CNA 122 | Ch. 6 & Ch. 7, Installing Hyper-V

Extended virtual switch

A virtual switch in which one of the host's physical network adapters is bound to the virtual network switch, allowing virtual machines to access a LAN connected to the host.

Private virtual switch

A virtual switch with no host connection to the virtual network, thereby allowing VMs to communicate with one another. However, there's no communication between this switch and the host.

pass-through disk

A_____________ isn't a virtual disk; it's a physical disk in the offline state that's attached to the host.

Virtual machine queue (VMQ)

Accelerates vNIC performance by delivering packets from the external network directly to the vNIC, bypassing the management operating system.

Device support

Removes support for legacy network adapters, IDE controllers, legacy keyboards, and floppy disk controllers. Adds support for booting from software-based devices, using virtual machine bus (VMBus), SCSI devices, and a new software-based DVD drive.

two unlimited

Standard Edition includes ___ licenses for virtual instances of Windows Server 2016 on a fully licensed host computer, while Datacenter edition includes _________ licenses.

revert apply

There are two ways to use a saved checkpoint. The ______ option returns the VM to its state when the most recent checkpoint was taken, while the _____ option does the same thing, but it alsos adds a new checkpoint subtree.

Differencing/Checkpoint files

These files are similar to virtual hard disk files, but they're associated with a parent VHD or VHDX.

B. Enable-PSRemoting

To remotely manage Hyper-V using PowerShell, PowerShell remoting must be enabled. By default, PowerShell remoting is enabled on Windows Server 2012 and later. However, if it becomes disabled, which of the following PowerShell cmdlets will allow you to remotely manage Hyper-V using PowerShell? A. Configure-PSRemoting B. Enable-PSRemoting C. Enable-SMRemoting D. Configure-SMRemoting

B. Manage Hyper-V from the same server that is running Hyper-V

When you install the Hyper-V role from Server Manager, you will be prompted to install the management tools. You should install these management tools if you need to do which of the following? A. Manage Hyper-V on a remote management computer B. Manage Hyper-V from the same server that is running Hyper-V C. Manage Hyper-V from any remote computer D. Manage Hyper-V utilizing a VPN connection

second to last

Which byte should be modified should you want to change the MAC address pool?

Configuration file AVHD or AVHDX file Saved state file

Which files are created whenever a checkpoint is made? (name at least two of the three possible)

C. Windows Server 2016 with Hyper-V, running a Windows 10 VM D. Windows Server 2016 with Hyper-V, running a Windows Server 2016 VM

Which of the following Hyper-V guest virtual machine configurations would allow you the ability to hot add and remove memory? (Choose all that apply.) A. Windows Server 2016 with Hyper-V, running a Windows 8.1 VM B. Windows Server 2012 R2 with Hyper-V, running a Windows 10 VM C. Windows Server 2016 with Hyper-V, running a Windows 10 VM D. Windows Server 2016 with Hyper-V, running a Windows Server 2016 VM

C. Enter-PSSession -VMName VMTestServer

Which of the following Powershell cmdlets will allow the management of a running Hyper-V VM named VMTestServer from a Hyper-V host PowerShell prompt? A. Get-PSSession -VMName VMTestServer B. Enter-Session -VM VMTestServer C. Enter-PSSession -VMName VMTestServer D. Enter-PSSession -VM VMTestServer

A. Non-Uniform Memory Access

Which of the following is a system memory architecture used in multiprocessor systems that allow processors to share memory more efficiently? A. Non-Uniform Memory Access B. Uniform ROM Access C. Uniform Memory Access D. Shared Memory Access

D. Checkpoint

Which of the following is described as a partial copy of a VM made at a specific moment? A. Virtual instance B. Differencing disk C. Hypervisor D. Checkpoint

B. Secure Boot is automatically enabled. C. Encryption is automatically enabled.

Which of the following is true if you enable shielding and create a shielded VM in Windows Server 2016? (Choose all that apply.) A. Secure Boot is automatically disabled. B. Secure Boot is automatically enabled. C. Encryption is automatically enabled. D. Encryption is automatically disabled.

