COA PSY-150 Final Exam Prep (Tests)

In which lobe is the motor cortex located? Select one: a. Frontal lobe b. Occipital lobe c. Temporal lobe d. Parietal lobe

a. Frontal lobe

Which of the following statements regarding schizophrenia is TRUE? Select one: a. It accounts for about 40% of all admissions to public mental hospitals. b. It affects about one out of every 1000 Americans. c. Its first occurrence is usually when the person is about ten years old. d. Women tend to be diagnosed with schizophrenia at earlier ages than men. e. About three-fourths of those with schizophrenia will fully recover. f. All of the above

a. It accounts for about 40% of all admissions to public mental hospitals.

In the language of assessment, a test that measures and gives the same answer every time is called what? Select one: a. Reliable b. Valid c. Standardized d. Invariant

a. Reliable

Which two people are likely to have the highest degree of correlation between their IQ scores? Select one: a. Sue and Shana, identical twins raised apart b. Tom and Lila, fraternal twins raised by the same parents c. Heath and his son, Quinn d. Siblings Esai and Carlos e. Samantha and her adopted daughter, Luella

a. Sue and Shana, identical twins raised apart

Acute stressors improve immune functioning in the body. Select one: a. TRUE b. FALSE

a. TRUE

Biofeedback devices help subjects identify their physical responses to stress in order to develop relaxation techniques. Select one: a. TRUE b. FALSE

a. TRUE

News Coverage of disasters can result in stress. Select one: a. TRUE b. FALSE

a. TRUE

Using most tests of intelligence, the cut-off score for persons labeled "gifted" is Select one: a. above 130. b. above 150. c. below 70. d. above 100. e. above 50.

a. above 130.

Which drugs work by increasing the activity of the neurotransmitters norepinephrine and serotonin? Select one: a. antidepressants b. antipsychotics c. sleeping pills d. anti-inflammatories e. anti-anxiety medications

a. antidepressants

The term "drive" refers to motivation that has a basis in Select one: a. biology. b. emotions. c. history. d. feedback. e. thought.

a. biology.

Steroidal type hormones flood the __________ after a serious stressor. Select one: a. bloodstream b. heart muscle c. hypothalamus d. adrenal glands e. brain stem

a. bloodstream

Much of the psychological literature equates creativity with Select one: a. divergent thinking. b. convergent thinking. c. intuition. d. artificial concepts. e. being a 'team player.'

a. divergent thinking.

Current psychologists believe that temperament Select one: a. has a strong genetic component. b. first emerges during adolescence. c. has no bearing on behavior. d. consists of the four humors. e. changes constantly.

a. has a strong genetic component.

A psychoanalyst would attribute a client's impulsive need to immediate gratification to an overactive Select one: a. id b. ego c. superego d. defense mechanisms e. instinct

a. id

Dr. Budweiser wants to determine how people respond to alcohol. He provides beer for 100 adults. For another 100 adults, he provides a non-alcoholic beer. Then, he measures everyone's mood. Those receiving the alcoholic beer would be Select one: a. in the experimental group. b. receiving the confounding variable. c. in a case study. d. in the placebo control group. e. receiving the independent variable.

a. in the experimental group.

If you believe that you hit a home run because of all the practicing you did, you are using an __________. If you believe that your home run was due to the pitcher throwing you an easy pitch and the wind blowing out, you are using an __________. Select one: a. internal locus of control; external locus of control b. intrinsic motivation; extrinsic motivation c. external locus of control; internal locus of control d. extrinsic motivation; intrinsic motivation e. unconscious motivation; internal locus of control

a. internal locus of control; external locus of control

Which of the following is the error George makes when he says "My foots hurt!"? Select one: a. overregularization. b. overgeneralization. c. discrimination. d. scaffolding. e. underregulation.

a. overregularization.

Simon LeVay found that a part of the __________ in homosexual men was significantly __________ than in heterosexual men. Select one: a. RAS; larger b. testicle; smaller c. hypothalamus; smaller d. thalamus; larger e. DNA structure; smoother

c. hypothalamus; smaller

The unconscious part of the personality which stores the fundamental drives is called the Select one: a. ego. b. superego. c. id. d. ego ideal. e. defense mechanism.

c. id.

Shyness Select one: a. seems to be decreasing in the population. b. cannot be learned. c. is not defined as a disorder by the DSM-IV. d. is discouraged by internet usage. e. is experienced by about one-tenth of the American populationShyness

c. is not defined as a disorder by the DSM-IV.

Following a disaster, those in the automatic action phase Select one: a. cannot fully comprehend what has happened b. experience psychic numbness c. may behave with little awareness of their actions d. use up their reserves of energy and collapse e. feel weary

c. may behave with little awareness of their actions

A high "n Ach" person is most likely to Select one: a. persevere on difficult tasks. b. get low grades in school. c. avoid competition when possible. d. stay at the same level in his company for quite a while. e. prefer to be a follower, rather than a leader.

a. persevere on difficult tasks.

Freud discussed when something in your memory has been hidden from you but still effects your behavior. We say that the memory is/was _____. Select one: a. repressed. b. blocked. c. a result of anterograde amnesia. d. a result of proactive interference. e. a result of retroactive interference. f. denied. g. transiencent.

a. repressed.

