Codes and Standards (25%)
Linoleum flooring
Made from natural, renewable products, it is durable and biodegradable, waterproof, fire resistant, and naturally antibacterial
Directional and Informational Signs
Lettering 5/8in - 3in. Matte finish, lettering can be upper case or lower case. Otherwise same requirements as permanent room signs. Ch. 9
What two developments in plastic have improved the sustainability of this material type?
1. Bioplastics - specifically polyactide (PLA) - a biodegradable plastic derived from harvested corn. Used in fibers for carpet manufacturing 2. Metallocene polyofins - Allows polyofins to be precisely manufactured to have specific properties. May be used as a replacement for PVC and other plastics that are more harmful to the environment.
What are the two classifications of indoor air contaminants?
1. Chemical - VOC, inorganic chemicals, tobacco smoke 2. Biological - mold, pollen, bacteria, and viruses
Four phases of life cycle assessment
1. Determine the purpose and goals of doing the study 2. Inventory analysis - determining and quantifying all of the inputs and outputs of the product under study 3. Impact assessment - attempts to characterize the effects of the process found in the inventory analysis in terms of their impacts on the environment 4. Improvement analysis - provides suggestions on how to reduce the environmental impact of all the raw materials, energy, and processing required for the product or construction activity
Three consideration for carpet sustainability
1. Raw material - include polyester and nylon-blend made from recycled soft-drink containers (PET) or wool. Carpet cushions can be made from tire rubber and synthetic and natural fiber from textile mill waste 2. Raw material disposal - Nylone 6 can be recycled easily. Carpet tiles are generally more sustainable than broadloom 3. Air quality - Most carpets are made by bonding the face fiber to a backing with a synthetic latex resin. The latex can be replaced with fusion bonding, which the fibers are heat welded to a sponge. Needlpunching also avoid latex bonding
What information does the building department require to be shown in the construction documents, to communicate code compliance?
1. docs must be of sufficient clarity to indicate the extent of the proposed work 2. location/ site plan 3. drawing that show means of egress 4. fire rated doors, partitions, etc and construction details of them 5. location of exit signs and fire extinguishers 6. fire protection shop drawings 7. structural calculations (if necessary) 8. mechanical and electrical drawings 9. construction specs Ch. 8
What obstructions are allowed to reduce the width of a corridor?
1. door - no more than 7in protrusion when opened 2. handrails - no more than 4.5in 3. structural elements (lights) - no more than 4in at a heigh of 27-80in AFF Ch. 8
What are the 13 criteria that can be used for evaluating how sustainable a product or construction process is?
1. embodied energy 2. renewable materials (plants that can be harvested in 10 years or less) 3. recycled content (post-consumer, post-industrial, and recovered) 4. energy efficiency 5. use of local materials 6. durability 7. low VOC content 8. low toxicity 9. moisture problems 10. water conservation 11. maintainability 12. potential for reuse and recycling 13. reusability
What are three sustainable strategies when using wood?
1. reclaimed wood 2. specifying sustainable or alternative materials 3. using certified wood If a minimum of 50% of the wood-based materials and products (including furniture) used are certified in accordance to the FSC's principles and criteria a project can earn LEED credit
Flooring height transition
1/4in or less - vertical without edge treatment 1/4 - 1/2 in - edge must have a bevel slope greater then 1/2in - ramp must be used Ch. 9
Occupancy load for business areas
100 gross Ch. 8
Occupancy load for classrooms
20 net Ch. 8
Doorway Clearance
32in when open at 90 degree, max depth 24in. If the area is deeper the width must be increased to 36in. Figure 9.5 on page 9-5 Space between two doors - min 48in. If this cannot be provided, the doors must have power-assisted mechanisms and or open automatically. Figure 9.6 Ch. 9
Minimum clearance width
36in continuously and 32in at a passage point. Passage point cannot be more than 24in long If the route in less than 60in wide, then passing spaces at least 60in x 60in must be provided at intervals not to exceed 200 ft Ch. 9
ISO 14000
A collection of the best practices for managing an organization's impact on the environment, such as performance, product standards, labeling, environmental management, and life-cycle assessment.
Means of Egress
A continuous and unobstructed path of vertical and horizontal egress travel from any point in a building or structure to a public way. Consists of exit access, the exit, and exit discharge Ch. 8
How far away should exits be placed from each other?
