Classification of Burns

Classification of burns depend on: (2)

1. Depth of the burn layers of underlying tissue involved 2. extent of burn 1% of body surface area involved

What are the ABA definition of major burns: greater than ___% in full thickness burns?

10%

Superficial Partial Thickness Burns heal in

14 to greater than 21 days

What are the ABA definition of major burns: greater than ___% in adults greater than 40 yo?

20

What are the ABA definition of major burns: greater than ___% in adults less than 40 yo?

25

Superficial burns heal in __ to __ days.

3 to 6 days

Rule of Nines on pg 451; (lund browder is more accurate)

Head= 9 Each arm= 9 Each leg= 18 Anterior trunk= 18 Posterior trunk= 18 Genitalia= 1

Superficial Partial Thickness Burns Treatment

analgesics, skin substitutes if blisters are large enough

Minor and moderate burns classification exclude

electrical, inhalation, complicate injuries, and pt that are high risk

Full Thickness Burns (Third Degree)

epidermis, dermis and underlying tissues are affected such as subcutaneous fat, connective tissue, muscle, and bone; the skin appears waxy white, dry, leathery, non blanching red, and charred; skin function and pain perception are absent; there is a little pain and edema; surface of wound: dry leathery and firm to touch

What are the ABA definition of major burns: injuries to the ?

face, eyes, ears, hands, feet, perineum

Major burns are classified as partial thickness burns greater than __% of tbs and full thickness burns greater than ___% of tbs not involving special care.

greater than 25% greater than 10%

What are the ABA definition of major burns: how the burn was caused ?

high voltage electrical burn, inhalation or major trauma

Deep Partial Thickness Burns (Second Degree)

involves the entire dermis but extends further into the dermis than superficial partial thickness burn, hair follicles sebaceous glands and epidermal sweat glands remain intact, appears pale mottled waxy white, large easily ruptured blisters, decreased cap refill, decreased pain and sensation present, contractures possible, hypertrophic scarring and functional impairment

Minor burns are classified as partial thickness burns less than __% of tbs and full thickness burns less than ___% of tbs not involving special care.

less than 15% less than 2%

Moderate burns are classified as partial thickness burns less than __% of tbs and full thickness burns less than ___% of tbs not involving special care.

less than 15-25% less than 10%

Superficial Partial Thickness Burns (Second Degree)

loss of epidermis and dermis, fluid filled blisters, bright pink or red with superficial partial thickness, loss of skin function but has pain perception, minimal to no scarring

Superficial Burns (First Degree)

loss of epidermis, skin is pink to red and dry with slight local edema, pain at burn sight, other manifestations such as chills, headache, nausea and vomiting and no scar formation

Treatment for Superficial burns

mild analgesic and and water soluble lotion IV treatment when severe monitor for dehydration

Partial Thickness Burns heal in

more than 21 days may convert to full thickness as necrosis extends depth of wound

Partial Thickness Burns Treatment

need skin graft or excision

Minnor Burn Pt care

prevent contamination. apply antibiotic solutions and light dressings, maintain adequate nutritional intake, mild analgesics, tetanus toxoid administration

Full Thickness Burns heals by

requires skin grafting to heal