CMA Exam - A&P

10) Which of the following cavities are separated by the diaphragm? (A) Abdominal and pelvic (B) Cranial and spinal (C) Dorsal and ventral (D) Pericardial and pleural (E) Thoracic and abdominal

(E) Thoracic and abdominal

40) In men, specimens for gonococcal cultures are most commonly obtained from which of the following? (A) Anus (B) Bladder (C) Skin (D) Testicle (E) Urethra

(E) Urethra

23) Which of the following is a substance that aids the transmission of nerve impulses? (A) Acetylcholine (B) Cholecystokinin (C) Deoxyribose (D) Oxytocin (E) Prolactin

(A) Acetylcholine

15) Which of the following is a structural, fibrous protein found in the dermis? (A) Collagen (B) Heparin (C) Lipocyte (D) Melanin (E) Sebum

(A) Collagen

9) Which of the following anatomical regions of abdomen lies just distal to the sternum? (A) Epigastric (B) Hypochondriac (C) Hypogastric (D) Lumbar (E) Umbilical

(A) Epigastric

39) Saliva contains an enzyme that acts upon (A) starches (B) proteins (C) fats (D) minerals (E) vitamins

(A) starches

46) Which of the following are mucus-producing glands located on each side of the vaginal opening? (A) Adrenal (B) Bartholin's (C) Bulbourethral (D) Corpus luteum (E) Parotid

(B) Bartholin's

4) Which of the following is flexible connective tissue that is attached to bones at the joints? (A) Adipose (B) Cartilage (C) Epithelial (D) Muscle (E) Nerve

(B) Cartilage

6) Which of the following is the body cavity that contains the pituitary gland? (A) Abdominal (B) Cranial (C) Pleural (D) Spinal (E) Thoracic

(B) Cranial

7) Which of the following closes and seals off the lower airway during swallowing? (A) Alveoli (B) Epiglottis (C) Larynx (D) Uvula (E) Vocal cords

(B) Epiglottis

21) Which of the following controls body temperature, sleep, and appetite? (A) Adrenal glands (B) Hypothalamus (C) Pancreas (D) Thalamus (E) Thyroid gland

(B) Hypothalamus

18) The physician directs the medical assistant to complete a request form for an x-ray study of the fibula. The procedure will be performed on which of the following structures? (A) Heel (B) Lower leg (C) Toes (D) Thigh (E) Pelvis

(B) Lower leg

14) The anatomic location of the spinal canal is (A) caudal (B) dorsal (C) frontal (D) transverse (E) ventral

(B) dorsal

32) Bile enters the gastrointestinal tract at the (A) gastroesophageal sphincter (B) duodenum (C) ileocecum (D) jejunum (E) pyloric sphincter

(B) duodenum

48) Calcium, potassium, and sodium are classified as which of the following? (A) Androgens (B) Catecholamines (C) Electrolytes (D) Estrogens (E) Prostaglandins

(C) Electrolytes

11) Which of the following terms describes the motion of bending the forearm toward the body? (A) Abduction (B) Eversion (C) Flexion (D) Pronation (E) Supination

(C) Flexion

34) Which of the following conditions is characterized by incompetence of the esophageal sphincter? (A) Crohn's disease (B) Esophageal varices (C) Gastroesophageal reflux disease (D) Pyloric stenosis (E) Stomatitis

(C) Gastroesophageal reflux disease

42) Which of the following conditions is characterized by the presence of kidney stones (renal calculi)? (A) Glomerulonephritis (B) Interstitial nephritis (C) Nephrolithiasis (D) Polycystic kidney (E) Pyelonephritis

(C) Nephrolithiasis

19) Which of the following is a disorder characterized by uncontrollable episodes of falling asleep during the day? (A) Dyslexia (B) Epilepsy (C) Hydrocephalus (D) Narcolepsy (E) Shingles

(D) Narcolepsy

36) Which of the following is an accessory organ of the gastrointestinal system that is responsible for secreting insulin? (A) Adrenal gland (B) Gallbladder (C) Liver (D) Pancreas (E) Spleen

(D) Pancreas

12) In which of the following positions does a patient lie face down? (A) Dorsal (B) Erect (C) Lateral (D) Prone (E) Supine

(D) Prone

26) Where is the sinoatrial node located? (A) Between the left atrium and the left ventricle (B) Between the right atrium and the right ventricle (C) In the interventricular septum (D) In the upper wall of the left ventricle (E) In the upper wall of the right atrium

(E) In the upper wall of the right atrium

50) Patients with which of the following diseases are treated with injections of vitamin B-12? (A) Bell's palsy (B) Crohn's disease (C) Diabetes mellitus (D) Graves' disease (E) Pernicious anemia

(E) Pernicious anemia

25) A patient sustains severe blunt trauma to the left upper abdomen and requires surgery. The body organ most likely to be involved is the (A) appendix (B) gallbladder (C) pancreas (D) urinary bladder (E) spleen

(E) spleen

16) A patient has a fracture in which the radius is bent but not displaced, and the skin is intact. This type of fracture is known as which of the following? (A) Closed, greenstick (B) Complex, comminuted (C) Compound, transverse (D) Open, spiral (E) Simple, pathologic