A heuristic is BEST described as a Select one: a. rule of thumb. b. step-by-step procedure. c. time-consuming process that guarantees success. d. schema. e. categorization process from general to specific.

a. rule of thumb.

According to the __________ view, other people have a large influence on our own behaviors. Select one: a. sociocultural b. engineering c. cognitive d. structuralist e. humanistic

a. sociocultural

In obsessive-compulsive disorder, it is the __________ that are obsessive and the __________ that are compulsive. Select one: a. thoughts; behaviors b. behaviors; thoughts c. stressors; actions d. actions; stressors e. situations; fears

a. thoughts; behaviors

Paula loves her son despite his criminal record. Paula is demonstrating Select one: a. unconditional positive regard. b. reflection of feeling. c. systematic desensitization. d. aversion therapy. e. a token economy.

a. unconditional positive regard.

Which of the following drugs resemble the body's endorphins Select one: a. barbiturates and alcohol b. xanax and haldol c. morphine and codeine d. serotonin and dopamine e. benzodiazepines and clozapine

c. morphine and codeine

Which of the following aspects of personality is associated with fewer physical symptoms of illness? Select one: a. rationalism b. constructive criticism c. optimism d. having a balanced time perspective e. using more defense mechanisms f. none of the above

c. optimism

Peter suffers damage to his left frontal lobe and loses the ability to speak, although he can still understand speech. Despite the permanence of the damage, he is able to recover some of his speech due to the ability of other parts of the brain to take over lost function. This phenomenon where the brain changes is known by neuroscientists as Select one: a. homeostasis. b. adaptiveness. c. plasticity. d. flexibility. e. compensation.

c. plasticity.

Who sleeps the least? Select one: a. none of the other answers is correct b. newborns c. senior citizens Correct d. children e. young adults f. teenagers

c. senior citizens

What is the nerve's cell body also called? Select one: a. synapse b. myelin c. soma d. nucleus e. dendrite

c. soma

An optimistic thinking style involves a belief that problems are Select one: a. general, external, and permanent. b. temporary, internal, and specific. c. specific, external, and temporary. d. general, uncontrollable, and permanent. e. controllable, permanent, and global. f. none of the above

c. specific, external, and temporary.

According to the Social Readjustment Rating Scale, the life event with the most associated stress is Select one: a. being fired. b. going to jail. c. the death of a spouse. d. a severe personal injury. e. divorce.

c. the death of a spouse.

The humanistic approach toward psychology emphasizes Select one: a. our destructive tendencies. b. unconscious motivations and biochemical processes. c. the positive side of human nature. d. stimulus-response relationships in humans. e. the deterministic nature of human environments.

c. the positive side of human nature.

When Pavlov first presented a tone to the dog, what was the dog's first response? Select one: a. a negative reinforcer. b. none of the other answers is correct. Incorrect c. to look in the direction of the sound. d. insight learning. e. a classically-conditioned response. f. an operant response.

c. to look in the direction of the sound.

Addiction is determined by the presence of which of the following? Select one: a. withdrawal and psychological dependence. b. tolerance and physiological dependence. c. withdrawal and physiological dependence. d. tolerance and psychological dependence. e. tolerance and withdrawal.

c. withdrawal and physiological dependence.

__________ therapies are focused on the patient's self-concept, values, and needs. Select one: a. Social b. Systematic c. Behavioral d. Biomedical e. Humanistic insight

e. Humanistic insight

Noam Chomsky predicted which of the following existed to prepare us to learn grammar? Select one: a. Our ego integrity b. Teratogens c. Language contact comfort d. Fear ambivalence e. Language Acquisition Device f. None of the other answers is correct

e. Language Acquisition Device

Supermale syndrome is which of the following chromosome abnormalities? Select one: a. Three Y chromosomes (YYY) b. A mistake in chromosome number 24 c. An extra X chromosome (XXY or XXX) d. Only one X chromosome (X-) e. None of the other answers is correct

e. None of the other answers is correct

The concept of the unconscious is most associated with Select one: a. Roger Sperry. b. Michael Gazzaniga. c. Robert Ross. d. Rene Descartes. e. Sigmund Freud.

e. Sigmund Freud.

Refer to the picture above and match the following items (Brain Picture is not exact quiz/test Image) (cerebrum in image is same as cerebral cortex) on the test the numbers on the image are switched #2 is pituitary gland. while on the quiz #8 is the pituitary gland What does 1 point to? What does 2 point to? What does 3 point to? What does 4 point to? What does 5 point to? What does 6 point to? What does 7 point to? What does 8 point to?