A distance equal to not less than one half of the length of the maximum overall diagonal dimension of the building or area to be served, as measured in a straight line between the exits If the building is fully sprinkled it is reduced to 1/3 of the maximum diagonal dimension If there are 3 or more exits, only 2 exits must follow this rule Ch. 8
Certificate of Occupancy (CO)
A document issued by a governmental authority that a building is ready and fit for occupancy. Ch. 8
Intumescent material
A material that swells and chars when exposed to heat to form a barrier to smoke and fire. Used on egress doors Ch. 8
Collaborative for High Performance Schools (CHPS)
A membership association composed of public, private, and nonprofit organizations. Founded with the goal of increasing the energy efficiency of schools in California and improving California's quality of education, it is now a national organization.
FloorScore of Resilient Floor Covering Institute (RFCI)
A program that tests and certifies hard-surface flooring products for compliance with strict indoor air quality requirements in California, determining which flooring qualifies for use in high performance schools and office buildings in California. Products bearing this seal have been certified by the Scientific Certification Systems as meeting program requirements.
Maximum occupant load for one exit
A, B, E, F, M, U: 49 H-1, H-2, H-3: 3 H-4, H-5, I-1, I-2, I-3, 1-4, R: 10 S: 29 CH. 8
Permanent Room Signs
ADA requires the certain accessible rooms and features be clearly identified with the symbol for accessibility Lettering from 5/8in - 2in in uppercase, sans serif or simple serif type accompanied by Grade 2 Braille. Non glare finish Pictograms must be at least 6in tall and accompanied by the equivalent verbal description, below pictogram. Mounted on the wall adjacent to the latch side of the door, if there is not enough space, then on the right side the door. Mounting height of the baseline of the lowest tactile character must be 48in and 60in to the baseline of the highest character. Clear 18in x 18in floor space in front (centered on the tactile characters and beyond the arc of the door swing) Ch. 9
Displacement Ventilation
An air distribution system in which supply air is dispensed at floor level and rises to return air grilles in the ceiling as it warms, Since the supply air is delivered close to users, it does not have to be cooled as much, resulting in energy savings. Most of these systems use an access flooring system to provide space for underfloor ducting and to allow rearrangement of air supply outlets as the space layout changes. This makes them only appropriate for new construction where the additional floor to floor height can be set.
Interior exit stairway (interior exit ramp)
An exit component that serves to meet one or more means of egress requirements. Must be completely enclosed. For buildings four or more stories high - must have 2 hour rated walls, less than 4 stories 1 hour rated. (stories include basements, but exclude mezzanines) Ch. 8
Exit access stairway
An interior stairway that is not a required interior exit stairway, such as a monumental stair serving two floors of retail store Ch. 8
Authority having jurisdiction
An organization, office, or individual responsible for enforcing the requirements of a code or standard, or for approving equipment, materials, an installation, or a procedure. Typically the local building department The contractor is responsible for submitting the documents If the documents are found acceptable they will be stamped and returned to the contractor, who keeps one copy at the building site If there are changes that need to be made, it is normally the designer's responsibility to make there corrections Ch. 8
Public way
Any street, alley, or similar parcel of land essentially unobstructed from the ground to the sky that is permanently appropriated to the public for public use and has a clear width of no less than 10ft. Ch. 8
2010 ADA Standards
Apply to facilities required to comply with the ADA, including places of public accommodation, commercial facilities, and state and local government facilities. They include design and scoping requirements for: Social service center establishments Housing at places of education Assembly areas Medical care facilities Residential dwelling units constructed by state and local governments Detention and corrections facilities Places of lodging Ch. 9
Ambulatory Toilet Stall
At least one is required in bathrooms where there are 6 or more toilet stalls or where the combination of water closets and urinals total 6 or more Ch. 9
Building Research Establishment (BRE)
British organization that provides research-based consultancy, testing, and certification services covering all aspects of the built environment and associated industries.
How is the exiting width determined?