B. Maximum disk space allocation D. Outgoing network traffic per network adapter

Which of the following resource metrics can be measured when you enable the Hyper-V feature resource metering? (Choose all that apply.) A. Average physical memory use B. Maximum disk space allocation C. Minimum, maximum, and average CPU use D. Outgoing network traffic per network adapter

IPsec task offloading

With this option enabled, the physical NIC handles much of the processing required to handle IPsec security associations.

Configuration file

XML file containing the details of a VM's virtual hardware settings is stored by default in the Virtual Machines folder in %systemroot%\ProgramData\Microsoft\Windows\Hyper-V.

B. 200

You are configuring four VMs on a Hyper-V server. One of the virtual machines needs to be assigned a new relative weight value to allow it to have priority to the shared processing resources between the four VMs. All four VMs are currently set to the default relative weight of 100. What relative weight value can you use to configure the VM that needs priority to the shared processing resources? A. 1 B. 200 C. 99 D. 0

C. Generation 2

You are creating a new VM in Hyper-V on a Windows Server 2016 server. Your new VM will use Windows 10 and support the use of PXE boot. Which hardware generation type should you select during the new VM's creation process? A. Generation 1 B. Generation 1 or generation 2 C. Generation 2 D. Generation 3

A. Guest services

You want to allow your VM the ability to copy files to a running VM without using a virtual network connection. Which of the following integration services should you enable in the VM's settings? A. Guest services B. Data exchange C. Heartbeat D. Time synchronization

Production checkpoint

A new type of checkpoint that is supported for production VMs and uses backup technology in the guest OS to create the checkpoint.

Synthetic driver

A driver installed on a VM with Integration Services that's optimized for use in the Hyper-V environment.

Differencing disk

A dynamically expanding virtual disk that uses a parent/child relationship in which the parent disk is a dynamically expanding or fixed size disk with an OS installed and possibly some applications and data.

Smart paging

A file on the host computer used for temporary memory storage when a sudden surge in memory requirements exceeds the physical amount of memory available.

disk2vhd

A free and uncomplicated utility that runs on a physical computer you want to convert and creates a virtual hard disk file from the disk on the physical server.

Discrete Device Assignment (DDA)

A new feature in Windows Server 2016 Hyper-V that grants the ability to give a VM exclusive access to hardware devices on the host computer.

Basic session

A session in Hyper-V, redirects only screen, mouse, and keyboard I/O from the guest to the Virtual Machine Connection console.

VHD set

A shared virtual hard disk used with VM cluster configurations when multiple VMs have access to the same virtual hard disk for fault tolerance and load-balancing applications.

Aggregated policy

A storage QoS policy that applies the minimum and maximum IOPS values to a set of virtual disks working as a whole.

Dedicated policy

A storage QoS policy that applies the minimum and maximum values to each virtual disk to which the policy is applied.

Dynamically expanding disks

A virtual hard disk in which the .vhd file is very small when created but can expand as additional space is needed.

Fixed-size disks

A virtual hard disk in which the disk's full size is allocated on the host system when it's created.

Virtual instance

An installation of Windows Server 2016 in a Hyper-V virtual machine.

800 MB 32 MB

Approximately how much RAM does Windows Server 2016 running Hyper-V need? How much additional ram is needed for each VM that's been allocated 1 GB?

C. Shut down the VMs. Apply the checkpoint to each VM, and delete all checkpoints in Hyper-V Manager. Change the path of the checkpoint files to the other volume, and create a new checkpoint for each VM.

Checkpoints for your test VMs are taking up too much space on the host's system disk. You have two test VMs running, each with one checkpoint to represent the baseline testing environment. You're finished with your current testing and are ready for another round of testing, but you want to make sure your checkpoints are stored on another volume. What should you do? A. In Hyper-V Manager, change the checkpoints' path in the Settings window to point to the other volume; the checkpoints are moved automatically. B. Use File Explorer to move the checkpoint files from their current location to the other volume. C. Shut down the VMs. Apply the checkpoint to each VM, and delete all checkpoints in Hyper-V Manager. Change the path of the checkpoint files to the other volume, and create a new checkpoint for each VM. D. In each VM's settings, change the checkpoint path. Apply the checkpoint, and then create a new checkpoint for each VM. Delete the old checkpoints in File Explorer.