1) Hypothalamus 2) Thalamus 3) Cerebral Cortex 4) Corpus Calosum 5) Cerebellum 6) Medula 7) Pons 8) Pituitary Gland

Match the following items on the left to one on the right. There are answers that will not be used. 1)Cones 2)Ultra violet 3)Lens 4)Rods 5)Hue 6)Pupil 7)Iris 8)Cornea

1) are sensitive to wavelength 2) cannot be seen by the human eye 3) transparent inner part of the eye 4) are sensitive to light intensity 5) the color of light 6) lets light into the eye 7) a muscle in the eye 8) transparent outer part of the eye

An Hermaphrodite is a person with one set of sexual organs and an opposite gender identity. Select one: True False

False

Classical Conditioning cannot be used to change the Immune system's response to disease. Select one: True False

False

Professionals are consistently found to be more effective than paraprofessionals in psychology. Select one: True

False

Self-help groups must be directed by health care professionals. Select one: True False

False

) Reciprocal inhibition and systematic desensitization are behavioral techniques used to treat fears. Select one: True False

True

Americans tend to prefer competition to cooperation. Select one: True False

True

An animal's instincts are generally called "fixed action patterns" by ethologists. Select one: True False

True

The cones in the eye help you distinguish red from blue in good light. Select one: True False

True

Deanna works full time at a tedious job, and has a demanding family. Deanna always wanted to learn Spanish. She decides to take evening classes in Spanish. If this goes well for her, it may be because Select one: a. the class increased the level of eustress in her life. b. she has a high level of immunosuppression. c. she is experiencing a case of general adaptation syndrome. d. she is in a state of denial about her stress. e. she is utilizing the SRRS.

a. the class increased the level of eustress in her life.

Who theorized that organisms evolve by passing on advantageous traits to their offspring? Select one: a. Philip Zimbardo b. Charles Darwin c. B.F. Skinner d. Sigmund Freud e. John Watson

b. Charles Darwin

The loss of responsiveness in receptor cells is due to which of the following? Select one: a. absolute threshold. b. sensory adaption. c. signal detection. d. Weber's law. e. equilibrium. f. unchanged stimulation g. both answers B and F

b. sensory adaption.

Mr. Gutner is using a device that pumps air into his lungs and keeps his airway open during sleep because he suffers from Select one: a. narcolepsy. b. sleep apnea. c. cataplexy. d. insomnia. e. sleep paralysis.

b. sleep apnea.

The medical model of mental disorder is most associated with which of the following? Select one: a. clinicians. b. psychologists. c. psychiatrists. d. cognitive scientists. e. researchers.

c. psychiatrists.

During the last sleep cycle of the night, you might spend as long as __________ minutes in REM sleep. Select one: a. 30 b. 90 c. 150 d. 60 e. 10

d. 60

Studies of canine __________, led __________ to discover __________ conditioning. Select one: a. monkeys; Skinner; operant b. rabbits; Watson; observational c. mental events; Plato; aerobic d. digestion; Pavlov; classical e. dogs; Bandura; insight

d. digestion; Pavlov; classical

Some animal species have an innate predisposition to form attachment. What is this tendency called? Select one: a. menarche. b. centration. c. assimilation. d. imprinting. e. discontinuity.

d. imprinting.

What is the sensory memory capacity for all of the five senses combined? Select one: a. none of the other answers is correct b. 16 c. seven (plus or minus two) items. d. two or three items per sense. e. 80 f. limitless number of items

e. 80

__________ involves feelings, behavioral expression, and physiological arousal. Select one: a. Motivation b. Sensation c. Instinct d. Locus of control e. Emotion

e. Emotion

Cones in the eye outnumber the Rods in the eye. Select one: True False

False

Interval scheduling is based on the number of responses where as ratios are based on time. Select one: True False

False

The most famous of Karen Horney's concepts is the introversion vs. extraversion principle. Select one: True False

False

Using modern techniques, treatment for schizophrenia is usually short-term. Select one: True False

False

Brainstorming is based on the assumption that __________ is effective. Select one: a. convergent thinking b. divergent thinking c. an algorithm d. the anchoring bias e. working backward

b. divergent thinking

Emotions that a fast responding are tied to the Implicit memory system. Select one: True False

True

If Carrie receives $20 an hour to stuff envelopes, she is on a fixed interval schedule of reinforcement. Select one: True False

True

Jerome Kagan found that even newborns differ in the degree to which they are shy or bold. Select one: True False

True

Negative reinforcement increases the probability of a response, and positive punishment decreases the probability of a response. Select one: True False

True

Panic disorders and depression occur more commonly in women than men. Select one: True False

True

Reinforcers always follow and strengthen a response. Select one: True False

True

Typically, couples therapy is more effective than individual therapy for resolving marital problems. Select one: True False

True

What are the two main kinds of declarative memory? Select one: a. semantic and episodic memory. b. procedural and declarative memory. c. recognition and recall. d. encoding and rehearsal. e. immediate and eventual memory.

What is it called when someone puts a large number of items together into a few groupings to be able to recite them later? Select one: a. recognition. b. grouponing c. chunking. d. eidetic imagery. e. representionalizing f. maintenance rehearsal. g. long-term potentiation.

Alexandra hears voices that aren't really there. What is Alexandra experiencing? Select one: a. obsessions. b. hallucinations. c. compulsions. d. delusions. e. sensory residuals. f. none of the above.

Which approach to psychological disorders concentrates on abnormalities in the brain and nervous system? Select one: a. behavioral b. biopsychology c. psychodynamic d. cognitive e. immunology

Persons with schizophrenia have a higher-than-normal level of Select one: a. acetylcholine. b. dopamine. c. endorphins. d. GABA. e. serotonin.

b. dopamine.