By multiplying the occupant load by a factor of 0.3 in for stairways and 0.2 in for egress components other than stairways. For stairways serving more than one story, it is calculated using the occupant load of each story separately If building is equipped with an automatic sprinkler system and an emergancy voice/ alarm communication system, the multiplying factors are 0.2 in for stairways and 0.15 in for egress components other than stairways If two or more exits are required, the total width must be divided such that the loss of any one means of egress does not reduce the available capacity to less than 50% of the required capacity Example top of pg 8-10 **rules of thumb** 3ft wide doors 5ft wide corridors for commercial spaces Ch. 8
Door thresholds
Cannot exceed a 1/4in vertical change in elevation. They must be beveled so no part of the threshold slopes more than 1 vertical unit for 2 horizontal units (1:2 slope) The maximum combined vertical elevation change for a bevel is 1/2 in Ch. 9
Ceramic flooring
Considered a sustainable material, even though it has a high embodied energy. It is very durable and produces practically no harmful emissions and requires very little maintenance. Can be made from post-consumer or post-industrial waste products
Accessible Route
Continuous unobstructed path that connects all accessible elements and spaces in a building or facility. 1:20 slope (1in of rise for every 20in of distance) or 5% Ch. 9
Americans with Disabilities Act and Architectural Barriers Act Accessibility Guidelines (ADA/ABA)
Design requirements are mainly found in this document. Often refers to building code ICC A117.1 Accessible Useable Buildings and Facilities. Organized by a numbering system consisting of three parts. 1. Deals with ADA application and scoping requirements 2. Covers ABA application and scoping requirements 3. Gives the technical requirements intended to be used by both the ADA and ABA **technical requirements are part of the exam** Ch. 9
Scoping Provisions
Dictate how many accessible elements must be provided. Ch. 9
Vinyl flooring
Durable, easy to clean, and low cost. Requires highly refined petrochemicals for manufacturing and contains a large percentage of polyvinyl chloride (PVC). To receive LEED credit it must be certified as compliant with the FloorScore standard of the Resilient Floor Covering Institute by an independent third party
Rubber flooring
Durable, slip resistant, and resilient. Because of the binders used during manufacturing, it can give off indoor pollutants. It should only be used in areas with adequate ventilation.
Adhesives
Emit gases because they contain plastic resins and other materials that can outgas. There are three types of low emission and zero VOC: 1. Dry - contain resins stored in capsules released by pressure 2. Water based - contains latex or polyvinyl acetate 3. Natural - contains plant resins in a water dispersion system.
Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)
Federal law that requires, among other things, that all commercial and public accommodations be accessible to people with disabilities. It is not a national building code, but building owners must comply with it or be liable for civil lawsuits Design requirements are mainly found in this. Often refers to building code ICC A117.1 Accessible Useable Buildings and Facilities Ch. 9
Sinks
Figure 9-10. Wheelchair must be able to move under the sink. Exposed pipes must be insulated or protected Mirror above must be mounted with bottom edge of the reflective surface no higher than 40in above the floor. Other mirrors must be no higher than 35in above the floor Max height of a sink - 34in above floor Ch. 9
Toilet Stalls
Figure 9-7. Opening must be 32in and the door swings out, unless stall is at the end of the row (swings in) Grab bars must also be provided from 33-36in above the floor Must have toe clearance below the front partition and below at least one side, minimum 9in above the floor and extend a minimum of 6in beyond the compartment-side face of the partition Toilet must be 16-18in from a wall with grab bars on both sides. Grab bar dims: 36in behind toilet, 42in on side of toilet Ch. 9
Drinking Fountains
Figure 9.11, pg. 9-8. Must have clear floor space in front of them 30in wide x 48 in deep, with the long dimension parallel to the fountain. Spout - max 5in form the edge of the unit IBC requires two, one at standing height and one for wheelchair users Ch. 9
Protruding Objects
Figure 9.18 pg 9-13. Object with lower edge less than 27in above the floor can be detected by a person using a cane, so these objects can project any amount. Objects between 27 - 80in cannot extend more than 4in Can never reduce the clear width requirements for an accessible route or maneuvering space If the vertical clearance space is reduced to less than 80in, a guardrail or other barrier must be provided. Ch. 9
Telephones
Figure 9.19 pg 9-15 At least one per floor must conform to ADA. If there are two or more banks, one phone per bank must conform. When four or more public pay phones are provided, at least one interior public text phone (TTY) is required Clear floor space of at least 30in x 48in must be provided. front or side access TTY (teletypwriter) is required to identify the locations of those phones, and volume control phones must have a sign depicting a phone headset with radiating sound waves Ch. 9
Elevators
Figure 9.20 Pg 9-15 The call buttons, hall lantern and floor designators must all be located within easy reach and visual access. Call button must indicate when each call is registered and answered Hall lantern must give audible and visual signals - sound once for up and twice for down or verbal indicator. Inside car, floor buttons may be no higher than 48in above the floor. Emergency controls must be grouped at the bottom of the panel with the centerline of the group no less that 35in above the floor Ch. 9
Seating
Figure 9.21 pg 9-16 Public or common-use areas: At least 5% of tables or seating must be accessible, but no less than one. Should be dispersed throughout the facility. Should be proportionally distributed between smoking and non smoking areas. At least 1% of all fixed seating must be aisle seats with no arms or folding arms on the aisle side. Min number of wheelchair spaces are based on capacity of seating, table given in ADA/ABA Guidelines. At least one companion seat must be provided Signs notifying people of the availability of these seats must be posted at the ticket office Must adjoin an accessible route that also serves as a means of emergency egress Ch. 9
When is exiting permitted through an adjoining room?
