Clin Med III Par 3 Lecture 5

Which of the following are characteristic of acute stress disorder (ASD), in contrast to posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)? 1. Symptoms of ASD are of shorter duration than symptoms of PTSD. 2. Symptoms of PTSD are of shorter duration than symptoms of ASD. 3. Symptoms of ASD emerge more rapidly after the trauma than symptoms of PTSD. 4. Symptoms of PTSD emerge more rapidly after the trauma than symptoms of ASD. a. 1, 3 b. 1, 4 c. 2, 3 d. 2, 4

a. 1, 3

6. Which of the following would be the best choice of restoration for an epileptic patient? a. All-metal fixed prosthesis b. All-porcelain fixed prosthesis c. All-metal removable prosthesis d. All-acrylic removable prosthesis

a. All-metal fixed prosthesis

Which of the following is true of Alzheimer's disease? a. By age 85, more than 40% of persons will have developed Alzheimer's disease. b. Onset of Alzheimer's may occur as early as 20 years of age. c. The cause of Alzheimer's is unknown but appears to involve the loss of sympathetic neurons. d. A and B e. B and C

a. By age 85, more than 40% of persons will have developed Alzheimer's disease.

Which of the following medications is the primary agent used to treat Parkinson's disease? a. Carbidopa-levodopa (Sinemet) b. Pramipexole (Mirapex) c. Tolcapone (Tasmar) d. Entacapone (Comtan)

a. Carbidopa-levodopa (Sinemet)

Parkinson's disease is a disorder of neurons that produce which of the following neurotransmitters? a. Dopamine b. Acetylcholine c. Epinephrine d. Endorphin

a. Dopamine

Afternoon fatigue is most closely associated with which of the following neurologic disorders? a. Multiple sclerosis b. Epilepsy c. Parkinson's disease d. Alzheimer's disease

a. Multiple sclerosis

Which of the following antibiotics should not be administered to a patient who is taking carbamazepine (Tegretol) for management of epilepsy? a. Penicillin b. Erythromycin c. Ciprofloxacin d. Cephalexin

b. Erythromycin

8. Which of the following is the most important risk factor for intracerebral hemorrhagic stroke? a. High-cholesterol diet b. Hypertension c. Type II diabetes d. Cytomegalovirus

b. Hypertension

The erosive process of perimylolysis primarily involves which of the following surfaces of the teeth? a. Facial and buccal surfaces of maxillary teeth b. Lingual surfaces of maxillary teeth c. Facial and buccal surfaces of mandibular teeth d. Lingual surfaces of mandibular teeth

b. Lingual surfaces of maxillary teeth

Buspirone has mixed agonist-antagonist actions at which of the following types of receptors? a. Dopamine b. Serotonin c. Adrenergic d. Cholinergic

b. Serotonin

What should be done if a patient has an epileptic seizure during a dental procedure? a. The patient should be moved from the chair to the floor. b. The chair should be placed in a supine position. c. The patient should be restrained. d. A and B e. B and C

b. The chair should be placed in a supine position.

Which type of nervous tissue is affected by multiple sclerosis (MS)? a. The dura mater of the brain b. The white matter of the central nervous system (CNS) c. The afferent nerves of the peripheral nervous system (PNS) d. The efferent nerves of the peripheral nervous system (PNS)

b. The white matter of the central nervous system (CNS)

Which of the following is a sign or symptom of anxiety caused by overactivation of the parasympathetic nervous system stimulation rather than sympathetic nervous system stimulation? a. Sweating b. Urinary frequency c. Dilated pupils d. Muscle tension

b. Urinary frequency

Opioids used for dental sedation or pain control must be administered with caution and in decreased dosage in patients who are taking a benzodiazepine for an anxiety disorder in order to avoid _________. a. cardiac stimulation b. overdepression of the CNS c. liver toxicity d. renal failure

b. overdepression of the CNS

3. Status epilepticus is __________________. a. the diagnosis of the particular form of epilepsy based on the presence of abnormalities on electroencephalogram (EEG) b. repeated seizures over a short time without a recovery period c. the analysis of the response of motor cortex neurons to long-term drug therapy d. a determination of whether the seizure is partial or generalized

b. repeated seizures over a short time without a recovery period

Dysarthria means that the patient will have difficulty _________. a. swallowing b. speaking c. standing d. sitting still

b. speaking

Which part of the brain appears to be most closely involved in acute panic attacks? a. Corpus callosum b. Medulla oblongata c. Locus coeruleus d. Pons

c. Locus coeruleus

Which of the following medications approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the management of moderate to severe Alzheimer's disease? a. Rivastigmine (Exelon) b. Tacrine (Cognex) c. Memantine (Axura) d. Donepezil (Aricept)

c. Memantine (Axura)

Which of the following is the leading cause of long-term disability in the United States? a. Heart disease b. Renal failure c. Stroke d. Arthritis

c. Stroke

Calcified atherosclerotic plaques seen in the carotid arteries of elderly and diabetic patients on panoramic images warrant referral to the patient's physician because they indicate an increased risk for _________. a. cardiac arrhythmia b. orthostatic hypotension c. stroke d. ventricular fibrillation

c. stroke

Reduction of systolic blood pressure by 10 mm Hg is associated with a __% reduction in the risk for ischemic stroke. a. 3 b. 13 c. 23 d. 33

d. 33

A deferral of dental treatment is advised for ____________ when treating a patient with a history of stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA). a. 3 weeks b. 6 weeks c. 3 months d. 6 months

d. 6 months

Which of the following is an example of a simple phobia? a. Fear of heights b. Fear of needles c. Fear of embarrassing symptoms on leaving home d. A and B e. B and C

d. A and B

Which of the following is/are true of anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa? a. Induced vomiting is associated with bulimia nervosa. b. Anorexia nervosa is characterized by the medical sequelae of starvation. c. Anorexia nervosa is more common than bulimia nervosa. d. A and B e. B and C

d. A and B

Which of the following types of medications are the standard agents for antianxiety therapy? a. Sedative-hypnotics b. Antihistamines c. Beta-blockers d. Benzodiazepines

d. Benzodiazepines

Why has it become more practical to restore teeth in bulimic patients even when pathologic vomiting has not yet been curtailed? a. Not practical. The gorging and vomiting cycle must first be broken. b. Because dental teams now communicate with the patient and family members, stressing a positive, hopeful attitude toward maintenance of the patient's oral health. c. Because dentists better recognize drug interactions between benzodiazepines (for anxiety) and barbiturates, opioids, psychotropic agents, and erythromycin. d. Due to the development of resin composite and adhesive systems.

d. Due to the development of resin composite and adhesive systems.

Which of the following is the most common cause of seizures? a. Head trauma b. Cavernous malformation c. Cerebrovascular disease d. Idiopathic

d. Idiopathic

Which of the following is/are true of the epidemiology of epileptic seizures? a. Seizures are most common in adolescents and young adults. b. The incidence of seizures in males is higher at every age. c. Approximately 10% of the population will have at least one epileptic seizure in a lifetime. d. A and B e. B and C

e. B and C