Of the approximately 300 million people in the United States, about how many attend self-help groups every week? Select one: a. 1 million b. 15 million c. 30 million d. 75 million e. 100 million

b. 15 million

Brad began shoplifting when he was eleven years old. __________ might suggest that this behavior has been learned by observing the behavior of a new, undesirable, role model. Select one: a. Karen Horney b. Albert Bandura c. Julian Rotter d. Erik Erikson e. Carl Jung

b. Albert Bandura

Which of the following is true of the brain as a result of experiences? Select one: a. Its structure can change, but its functions cannot. b. Both its functions and structure can change. c. Its functions can change, but its structure cannot. d. Neither its functions nor its structure can change. e. Researchers have not yet been able to determine whether its functions or its structure can change.

b. Both its functions and structure can change.

The concept of Eugenics includes which of the following ideas? Select one: a. Manipulation of genetics should have no part in the improvement of the human species b. Darwin was incorrect in his belief about a species' fitness c. Some people are genetically superior while others are genetically inferior d. Science should not meddle in public policy e. None of the other answers is correct

b. Darwin was incorrect in his belief about a species' fitness

Phil is a 5 year old and when tested has a mental age of 7 years. Thus, what do we know about his chronological age? Select one: a. His IQ matches his chronological age. b. His chronological age is 5 years. c. The average age of people receiving that score is 7 years. d. Phil got about seven questions right in each section of the test. e. Nothing from the information that is provided.

b. His chronological age is 5 years.

If Raphael was deprived of REM sleep for a night, the next night he would have Select one: a. no REM sleep. b. REM rebound c. the same REM sleep as usual. d. even less REM sleep than usual. e. none of the other answers is correct f. only REM sleep.

b. REM rebound

What can we say about genetic disorders? Select one: a. They cannot be helped by learning and environmental factors. b. They can sometimes be improved by learning-based treatments. c. They demonstrate the total dominance of heredity over environment. d. They can be completely alleviated by factors such as environment and learning. e. They can be cured by utilizing genetic-based treatments.

b. They can sometimes be improved by learning-based treatments.

When we behave in a manner we can not explain Freud said we are driven by what kind of information? Select one: a. Conscious b. Un-conscious c. Unattended d. Sub-conscious e. Non-conscious f. Pre-conscious

b. Un-conscious

External stimuli that we are not conscious of are called __________ information. Select one: a. Pre-conscious b. Unattended c. Un-conscious d. Sub-conscious e. Conscious f. Non-conscious

b. Unattended

If someone feels euphoric and hyperactive, that person may be experiencing which of the following? Select one: a. a panic attack. b. a manic episode. c. dementia. d. a fugue. e. hypochondriasis.

b. a manic episode.

When told that she was pregnant, Peg says, "That can't be. I just had sex one time, and I am using birth control." Freud would say that Peg is using which defense mechanism? Select one: a. repression b. denial c. projection d. immunosuppression e. regression

b. denial

If you believe that the mind makes a coherent story out of spontaneous brain stem discharges, you Select one: a. support the notion of narcolepsy. b. endorse the activation-synthesis dream model. c. take a humanistic view on dreams. d. believe in the psychoanalytic perspective. e. disagree with Hobson and McCarley.

b. endorse the activation-synthesis dream model.

When 'losing' yourself in a good book and later noticing that you forgot to eat dinner and to watch your favorite TV show, you have experienced Select one: a. growth motivation. b. flow. c. the emotional wheel. d. lateralization of emotion. e. overjustification.

b. flow.

Buck watches as Janet trips. Buck assumes this occurred because Janet is a klutz (rather than thinking it was because the sidewalk was filled with gravel). Buck has committed which common error? Select one: a. stereotyping b. fundamental attribution Correct c. labeling d. validity e. reliability

b. fundamental attribution

After the outcome is known, people often have distorted thinking about their original expectations due to Select one: a. confirmation bias. b. hindsight bias. c. representativeness heuristic. d. availability heuristic. e. their prototypes.

b. hindsight bias.

Sherral wants to go uptown to see her friends and have fun, whereas Eric wants to go for the free pizza. Sherral is going out due to __________ motivation, whereas Eric has __________ motivation. Select one: a. extrinsic; intrinsic b. intrinsic; extrinsic c. deferred; peripheral d. peripheral; deferred e. conscious; unconscious

b. intrinsic; extrinsic

Social learning would predict that if Danny watches his mother behave violently, and she receives a negative consequence for that behavior, then Danny will _____________. Select one: a. learn to avoid his mother. b. learn not to do what his mother did. c. disapprove of his mother. d. behave violently, too. e. become fearful of her. f. strongly oppose violence.

b. learn not to do what his mother did.

What is the term for the predictable process of growth that is typical of all species' members reared in adequate environments? Select one: a. habituation b. maturation c. temperament d. differentiation e. dishabituation

b. maturation

What are the method of loci and natural language mediators? Select one: a. chunking strategies b. mnemonic strategies c. priming techniques d. levels of memory processing e. retrieval strategies f. long term potentiation

b. mnemonic strategies

The network of glands that manufacture and secrete hormones is one communication pathway. What is the other? Select one: a. neurotransmitter pathway. b. nervous system. c. myelin sheath. d. endocrine system. e. hormonal network.

b. nervous system.