(A) Closed, greenstick

31) In the lungs, gas exchange occurs in tiny one-celled air sacs called (A) alveoli (B) bronchi (C) bronchioles (D) capillaries (E) pleurae

(A) alveoli

30) Exhaled air, when compared with inhaled air, contains more (A) carbon dioxide and less oxygen (B) nitrogen and less carbon dioxide (C) oxygen and less carbon dioxide (D) oxygen and less carbon monoxide (E) oxygen and less nitrogen

(A) carbon dioxide and less oxygen

17) Which of the following is the large bone found superior to the patella and inferior to the ischium? (A) Calcaneus (B) Femur (C) Symphysis pubis (D) Tibia (E) Ulna

(B) Femur

13) If the foot is abducted, it is moved in which direction? (A) Inward (B) Outward (C) Upward (D) Downward

(B) Outward

44) In men, which of the following structures is located at the neck of the bladder and surrounds the urethra? (A) Epididymis (B) Prostate (C) Scrotum (D) Seminal vesicle (E) Vas deferens

(B) Prostate

47) Fertilization of an ovum by a spermatozoon occurs in the (A) cervix (B) fallopian tube (C) ovary (D) uterus (E) vagina

(B) fallopian tube

41) The cluster of blood capillaries found in each nephron is the (A) afferent arteriole (B) glomerulus (C) Loop of Henle (D) renal pelvis (E) renal tubule

(B) glomerulus

1) Which of the following terms describes the body's ability to maintain its normal state? (A) Anabolism (B) Catabolism (C) Tolerance (D) Homeostasis (E) Metabolism

(D) Homeostasis

49) Which of the following is the master gland of the endocrine system? (A) Adrenal (B) Pancreas (C) Pineal (D) Pituitary (E) Thyroid

(D) Pituitary

37) Which of the following is the lymphoid organ that is a reservoir for red blood cells and filters organisms from the blood? (A) Appendix (B) Gallbladder (C) Pancreas (D) Spleen (E) Thymus

(D) Spleen

45) Male hormones are produced by which of the following? (A) Glans penis (B) Prepuce (C) Prostate (D) Testes (E) Vas deferens

(D) Testes

24) The carotid pulse is located (A) in front of the ears and just above eye level (B) in the antecubital space (C) in the middle of the groin (D) on the anterior side of the neck (E) on the medial aspect of the wrist

(D) on the anterior side of the neck

5) Each of the following is located in the mediastinum EXCEPT the (A) aorta (B) esophagus (C) heart (D) pancreas (E) trachea

(D) pancreas

28) Oxygenated blood is carried to the heart by the (A) aorta (B) carotid arteries (C) inferior vena cava (D) pulmonary veins (E) superior vena cava

(D) pulmonary veins

29) The thoracic cage is a structural unit important for (A) alimentation (B) menstruation (C) mentation (D) respiration (E) urination

(D) respiration

20) The point at which an impulse is transmitted from one neuron to another neuron is called the (A) dendrite (B) glial cell (C) nerve center (D) synapse (E) terminal plate

(D) synapse

43) Urine flows through the urinary system in which order? (A) Bladder, kidney, ureter, urethra, urethral meatus (B) Bladder, urethra, kidney, urethral meatus, ureter (C) Kidney, ureter, bladder, urethra, urethral meatus (D) Kidney, urethra, urethral meatus, bladder, ureter (E) Urethra, bladder, ureter, kidney, urethral meatus

(C) Kidney, ureter, bladder, urethra, urethral meatus

35) Which of the following organs removes bilirubin from the blood, manufactures plasma proteins, and is involved with the production of prothrombin and fibrinogen? (A) Gallbladder (B) Kidney (C) Liver (D) Spleen (E) Stomach

(C) Liver

8) Which of the following is located beneath the diaphragm in the right upper quadrant of the abdominal cavity? (A) Appendix (B) Kidney (C) Liver (D) Spleen (E) Stomach

(C) Liver

22) Which of the following cranial nerves is related to the sense of smell? (A) Abducens (B) Hypoglossal (C) Olfactory (D) Trochlear (E) Vagus

(C) Olfactory

3) Each of the following mature cells has a nucleus EXCEPT (A) lymphocyte (B) monocyte (C) erythrocyte (D) basophil (E) neutrophil

(C) erythrocyte

33) Each of the following is a segment of the large intestine EXCEPT the (A) ascending colon (B) cecum (C) ileum (D) sigmoid colon (E) transverse colon

(C) ileum

2) Each of the following is known to help prevent infection EXCEPT (A) hair in the nose (B) mucous membranes (C) osteoblasts (D) saliva (E) tears

(C) osteoblasts

38) The process whereby the stomach muscles contract to propel food through the digestive tract is called (A) absorption (B) emulsion (C) peristalsis (D) regurgitation (E) secretion

(C) peristalsis

27) Blood flows from the right ventricle of the heart into the (A) inferior vena cava (B) left ventricle (C) pulmonary arteries (D) pulmonary veins (E) right atrium

(C) pulmonary arteries