rites
which of the following is permitted in public schools?
using tax money to bus students to parochial schools
in which situation may the government require protesters to disband during a demonstration?
when protesters are violent
Although the 1st amendment guarantees the citizens the right to assemble, what aspects of those assemblies can the government regulate?
when the assembly is held, where it takes place, and how it is conducted
Under which of these circumstances is evidence inadmissible in court?
when the search took place without probable cause