Which of the following is called the "master gland"? Select one: a. thyroid gland. b. pituitary gland. c. thalamus. d. adrenal gland. e. hypothalamus.

b. pituitary gland.

The word "patient" is often used by professionals who take a __________ approach. Select one: a. humanistic b. psychoanalytic c. behavioral d. cognitive e. biological f. Counseling Psychologist g. Pastoral Counselor h. Social Worker

b. psychoanalytic

When a young boy likes a young girl, he may pull her hair and tease her. This is an example of which ego defense mechanism? Select one: a. displacement b. reaction formation c. rationalization d. repression e. denial

b. reaction formation

In old age people tend to reduce their friends to the most important social contacts. What did we say this was called? Select one: a. none of the other answers is correct b. selective social interaction c. demographic friendship d. generativity e. social differentiation f. postformal thought

b. selective social interaction

A challenging or threatening situation is called _______ Select one: a. strain b. stressor c. moderating variable d. stress e. immunosuppression

b. stressor

The most important aspect of a hypothesis is that it must be Select one: a. believable. b. testable. c. sensible. d. personal. e. complex.

b. testable.

Shelley has just learned to produce speech like sounds and to take turns with vocalizations. Shelley is now using full words and is most likely in which stage of speech production? Select one: a. telegraphic b. the one-word stage c. scaffolding d. babbling e. formal operational

b. the one-word stage

The missing term in the following concept hierarchy food, frozen, desserts, __________ is Select one: a. brownies. b. vanilla ice cream. c. main courses. d. side dishes. e. edibles.

b. vanilla ice cream.

Patricia has a collie dog at home. When Patricia sees a cow for the first time he says "look at the dog"! Her parents have to explain the difference. Which of the following words would Piaget use to describe this example? Select one: a. Accommodation b. Egocentrism c. Assimilation d. Centration

c. Assimilation

What is Agoraphobia? Select one: a. Fear of blood. b. Fear of needles. c. Fear of being in public places or open spaces. d. Fear of being in closed spaces. e. Fear of shopping.

c. Fear of being in public places or open spaces.

In dreams what are our true feelings known as? Select one: a. Consensual validation b. Lucid Dreaming c. Latent Content d. Manifest Content e. Dream Work

c. Latent Content

What is Naturalistic Observation? Select one: a. Observation and interaction with the subject in a natural setting b. None of the other answers is correct c. Observation made in a non-contrived setting without interfering in behavior d. Observation done in a scientifically controlled observation laboratory e. Observation made without interference in a contrived setting

c. Observation made in a non-contrived setting without interfering in behavior

When Bob fell he had trouble seeing clearly. What part of his brain was most likely damadged? Select one: a. Temporal lobe b. Parietal lobe c. Occipital lobe d. Frontal lobe

c. Occipital lobe

Once a CR has been conditioned to a particular CS a similar stimulus may also elicit a recurrence of the response. Which of the following describe this condition? Select one: a. Instinctual drift b. None of the other answers is correct c. Stimulus generalization d. Stimulus inference e. Spontaneous recovery

c. Stimulus generalization

A Blind Experiment is defined as which of the following? Select one: a. The subjects are visually impaired b. The subjects receive a placebo treatment c. The subjects do not know if they received the treatment or not d. The experimenters are visually impaired e. The experimenters do not know who got the treatment f. None of the other answers is correct

c. The subjects do not know if they received the treatment or not

The IQ test for the youngest children is called the ________ . Select one: a. WAIS-R b. WISC-III c. WPPSI d. Stanford-Binet e. All of the above f. None of the above

c. WPPSI

Which drug is the #1 leading cause of preventable mental retardation? Select one: a. sleeping pills b. nicotine c. alcohol d. caffeine e. opium f. none of the other answers is correct g. cocaine

c. alcohol

What is it called when someone puts a large number of items together into a few groupings to be able to recite them later? Select one: a. recognition. b. grouponing c. chunking. d. eidetic imagery. e. representionalizing f. maintenance rehearsal. g. long-term potentiation.

c. chunking.

What is the internal mechanism associated with patterns of sleep and wakefulness called? Select one: a. parasympathetic arousal response b. limbic system c. circadian rhythm d. biological clock e. none of the other answers is correct

c. circadian rhythm

"The whole is more than the sum of its parts". What is it called when we see incomplete figures as whole? Select one: a. environmental adaptation. b. Gestalt psychology. c. closure d. the artificial intelligence approach. e. top-down processing. f. phi phenomenon g. experience-based inference.

c. closure

Psychological models believe that psychological problems are equally due to what? Select one: a. historical, sexual, and physical factors. b. fear, anxiety, and stress. c. cognitive, environmental, and biological factors. d. the family, the individual, and society. e. the unconscious, our senses, and our pre-existing beliefs.

c. cognitive, environmental, and biological factors.