Authorization Manager

Fine tuning permission tool that allows an administrator to set specific users or groups to perform only specific tasks.

AzMan.msc

Command to use in the run dialog box to start Authorization Manager.

512 MB

Minimum amount of RAM required for Windows Server 2016.

VHDX

Default disk option that provides resiliency to problems that may occur from power failures or host systems. Only usable on Windows 2012 or later.

C:\ProgramData\Microsoft\Windows\Hyper-V\Snapshots folder

Default location for checkpoint storage.

256

Default number of addresses contained in the MAC address pool.

Expand

Disk editing option that allows you to make a fixed-size or dynamically expanding disk larger.

Shrink

Disk editing option that allows you to make a fixed-size or dynamically expanding disk smaller.

Convert

Disk editing option that changes a dynamically expanding disk to a fixed-size disk or vice versa.

Compact

Disk editing option that reduces the size of a dynamically expanding disk by eliminating the space used by deleted files.

Emulated drivers

Drivers installed on a VM that are used when Integration Services isn't installed; also called legacy drivers.

Single-root I/O virtualization (SR-IOV)

Enhances a virtual network adapter's performance by allowing a virtual adapter to bypass the virtual switch software on the parent partition and communicate directly with the physical hardware.

Enhanced Session Mode

Feature that improves interaction and device redirection between the host computer and the Virtual Machine Connection console.

network adapter via PXE (or DVD if ISO specified)

Generation 2 default boot option.

Dynamic Memory

Hyper-V feature that allows an administrator to set startup, minimum, and maximum memory allocation values for each VM.

Resource metering

Hyper-V feature that allows vendors of large-scale virtualization to measure customer use of VM resources for billing purposes.

MAC spoofing

If this option is enabled, the VM can change the source MAC address on outgoing packets, and the virtual switch is allowed to "learn" addresses other than the one assigned to the virtual adapter.

A. Remote server management

If you choose to install Hyper-V in a Nano Server deployment, what type of server management must be implemented to manage Hyper-V? A. Remote server management B. Local server management C. Virtual server management D. Local host server management

Sysprep

If you import a VM in which the original VM is a member of a domain, you must run _______ on the guest OS before you can make it a member of the same domain as the exported VM.

.bin .vsv

If you save a VM's state, two files are created. A file with a ____ extension contains the contents of the saved VM's memory, and a file with a ____ extension contains the saved state of the VM's devices.

Integration Services

Provides enhanced drivers for the guest OS and improves performance and functionality for IDE and SCSI storage devices, network interfaces, and mouse and video devices.

2 TB

Maximum disk size for VHD.

64 TB

Maximum disk size for VHDX.

50

Maximum number of checkpoints that can be created per VM.

System Center Virtual Machine Manager (SCVMM)

Microsoft tool for managing multiple Hyper-V hosts.

NUMA nodes

Name of the groups that NUMA divides memory and processors into.

NUMA spanning

Process where if more memory is needed than can be allocated from a single NUMA node, additional memory is allocated from another NUMA node.

Standard checkpoint

Original type of checkpoint that captures the state of a VM, including the running state, if desired.

VHD

Original virtual disk format that provides backward compatibility with virtual machines created in OSs prior to Windows Server 2012.

systeminfo

PowerShell command to run a system requirement check for Hyper-V.

Secure boot

Prevents unauthorized code from running during a system boot.

Non-Uniform Memory Access (NUMA)

System memory architecture used in multiprocessor systems that allows processors to more efficiently share memory.

GUID 128 32

The ____ is the unique identifier for the VM and is ___ bits in length or __ hexadecimal digits.

True

True or False? Fixed-size disks are recommended when the VM needs to run disk-intensive applications.

True

True or False? Generation 1 VMs could network boot only with IPv4.

True

True or False? NUMA settings will have no effect on a VM that has Dynamic Memory enabled.

True

True or False? No configuration is needed for smart paging other than its location on the host, which is C:\ProgramData\Microsoft\Windows\Hyper-V by default.

False. In Server 2012 and later this setting is enabled by default.

