clinical psychology PSYC 4010 EXAM 1 quiz

Which of the following is considered the "gold standard" in clinical research?

Experimental Design

What shift occurred post WWII for clinical psychologists?

Focus in assessment to therapy

Which of the following are TRUE of risk factors, in the context of epidemiological studies?

Risk factors accounts for only a portion of the likelihood that an individual will develop a disorder

Monica and Ross are each pursuing higher degrees in clinical psychology: Monica is a Ph.D. student and Ross is a Psy.D. student.Based on this information alone, which student will likely finish their degree sooner?

Ross

What is the predominant training philosophy in clinical psychology today?

Science-practitioner model

Regarding the 1988 Schism, what did the group of psychologists that left the American Psychological Association (APA) believe was the problem with APA?

APA was preoccupied with professional issues and prioritized making money

At what point in a clinical psychologist's education would they take the Examination for Professional Practice in Psychology (EPPP)?

After they have received their Ph.D or Psy.D

Who is considered the founder of modern-day psychiatry?

Emil Kraeplin

Based on the research of Norcross and colleagues in which psychologists were asked to predict the future of mental health care, which of the following predictions from 1982 and 1992 has not happened?

Establishment of national health insurance

If you were receiving treatment from a clinical psychologist who utilized Carl Rogers' therapy approach, what should you expect in your session?

You (the client) would be leading the session and choosing the topics of discussion

Francis Galton is best known for:

applying quantitative methods to understanding differences among people.

When is informed consent NOT required during an assessment?

When evaluating decisional capacity

Pearson's correlation coefficient ranges from

-1 to 1

APA published its first code of ethics in the

1950s

The first edition of the DSM appeared in

1952

Which of the following examples best represent a study sample?

30 law students at Harvard Law

Membership in the American Psychological Association

is increasing

Which of the following examples is most clearly abnormal according to the "subjective distress" definition of abnormality?

A high-functioning accountant who feels depressed about several aspects of his/her life

What is the "third variable" problem that can arise when using correlations to examine the relationship between two constructs, such as the relationship between ice-cream consumption and murder rate?

A research fails to consider that two variables may be correlated due only to the effects of an unmeasured variable

Which of the following statements is true regarding the relationship between abnormal behavior and mental illness?

An individual who exhibits abnormal behavior may not have a mental illness.

Which of the following disorders appeared in DSM-IV, but not in the more recent DSM-5?

Asperger's disorder

Which of the following is NOT one of APA's 5 General Principles? A. Fidelity and responsibility B. Duty to protect C. Respect for people's rights and dignity D. Integrity

B. Duty to protect

Which of the following is an advantage of naturalistic observation over controlled lab observation?

Better ecological validity

Which of the following is NOT true of the Psy.D. training model? A. usually are for profit programs B. focuses on training students to become clinicians C. Lasts 2 years + internship D. Far less emphasis on research

C. Lasts 2 years + internship

Given the description provided in the text/lecture, each of the following would constitute a clinical practicum experience EXCEPT: A. providing therapy to mildly depressed outpatients through a clinic operated by the psychology department B. Performing cognitive assessments on individuals coming through an Alzheimer's clinic at the local hospital C. teaching an undergraduate research methods laboratory for the department D. running a weekly group at the library to teach relaxation techniques to people in the community

C. teaching an undergraduate research methods laboratory for the department

Which of the following is NOT a potential limitation of a case study?

Considered unethical because they reveal personal information

Which of the following typically work with "normal" or moderately maladjusted individuals?

Counseling Psychologists

_______ designs are those where all of the data are collected at the same point in time, while ________ designs collect data from participants over time.

Cross-sectional; Longitudinal

Which of the following are NOT one of the "Four D's" of abnormality?

Damage

The definition of abnormal behavior can be used to create a cutoff score (a point on continuous scale or measure) to group people into categories.

Deviance: statistical infrequency or the violation of social norms.

Which definition of abnormal behavior is typically most apparent to other people?

Disability

Which of the following schools of thought suggest that a person is driven towards self-actualization?

Humanistic

In DSM-IV-TR, major depression is diagnosed on Axis ______.