Both negative and positive punishers always __________ the likelihood of certain responses that ensue. Select one: a. increase b. have no effect on c. decrease d. eliminate e. extinguish

c. decrease

Goleman's research testing four-year-olds' ability to delay __________, revealed that those with stronger self-control were more likely to succeed in later life. Select one: a. intelligence b. cognition c. gratification d. toilet training e. embarrassment

c. gratification

Brian learns to bake an apple crisp after watching Wolfgang Puck prepare one on his TV show. Examples of observational learning, such as this one, are the focus of the theory of Select one: a. Carl Jung. b. Karen Horney. c. Carl Rogers. d. Albert Bandura. e. Julian Rotter.

d. Albert Bandura.

Which of the following situations involves a self-fulfilling prophecy? Select one: a. Cheryl is very smart, so her parents enroll her in a program for gifted students. b. June is a great tennis player because she had an excellent coach. c. Andy is hungry, so he makes himself a tuna fish sandwich. d. Laura thinks her child is shy, so she protects the child from the world, and thus the child grows up shy. e. Kyle believes that Sue will not want to go on a date with him, but she does.

d. Laura thinks her child is shy, so she protects the child from the world, and thus the child grows up shy.

Psychologists are likely to have any of the following degrees EXCEPT which one? Select one: a. Master's b. PsyD c. EdD d. MD e. PhD

d. MD

Assimilation occurs when people do which of the following? Select one: a. Believe that objects exist even if we can't see them at that moment. b. Forget information that has not been accessed recently. c. Update or change existing schemes as a result of new information. d. Modify new information to fit into what is already known. e. Add increasingly more symbolic representations of outer reality.

d. Modify new information to fit into what is already known.

This person was a famous Humanist. Select one: a. Hall b. Skinner c. None of the other answers is correct d. Rogers e. Wundt f. Watson g. Calkins h. Dewy i. Freud j. Tichener k. James

d. Rogers

The two main parts of the Peripheral Nervous system are Select one: a. Hind Brain and Fore Brain b. Sympathetic and Parasympathetic c. Brain and Spinal Cord d. Somatic and Autonomic

d. Somatic and Autonomic

Neuro transmitters are stored in Select one: a. The nodes of ranvier b. Synaptic clefts c. Dendrite branches d. Synaptic vesicles e. Soma

d. Synaptic vesicles

At the moment Jack was conceived, he received __________ chromosome from his mother and __________ chromosome from his father, each chromosome containing __________ of genes. Select one: a. Y; X; thousands b. 22; 22; thousands c. 46; 46; thousands d. X; Y; thousands e. 24; 24; hundreds f. 46; 46; hundreds g. 2; 2; dozens

d. X; Y; thousands

While in the two-word stage, a child would be LEAST likely to say which of the following? Select one: a. Daddy go b. Mama here c. Doggie there d. TV on e. Couch want f. None of the other answers is correct

e. Couch want

If Sheena's favorite video store is using a fixed interval schedule of reinforcement, she is most likely to receive a free video Select one: a. every now and then; it's unpredictable. b. after she has rented twelve videos. c. each time she is the lucky customer of the day. d. after she has been a customer there for one year. e. every time she rents a video.

d. after she has been a customer there for one year.

A punisher __________ the probability of a response; a negative reinforcer __________ the probability of a response; and a positive punisher __________ the probability of a response. Select one: a. decreases; decreases; increases b. increases; decreases; increases c. increases; increases; decreases d. decrease; increase; decrease e. decreases; increases; increases f. decreases; decreases; decreases

d. decrease; increase; decrease

What is Weber's law about? Select one: a. false alarms. b. none of the other answers is correct c. subliminal messages. d. difference thresholds. e. absolute thresholds. f. signal detection.

d. difference thresholds.

Insomnia Select one: a. affects about one in ten adults. b. occurs when breathing stops while sleeping. c. none of the other answers is correct d. does not mean that a person never sleeps e. involves frequent daytime sleeping. f. rarely affects American adults.

d. does not mean that a person never sleeps

What are the three memory functions? Select one: a. sensory; working; long term b. sensory; cognitive; short term c. sensory; working; short term d. encoding; storing; retrieving e. recall; recognition; rehearsal f. working; long term; short term

d. encoding; storing; retrieving

Research seems to indicate that ambiguous figures are seen in two different ways. Which of the following is the gestalt term for the part of the picture that commands our attention? Select one: a. perceptual sets. b. ground c. mental fatigue and exhaustion. d. figure e. phi phenomenon f. alternating between the left and right hemispheres. g. visual problems. h. alternating between the occipital and parietal lobes.

d. figure

The term 'psyche' means Select one: a. brain. b. people. c. thoughts. d. mind. e. processes.

d. mind.

Procedural memory Select one: a. is the same as implicit memory. b. is used most when one is recalling material for a test. c. cannot be consciously activated. d. none of the other answers is correct e. is the memory for how people treat you

d. none of the other answers is correct

Dr. Gregory has discovered that obese people tend to whistle More than skinny people. This indicates what kind of correlation between weight and the tendency to whistle? Select one: a. randomized b. placebo c. negative d. positive e. zero

d. positive

The sympathetic nervous system Select one: a. keeps rage and death instincts under control. b. only operates during times of low stress. c. permits people to react with empathy to tragic situations. d. prepares the body to meet a dangerous situation. e. inhibits the release of hormones.

d. prepares the body to meet a dangerous situation.

