CMSC 140 Self Test Chapter 1

Example of preprocessor directive

#include <iostream>

Internally, CPU consists of two parts

Control Unit and Arithmetic and Logic Unit

True or False: Machine language is an example of high-level language

False

RAM

a computer's main memory

Variable

a named storage location in the computer's memory used for holding a piece of information

Syntax

a set of rules that must be followed when constructing a program

Algorithm

a set of well-developed steps for performing a task or solving a problem

Job of the CPU

fetch information, decode it, execute the cycle

Software engineering

field that encompasses designing, writing, testing, debugging, documenting, modifying and maintaining computer programs

Logic Errors

mistakes that cause the running program to produce incorrect results

Variables

programmer-designed names of memory locations that hold data

Preprocessor

reads source code (#)

decode

stage where CPU analyzes instructions and encode it in a form of a number and then generate an electronic signal

Source code

statements written by the programmer

T/F: CPU only really understands instructions that are written in machine language

true

Punctuation

used to mark the beginning or the end of a statement or separate items in a list

Compiler

used to translate each source code instruction into the appropriate machine language instruction.

Hardware components

Input device, output device, processing unit, communication device, storage device

Hardware

Physical components of the computer

Process of translating a source file sequence

Source code -> preprocessor -> modified source code -> compiler -> object code -> linker -> executable code

Software

another term for computer program

Run-time error

asking the computer to do something it cannot do

Operators

characters or symbols that perform operations

Binary code

consists of 0's and 1's