I

What is one of the reasons that was discussed in the lecture why someone would prefer to attend an APA accredited program?

It is easier to get licensed

Under what circumstances must a member of APA report child abuse when the victim is an adult?

It is required to report child abuse cases for adults when there is reasonable suspicion that perpetrator is in a position of power over children.

researchers have begun conducting a study that is designed to measure the effectiveness of a new math curriculum, called "Vector". There are two groups of 30 students; one group is taught using Vector, while the second group is taught using the old curriculum. After 2 weeks of each group being taught their curriculum, researchers will assess math performance using a standardized math exam. Which of the following is the DV for the study?

Math performance on the standardized exam

In the 1950's, if a clinician wanted to use a personality test that required no theoretical interpretation of responses in order to suggest a psychiatric diagnosis, the best choice would have been the

Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)

Which of the following states made the decision to grant prescription privileges to clinical psychologists?

New Mexico

Which of the following is true regarding members of the Association for Psychological Science?

None of the above are true (over 50% of APS members are clinical psychologists. The number of APS members currently exceeds the number of APA members. Members of APS cannot also be members of APA)

Which of the following is true?

None of the above. (Research suggests that clinical psychologists with Psy.D. degrees will have more trouble finding employment than those with Ph.D. degrees Compared to Psy.D. programs, Ph.D. programs admit a higher percentage of applicants Compared to Psy.D. programs, Ph.D. Programs award more doctoral degrees.)

Based on the Dr. Phil clip from the lecture, what did Dr.Phil do that he could have potentially been penalized for?

Practicing psychology without a license

Which employment site for clinical psychologists has shown an increase since 1960?

Private Practice

Which of the following requires a medical degree?

Psychiatrists

Which of the following is true of the first Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-I)?

Psychodynamic theory was used to develop disorder descriptions

which title is regulated by APA and state licensing boards?

Psychologist

What do the majority of clinical psychologists do for a living?

Psychotherapy

From the year 2013, which of the following were predicted to decrease in the future of clinical psychology?

Transactional Analysis

Dr. Conway believes that abnormal behavior, ranging from mood disorders to eating disorders to sleep disorders, is due to structural, functional, or chemical abnormalities in the central nervous system. We would say that he adheres to the ______ model of psychopathology.

biological

Which of the following is an advantage of the longitudinal design?

can infer causality

According to Dr. Tran, specific phobias are the product of maladaptive, irrational thought patterns about the feared object. Dr. Tran endorses the _______ model of psychopathology.

cognitive

According to the lecture, which of the following is great for assessing communication patterns in couples

controlled observation

Which of the following is NOT an advantage of diagnosis?

diagnosis provides a specific case conceptualization for each client's problems

A study that aims to measure the number of people in a particular city who are diagnosable with generalized anxiety disorder is an example of

epidemiological research

In DSM-IV-TR, clients are diagnosed along ________ axes

five

External validity is essentially

generalizability to situations beyond the specific study context

A double-blind study

helps guard against the effects of experimenter expectations.

Which one of the following is an argument for giving prescription privileges to psychologists?

increased continuity of care

When we are not sure that the obtained result of an experimental study is really attributable to our manipulation of the independent variable, we are questioning the ______ of the study.

internal validity

Unsystematic observation

is helpful in developing testable hypotheses

Which of the individuals below would be legally prohibited from using the title "psychotherapist"?

none of the above (someone with a PhD in counseling psychology someone with a master's degree in social work someone who has no formal training in mental health interventions, but gives advice to people after reading their palms)

Let's say that we want to investigate the relationship between loneliness felt by a person and the number of cats they have. Higher scores on our loneliness scale represent more loneliness and lower scores represent less loneliness. If the Pearson r correlation between these two variables is 0.73, what does that tell us about the relationship between these two variables?

people who are lonely tend to have more cats

According to Freud, the ID operates on the

pleasure principle

Which of the following is important for maintaining strong external validity in your study?

random sampling

In the Tarasoff case, the California Supreme Court ruled that

the therapist should have warned additional people.

Which of the following best describes "The match problem" in clinical psychology training programs?

there are more internship applicants than available internship positions

A good synonym for the term "diathesis" is ______

vulnerability