Shortly after Louisa learned that her mother had been killed in an automobile accident, she walked around her home town for hours not knowing where she was. She was probably exhibiting Select one: a. anticipatory coping. b. burnout. c. chronic stress. d. psychic numbness. e. disinhibition.

d. psychic numbness.

Rewarding behavior that is already intrinsically motivated may result in a Select one: a. sense of irritation. b. refusal to accept rewards of any kind. c. slower rate of learning. d. reduction in the rewarded behavior. e. new locus of control.

d. reduction in the rewarded behavior.

At birth, an infant ___________. Select one: a. can roll over, but not sit up or crawl. b. can only hear very high pitched sounds. c. none of the other answers is correct d. senses are all functioning e. is good at perceiving small objects. f. will recognize only its mother.

d. senses are all functioning

Declarative memory Select one: a. all of the answers are correct b. involves the memory for how to do things. c. includes the recollection of facts. d. was studied by Ebbinghaus. e. includes procedural memory.

d. was studied by Ebbinghaus.

Which of the following are among the most common teratogens? Select one: a. Tree pollen and Peanuts b. Alcohol and Peanuts c. none of the other answers is correct d. Sugar and Nicotine e. Alcohol and Nicotine f. Drinking and Smoking

e. Alcohol and Nicotine

A five year old child has just taken the Alfred Binet test of intelligence and has been told his metal age is nine. This means what? Select one: a. His chronological age is 5 b. He is less intelligent than most nine year olds c. His score equals the score of the average 9 year old d. He is more intelligent than most nine year olds e. Answers A and C f. none of the other answers is correct

e. Answers A and C

To increase eating in a rat you could do which of the following Select one: a. Stimulate the Lateral Hypothalamus b. Stimulate the Ventromedial Hypothalamus c. Lesion the Ventromedial Hypothalamus d. Lesion the Lateral Hypothalamus e. Both A and C f. Both B and D

e. Both A and C

A double Blind Experiment is defined as which of the following? (THIS IS A MULTIPLE ANSWER QUESTION) Select one or more: a. The subjects receive a placebo treatment b. The experimenters are visually impaired c. None of the other answers is correct d. The subjects are visually impaired e. The subjects do not know if they received the treatment or not f. The experimenters do not know who got the treatment

e. The subjects do not know if they received the treatment or not f. The experimenters do not know who got the treatment

Activation of the sympathetic nervous system causes what? Select one: a. heart rate increase b. blood pressure increase c. blood sugar levels increase d. perspiration increases e. all of the above are correct f. none of the above are correct

e. all of the above are correct

Which of the following describes why Andre says that his G.I. Joe is hungry? Select one: a. centration. b. anthropomorphism c. egocentrism. d. assimilation. e. animistic thinking. f. accommodation.

e. animistic thinking.

According to Piaget, new information is processed in two ways to fit in our schemes or modify our schemes. What are these two processes called? Select one: a. schemes and motor skills. b. none of the other answers is correct. c. competence and inferiority. d. overregularization and object permanence. e. assimilation and accommodation. f. egocentrism and centration.

e. assimilation and accommodation.

Even today we still do not know what makes a memory in the brain. We do have a name for it. Which of the following is that name? Select one: a. anterograde. b. elaboration. c. schema. d. long-term potentiation. e. engram.

e. engram.

Rob is preparing Chicken Baskini for Patty when he realizes that the chicken is supposed to be pounded out. So, he goes to the store to buy a cooking mallet. Rob never thought of using his rolling pin to flatten the chicken because of Select one: a. the representativeness heuristic. b. sampling bias. c. the confirmation bias. d. hindsight bias. e. functional fixedness.

e. functional fixedness.

While hypnotized, Scott does not notice his back pain. Scott is experiencing Select one: a. hypnotic meditation. b. hypnotic aphasia. c. hypnotic amnesia. d. autohypnosis. e. hypnotic analgesia.

e. hypnotic analgesia.

You have been married for 20 years. You recently see a 10 year old movie on TV. You mention to your wife how good the movie was and what a great time you had together watching it when it first was released. Your spouse says she never saw that movie and wants to know who it was that you took to see it! You are in trouble because of: Select one: a. absent mindedness. b. bias. c. suggestablity. d. retroactive blocking. e. missattribution.

e. missattribution.

Random changes to your genes is known as what? Select one: a. variations. b. recombinations. c. atypical distinction. d. biological differentiation. e. mutations.

e. mutations.

Hallucinogenic drugs affect receptor sites for the neurotransmitter Select one: a. adrenaline b. phencyclidine. c. psilocybin. d. melatonin. e. none of the other answers is correct f. norepinephrine.

e. none of the other answers is correct

The most important feature of behaviorism that distinguishes it from other approaches to psychology is that Select one: a. groups, not individuals, should be studied. b. mental abilities evolve just as physical characteristics do. c. a holistic view of a person is essential for understanding. d. consciousness is central to the study of the mind. e. only observable behavior is appropriate for study.

e. only observable behavior is appropriate for study.