If it provides a direct, obvious, and unobstructed means of travel to an exit corridor or other exit, as long as the total maximum travel distance is not exceeded. Exiting through kitchens, storerooms, rest rooms, closets are not permitted Exiting from a sleeping area through other sleeping areas or toilet rooms in not allowed **Practicum** Residential spaces should be planned so that toilet rooms, kitchens, and bedrooms lead to a corridor within the unit or common living area and then to a corridor or exit. Ch. 8
Appeals Process
If the designer thinks that the proposed design meets the intent of the code, they can challenge the denial of permit Ch. 8
Cork flooring
Made from renewable resource, the bark of oak trees, which regenerate every 9-10 years. Imported from the Mediterranean. Flooring using urea-formaldehydes should not be used. Excellent absorber of sound
The Business and International Furniture Manufacturers Association (BIFMA)
Maintains two ANSI-approved standards for volatile organic compound emissions from office furniture
Stairs
Max riser - 7 in Tread min - 11 in Open risers are not permitted if required to be accessible. When open the risers cannot permit the passage of a sphere with a diameter of 4 in The undersides of the nosing must not be abrupt. cannot extend more than 1.5in from riser face. Figure 9.16 pg. 9-11 Ch. 9
Metal recycling
Metals require large amounts of embodied energy for their production, but they have a high potential fro recycling. Electroplating process produce high levels of pollution and byproducts. Powder coatings and plastic polymer coatings should be used instead. Whatever finish is applied should be easily removable to facilitate recycling.
Corridor widths
Minimum corridor width is 44in for occupancies of 50 or more 36 in for occupancies of less than 50 72 in for occupancies of 100 or more For commercial occupancies - 5ft wide corridor is ideal (can be used in most situations on the exam) Ch. 8
Stair Handrail
Must be continuous on both sides of the stairs. The inside one on switchback stairs must always be continuous as it changes direction Must extend 12in beyond the top of the stairs and the distances of one tread at the bottom Top must be from 34 - 38in above stair nosing. Gripping surface 1.25in - 2in diameter Noncircular must have a perimeter between 4in - 6.25in and a max cross sectional dim of 2.25in Clear space of at least 1.5in between the wall In exit stairways that is part of an accessible route (unsprinklered) there must be a clear width of 48in between the handrails Ch. 9
Door operating devices and closures
Must be easy to grip, level handles, push-type mechanisms, U-shaped handles. Standard door knobs are not allowed. If door closures are provided, they must be adjusted to slow the closing time The force required to push or pull an interior hinged door cannot be more than 5ft-lbf Ch. 9
Carpet
Must be level pile texture and height with a max height of 1/2in. Must be securely attached to the floor and have trim along all lengths of the exposed edges. Firm or no cushion/ backing Ch. 9
Urinals
Must be stall or wall mounted with an elongated rim at the max height of 17in above the floor Clear floor space - 30-48in in front Shields that do not extend beyond the front edge of the rim may be provided with 29in clearance between them Ch. 9
Alarms
Must comply with NFPA 72 Sound must exceed the prevailing sound level in the room by at least 15dB. Visual must be flashing lights that a have flashing frequency of about 1 cycle/ sec. Ch. 9
Bathtubs
Must have a seat. When there is an enclosure it cannot obstruct the controls or the transfer from wheelchair to seat. Enclosure tracks cannot be mounted on the rim of the tub Grab bars are required, 24in at back and control side. 33 - 36in AFF. One at back of tub 9in above tub (24in) Clear floor space: Side approach: 30in x length of tub Front approach: 48in x 60in Ch. 9
Egress Doors
Must swing in the direction of egress for occupant loads of more than 50 Minimum width of 32in when the doors are opened 90 degree (this means a 36in door) The max width of the swing - 48in Min height - 80in Panic hardware must be used with automatic closers Fire rating is dependent on the rating of the partition the door is in. Table 8.5. Must meet positive pressure fire testing
ICC 700
National Green Building Standard was established by the National Association of Home Builders (NAHB). It describes green building practices for single and multifamily homes, residential remodeling projects, and site development projects that allow for regionally appropriate sustainable practices. The standard is approved by the American National Standard Institute (ANSI) and is consistent with the ICC International Codes. Buildings can be awarded a bronze, silver, gold, or emerald rating.