True or False? PowerShell remoting is enabled by default on Windows Server 2008 and later.

False. It is enabled by default

True or False? Secure boot is disabled by default, but it is recommended to enable it, as it prevents unauthorized code from running at startup.

True

True or False? The terms virtual network interface card (vNIC) and virtual network adapter are equivalent.

True

True or False? You can configure a VM to start and shut down automatically when the host server starts and shuts down.

True

True or False? You can't import a VM that already exists in Hyper-V.

False. You should always use Hyper-V Manager to delete checkpoints, the rest is true.

True or False? You should never use Hyper-V Manager to delete checkpoints. Checkpoint files shouldn't be deleted manually unless the VM has been deleted because the files must be merged with the original hard disk file.

Virtual processors

Virtual representations of physical processors or processor cores.

Nested Virtualization

Virtualization that runs inside an already virtualized environment.

Administrators Hyper-V Administrators

What are the two groups assigned to the administrator role by default in Authorization Manager?

.vhdx

What is the extension used by Hyper-V virtual hard disks?

B. Export the first VM, and import it with the Copy the virtual machine option to create the second VM.

You created a VM running Windows Server 2016 and some applications. You want to create a second VM quickly that has the same configuration options and installed applications as the first one. You plan to use this second VM on the same Hyper-V server as the first. You want good disk performance from both VMs. What should you do? A. Create a VM with a differencing disk. Assign the first VM's virtual disk as the parent disk; the first VM will continue to use its original virtual disk. B. Export the first VM, and import it with the Copy the virtual machine option to create the second VM. C. Create a VM. Create a checkpoint of the first VM. Copy and rename the checkpoint file and use it for the second VM's virtual hard disk. D. Export the first VM and import it using the Register the virtual machine in place option. Use the imported VM as the second virtual server.

D. Discrete Device Assignment

You currently have an application server VM running on your Windows Server 2016 Hyper-V server. Your application server VM's performance would benefit greatly if the host machine's SSD drives could be accessed by allowing the application server VM to bypass the Hyper-V hypervisor. What feature in Windows Server 2016 Hyper-V can give your application server VM exclusive access to hardware devices on the host computer? A. Hyper-V Manager B. Authorization Manager C. Virtual Device Assignment D. Discrete Device Assignment

A. Enable Dynamic Memory on all the VMs, and set the startup memory higher than the minimum memory

You currently have four VMs running on a Hyper-V server. You need to increase the amount of memory to VM4 so that you can install a new application. You're running low on physical memory. You tried to allocate less memory to the other three VMs to free up memory, but after you did so, they wouldn't start. What can you do that doesn't involve installing additional physical memory on the host or changing the configuration of the guest OSs? A. Enable Dynamic Memory on all the VMs, and set the startup memory higher than the minimum memory B. Configure resource metering on all four VMs C. Uninstall server roles on the guest OSs until you have enough free memory for D. Enable memory Quality of Service (QoS) on the other three VMs and set a maximum IOPS for their memory use

C. Create a VM on your Hyper-V server. On the old server, run a physical-to-virtual conversion. Use the resulting virtual hard disk file as the virtual disk for the new VM. Take the old server offline.

You have an old server running Windows Server 2016 that has had intermittent hardware failures in the past few months that cause the server to shut down. You haven't been able to isolate the problem, but you suspect that the hard disks are beginning to fail, and the server is no longer under warranty. You have been using a Hyper-V server for about a year with two VMs running on it. This quad-core server has plenty of disk space and ample processing power and memory. Which of the following might be a good solution for the ailing server that requires the least amount of cost and administrative effort? A. Purchase a new machine. Remove the hard disk from the old server, and install it in the new server. B. Create a VM on your Hyper-V server. Remove the hard disk from the old machine, and install it in the Hyper-V server. Set the disk offline and use it as a pass-through disk for the new VM. C. Create a VM on your Hyper-V server. On the old server, run a physical-to-virtual conversion. Use the resulting virtual hard disk file as the virtual disk for the new VM. Take the old server offline. D. Create a VM on your Hyper-V server. Install Windows Server 2016 as the guest OS. Carefully configure the guest OS to match the old server's configuration, and take the old server offline.