As a result of __________, Lori knows that it is me. As a result of __________, she can see my face. Select one: a. sensation; perception b. perception; transduction c. olfaction; sensation d. olfaction; kinesthesia e. perception; sensation

e. perception; sensation

A secretary typist was out on long term sick leave. When she returned to work it took no time for her to type at her normal speed. This is due to which of the following? Select one: a. semantic memory. b. episodic memory. c. mnemonics. d. a flashbulb memory. e. procedural memory.

e. procedural memory.

Piaget's stages of cognitive development occur in which of the following sequences? Select one: a. preoperational; sensorimotor; concrete operational; formal operational b. preoperational; concrete operational; sensorimotor; formal operational c. sensorimotor; preconventional; conventional; postconventional d. sensorimotor; preoperational; concrete operational; postoperational e. sensorimotor; preoperational; concrete operational; formal operational

e. sensorimotor; preoperational; concrete operational; formal operational

During the Middle Ages, mental and physical illness were believed to be due to which of the following? Select one: a. genetics. b. an imbalance of humors. c. brain structure abnormality. d. unconscious conflicts. e. the Devil.

e. the Devil.

Alexander wants to find out if his hair color determines how much fun he has. He tries three different hair colors (blond, brown, and red) to see how much fun he has with each color. In this example, which of the following is the dependent variable? Select one: a. blond hair b. the type of fun he has c. the number of hair colors d. the three different hair colors e. the amount of fun he has

e. the amount of fun he has

Which of the following make up the lower level of the brain? Select one: a. the cerebrum only. b. the limbic system and the cerebral cortex. c. the cerebral cortex only. d. the limbic system only. e. the hindbrain and cerebellum.

e. the hindbrain and cerebellum.

The body position sense that orients us with respect to gravity is useful but which of the following is part of gestalt psychology? Select one: a. gustation. b. the vestibular sense. c. our kinesthetic sense. d. the olfactory sense. e. the law of Pragnanz.

e. the law of Pragnanz.

If Brianna weighs 125 pounds, but her scale always indicates that she weighs 143 pounds, we would say the scale is not Select one: a. objective. b. projective. c. conceptual. d. reliable. e. valid.

e. valid.

One of Pavlov's dogs had stopped salivating at the sound of the tone. The next day a different but similar tone was presented again and the dog began salivating. This is an example of what? Select one: a. shaping. b. spontaneous extinction. c. stimulus generalization. d. spontaneous recovery. e. differentiation. f. both C and D are correct.

f. both C and D are correct.

Upon returning to his hometown where he grew up and had a terrible accident years ago, Joel had trouble because he could not get the accident out of his head. Which of the following describes the return of this memory? Select one: a. the TOT phenomenon. b. transience. c. bais. d. suggestablity. e. persistence. f. encoding specificity. g. long-term potentiation.

f. encoding specificity.

Janet is a terrible dancer, but she is the best in her class at reading. According to Howard Gardner, she possesses __________ intelligence but lacks __________ intelligence. Select one: a. musical; spatial b. rhythmic; logical c. bodily-kinesthetic; intrapersonal d. bodily-kinesthetic; linguistic e. spatial; linguistic f. linguistic; bodily-kinesthetic

f. linguistic; bodily-kinesthetic

People who are described as type B personalities are more likely than most people to suffer from which of the following? Select one: a. allergies b. head colds c. mononucleosis d. stomach disorders e. all of the above f. none of the above

f. none of the above

While in the REM phase of sleep, Select one: a. you experience sleep spindles. b. you may sleep walk and sleep talk c. you are likely to act out your dreams. d. your mental activity focuses on ordinary daily events. e. your voluntary muscles are active and can cause sleep walking. f. none of the other answers is correct

f. none of the other answers is correct

Daryl believes that there is more Silly Putty when it is in a ball shape than when John makes it into a big 'pancake,' because Daryl has Select one: a. learned object permanence. b. demonstrated egocentrism. c. formal operational thought. d. animistic thinking. e. none of the other answers is correct f. not mastered conservation.

f. not mastered conservation.

Which retreival method requies the better/stronger memory? Select one: a. recognition. b. maintenance rehersal c. elaboration. d. encoding methods. e. storage methods. f. recall.

f. recall.

Which of the following is the human sense that lets us know where our body is located. Select one: a. hearing. b. sight. c. smell. d. touch. e. taste. f. proprioception. g. Both answers "B" and "F" are correct

g. Both answers "B" and "F" are correct

In problem solving, using __________ does not guarantee success, but using __________ does guarantee success. Select one: a. a mental set; a schema b. an algorithm; a heuristic c. a mnemonic; a script d. a retrieval cue; a cognitive map e. a prototype; an anchoring bias f. a schema; a mental set g. a heuristican; an algorithm

g. a heuristican; an algorithm Question

Whose research on children influenced segregation in the United States? Select one: a. Watson b. Hall c. Maslow d. Tichener e. James f. Wundt g. Calkins h. None of the other answers is correct i. Skinner j. Freud k. Clark

k. Clark