Civil War
Thirteenth Amendment
The constitutional amendment ratified after the Civil War that forbade slavery and involuntary servitude.
Benjamin Grierson
Took 1700 troops on a cavalry raid through Mississippi. This distracted the Confederate forces defending Vicksburg and enabled Grant to move his troops south of the city.
How did Northern military strategy change after General Ulysses S. Grant took command of the Union army?
After General Grant took command the military strategy changed. Grant didn't sit around and plan for the next war. He just fought. The men fought one battle after another without rest. All the fighting had added 20 years to their age.
What was the effect of Farragut's blockade of Mobile Bay?
Although Farragut did not capture Mobile, he did seal off the bay. Blockade runners moving goods in and out of the Mississippi could no longer use any port on the Gulf of Mexico which meant the South could not get their supplies.
Pickett's Charge
An infantry assault ordered by Confederate Gen. Robert E. Lee against Maj. Gen. George G. Meade's Union positions on July 3, 1863, the last day of the Battle of Gettysburg
Sherman neckties
Nickname given to the twisted steel left behind when the union destroyed Atlanta's railroads Railroad rails were heated and tied around trees and telegraph poles
March to the Sea
Sherman's march from Atlanta, Georgia, to Savannah, Georgia which cut off confederate supplies received by the sea. They wanted to destroy the Southern economy and morale, leading to Southern surrender.
Philip Sheridan
Union General that marched through the Shenandoah Valley in Virginia, destroying farms, livestock, crops, and anything else in his path.
William Tecumseh Sherman
Union General who destroyed South during "march to the sea" from Atlanta to Savannah, example of total war
George Meade
Union General who replaced Hooker and defeated Lee at Gettysburg
Joseph Hooker
Union general who replaces Burnside was defeated at the battle of Chancellorsville.
Geography and History Why was capturing Vicksburg important for the Union?
Capturing Vicksburg was a major victory for the union because now they controlled the Mississippi River which would enable the union to use the river as a transportation waterway for supplies and reinforcements, and the South was now cut off.
Describe how General Grant conducted the Confederate surrender
General Grant guaranteed that the Confederate soldiers would not be charged with treason. Grant agreed to let them take their horses home.
Ambrose Burnside
General who replaced McClellan. He resigned his command voluntarily after his failure at the battle of Fredericksburg
Explain why the Union victory at Gettysburg was so important
It was a turning point in the Civil War, eliminating the idea that Lee would have a quick win. The Union's victory strengthened the Republicans politically and ensured that the British would not recognize the Confederacy.
mandate
an authoritative command, formal order, authorization; (v.) to issue such an order
siege
military blockade or bombardment of an enemy town or position in order to force it to surrender
Appomattox Courthouse
the Virginia town where Robert E. Lee surrendered to Ulysses S. Grant in 1865, ending the Civil War
pillage
to rob of goods by open force (as in war), plunder; (n.) the act of looting; booty
Forage
to rummage, scavenge, graze for food
John Wilkes Booth
was an American stage actor who, as part of a conspiracy plot, assassinated Abraham Lincoln, the 16th President of the United States, at Ford's Theatre in Washington, D.C. on April 14, 1865.