B. Authorization Manager

You have decided that you would like a junior administrator to have the ability to perform limited tasks in Hyper-V Manager. However, you do not want the junior administrator to have broader administrative control over your system. What management console will specifically allow you to configure your Hyper-V permissions to accomplish this task? A. Virtual Device Manager B. Authorization Manager C. Hyper-V Manager D. System Management Console

A. Apply

You have four checkpoints of a VM. You want to return the VM to its state when the second checkpoint was taken. Which checkpoint option should you use? A. Apply B. Save C. Select D. Revert

C. Child partition

You have just placed a new Windows Server 2016 with Hyper-V server into production; this server is the management partition. Which of the following best describes a new virtual machine installed on this system? A. Parent partition B. Secondary partition C. Child partition D. Virtual partition

A. Install more RAM

You have just purchased a server with Windows Server 2016 Datacenter Edition installed. The server has 4 GB RAM, a 200 GB hard disk, and an Intel 1.6 GHz Xeon processor with Intel-VT. You plan to install the Hyper-V server role on this server and run two Windows Server 2016 VMs, each with a 2 GB RAM allocation. You have discovered that this server does not work for this purpose. What should you do? A. Install more RAM B. Install a bigger hard disk C. Install Standard Edition D. Upgrade the processor

B. Two virtual instances

You have just purchased and installed Windows Server 2016 Standard Edition. How many virtual instances of Windows Server 2016 can you run on a fully licensed host computer without purchasing an additional Windows Server 2016 license? A. One virtual instance B. Two virtual instances C. Three virtual instances D. Unlimited virtual instances

B. Set a startup delay for each VM, making sure the delay for the DNS server is lower than the application servers

You solved the problem with VMs not starting when the host restarts, but now you notice that VMs take a long time to start when the host starts. On some hosts, you have as many as six VMs. You also find that the VM running an application server can't initialize correctly because the VM running DNS isn't available immediately. What can you do to improve VMs' startup times and solve the application server problem? A. Set a virtual machine priority in Hyper-V's Settings window B. Set a startup delay for each VM, making sure the delay for the DNS server is lower than the application servers C. Change the BIOS settings of the DNS server to use the Quick Boot option D. Assign more virtual processors to the VMs you want to start faster

A. Enable Enhanced Session mode in Hyper-V, and verify that Remote Desktop Services is running on the guest

You're using a VM with a Windows 8.1 Pro guest OS to run applications that you want isolated from the host computer and the LAN. However, you want to be able to print from the VM to the printer connected to your host and copy files between the host and guest OS. What can you enable to accomplish this task? A. Enable Enhanced Session mode in Hyper-V, and verify that Remote Desktop Services is running on the guest B. Create shares on the host and VM to transfer files back and forth, and install a printer driver on the guest OS C. Connect the VM running Windows 8.1 to an external virtual switch D. Install Integration Services on the Windows 8.1 guest OS and enable the device-sharing and file-sharing options

C. Install Integration Services on the VM

You're working with a Windows Server 2003 VM in Hyper-V. Every time you click the mouse in the VM window, it's captured, and you must press Ctrl+Alt+left arrow to use the mouse on the host OS, which is getting annoying. What can you do to make using the VM easier? A. Install a new mouse on the host system that supports Hyper-V B. Install Integration Services on the host computer C. Install Integration Services on the VM D. Install emulated mouse drivers on the VM

D. Change the automatic start action setting on the VMs

Your network has had long power outages that have caused Hyper-V servers to shut down after the UPS battery is drained. When power returns, the Hyper-V servers restart automatically, but the VMs don't start. You need to make sure the VMs start when the host starts. What should you do? A. Change the VMs' BIOS settings B. A script on host that starts the VMs automatically at startup. C. Reinstall Integration Services D. Change the automatic start action setting on the VMs

Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI)

____ firmware instead of traditional PC BIOS—Enhances the VM's hardware environment and removes the 2.2 TB partition limit for the boot volume.

Storage Quality of Service (QoS)

___________ enables administrators to specify minimum and maximum performance values for virtual hard disks.