CLO Review (Cardiovascular and Valvular Disorders)
A nurse caring for a client who has had cardiac surgery must understand how pulmonary artery pressure is monitored. What is important about pulmonary artery pressure?
Aids in the early treatment of fluid imbalances
The licensed practical nurse is monitoring the waveform pattern on the cardiac monitor of the client admitted following a myocardial infarction. The nurse notes that every other beat includes a premature ventricular contraction (PVC). The nurse notes which of the following in the permanent record?
Bigeminy
A mechanical prosthetic heart valve client is admitted with leukopenia and abdominal pain. Which diagnostic lab data should the nurse access first?
CBC
The nurse knows that a pacerhaker is the treatment of choice for what cardiac dysrhythmia?
Complete heart block
Which client symptom change would most likely indicate, to the nurse, a progression of mitral stenosis?
Decreased systolic pressure
Which of the following medications does the nurse anticipate administering to a client preparing for cardioversion?
Diazepam
Elective cardioversion is similar to defibrillation except that the electrical stimulation waits to discharge until an R wave appears. What does this prevent?
Disrupting the heart during the critical period of ventricular repolarization
A nurse caring for a client who has had cardiac or vascular surgery knows to do hourly assessments on which of the following?
Fluid intake and urine output
Which symptom is most important in determihing the diagnosis and nursing care for a client experiencing pulmonary hypertension?
Frothy sputum
The nurse listens to thelung sounds of a postoperative client and determines that the client is not able to clear the secretions from the lungs. What intervention should the nurse provide prior to suctioning?
Hyperoxygenate the client with 100% oxygen.
The client presents to the Emergency Department with blunt trauma causing bruising and bleeding of the heart. The nurse knows that which of the following may help stop the bleeding?
Inactivity and pressure from blood in the pericardium
The nurse is caring for a client with highly pigmented skin. Which assessment technique is used to evaluate cyanosis?
Inspect the conjunctiva.
The nurse is caring for a client with a resting heart rate of 150 beats/minute. Which nursing intervention would be the highest priority in plan of care?
Instruct to sit on the edge of the bed before rising.
A client with impaired physical mobility has been hospitalized. What nursing intervention helps reduce the potential for formation of thrombi and renal calculi in a client with impaired physical mobility?
Keep the client hydrated.
An elderly female patient with complaints of increasing fatigue has beon diagnosed with aortic stenosis, a disease that her primary care provider believes may have been long-standing. Which if the following compensatory mechanisms has most likely maintained the woman's ejection fraction until recently ?
Left ventricular hypertrophy
What type of cytokine will attract neytrophils and monocytes to remove debris?
Lymphokines
When assessing a client, what sign would the nurse know is an early sign of an impending heart failure?
S3 heart sound
The nurse is caring for a postoperative client who had surgery to decrease intracranial pressure after suffering a head injury Which assessment finding is promptly reported to the physician?
The client's vital signs are temperature, 100.9° F; heart rate, 88 beats/minute; respiratory rate, 18 breaths/minute; and blood pressure, 138/80 mm Hg.
The client has returned to the floor with a transthoracic pacemaker ready to be connected. The nurse knows thot d transthoracic pacemaker is a temporary pacemaker used in what situation?
Transthoracic pacemakers are used in a client who has had open heart surgery.
A client has experienced a myocardial infarction (MI). After the acute stage of the MI, what is the most lethal complication the nurse should be aware can occur?
Ventricular aneurysm
The nurse is working on a mopitored unit assessing the cardiac monitor rhythms. Which waveform pattern needs attention first?
Ventricular fibrillation
The client is scheduled for a percutaneous balloon valvuloplasty. The client asks the nurse how long it takes for the opening to close after the procedure. What would be the nurses best response?
Within 6 months
What must the nurse be assessing for in order to determine adequate care for a client with aortic stenosis?
angina
Which client symptom change would most likely indicate, to the nurse, a progression of mitral stenosis?
decreased systolic pressure
The nurse is caring for a client with a valvular disorder. The client is at risk for decreased cardiac output. What nursing intervention should a nurse perform for this client?
measure urine output
The nurse is caring for a patient who is scheduled for a balloon valvuloplasty. The nurse recalls that balloon valvuloplasty is most commonly used for which valvular heart disease?
mitral stenosis
A client has a pulmonary artery catheter for monitoring and to ensure fluid balance. When measuring pulmonary capillary wedge pressure, the nurse forgets to deflate the balloon and leaves it inflated. What outcome can be the result of this action by the nurse?
pulmonary infarction
A client with aortic valve regurgitation is asking about his disease process. What would the nurse tell the client is the first sign of aortic valve regurgitation?
tachycardia