Sisal Wallcovering
Natural material made from fibers of the henequen plant. Durable, low maintenance, and reduces sound reflection and transmission. Should be detailed to allow for slight expansion and contraction with the absorption and release of humidity
Stairways
Occupant load of 50 or more: min width - 44in or as wide as determined by multiplying the occupant load by 0.3 or 0.2 Occupant load of 49 or less: min width - 36in Handrails may not project into the required width of 4.5 in on each side (figure 8.5) Riser height: 4-7in Tread - no less than 11in Landings must be provided at the top and bottom of every stairway with a min dimension in the direction of travel must be less than the width of the stair but need not be more than 48in if the stair is a straight run Ch. 8
Residential exiting
One exit is required from the basement or second story of the house. Basements and bedrooms must have an escape window with a minimum openable area of 5.7ft with the sill no more than 44in above the floor. (min width - 20in, min height 24in) Exiting may pass through kitchens, store rooms, etc Ch. 8
Floor space to accommodate a wheelchair
One stationary wheelchair - 30in x 48in Maneuverability - 60in diameter circle to make a 180 degree turn. A T-shaped space be provided in place of this (36in) Pg 9-4 When planning toilet rooms there must be at least 5ft diameter clear space available, the clear floor space at fixtures may overlap this Ch. 9
Scientific Certification Systems (SCS)
Private organization established to advance public and private sectors toward more environmentally sustainable policies as an independent, third party certifier - the lead 3rd party certifier. Certifies biodegradability, recycled content, and environmentally preferable products
Energy Star
Provides tools and resources to assist architects, business owners, and others involved in the building process to design, build, commission, and manage projects in ways that save energy. Once a building is completed and one year's worth of energy performance is obtained, project's energy use is compared with other, similar facilities on a scale of 1-100. Buildings scoring 75 or higher are eligible for the Entry Star label.
Egress handrails
Required on both sides of the stairs Stairways wider than 5ft must have intermediate handrails. The IBC defines a stair as one or more risers, so even one step requires a handrail The top of the handrail must be between 34-38in above the nosing of the treads and extend no less than 12in beyond the top riser and no less than the depth of one tread beyond the bottom riser Must terminate into the wall, floor, or newel post Gripping has to be between 1.25 - 2in in cross sectional dimension, with a space at least 1.5in wide between the wall and the handrail Ch. 8
International Symbol for Accessibility
Required on parking spaces, passenger loading zones, accessible entrances, and toilet in bathing facilities when not all are accessible. Ch. 9
Showers
Roll in. A seat is required in smaller configurations, while a folding seat is allowed in larger. Grab bars must be mounted from 33 in to 36 in above the floor. Bars on all three sides, 6in spacing between wall and bar. small shower dims: 36 x 36in large shower dims: 30 x 60in Ch. 9
Deadend corridors
Should be avoided if possible Limited to 20ft long, unless building is equipped with an automatic sprinkler system, then it can be 50ft long not limited in length where the length of the corridor is less than 2.5 times the narrowest part of the dead-end corridor Ch. 8
Detectable Warnings
Surface feature built in or applied to walking surfaces or other elements to warn of hazards on a circulation path. Consist of small domes spaced on center in a square grid. Generally required at transit platform edges Ch. 9
How do you determine the occupant load in areas with fixed seating?
Taking the actual number of fixed seats installed and adding the occupant load of the areas in which fixed seating is not installed. For fixed seating without dividing arms, the occupant load is based on one person for each 18in of seating length. For seating booths, assume one person for each 24 in of booth. Ch. 8
How do you determine the occupant load in areas without fixed seating?
Taking the area assigned to a particular use and dividing by an occupant load factor as given in the code, Table 8.1 Ch. 8
Exit Discharge
That portion of the egress system between the termination of the exit and a public way. May include building lobbies or multistory buildings if one of the exit stairways opens onto the lobby and certain conditions are met: - the exit door in the lobby is clearly visible - the level of discharge is sprinklered - the entire area of discharge is separated from areas below by the same fire resistance rating Ch. 8
Exit Access
That portion of the means-of-egress system that leads from any occupied portion in a building or structure to an exit. Hallways, doorways, aisles, ramps, etc In concept does not provide a protected path of travel Ch. 8
Occupancy Load Factor
The amount of floor area presumed to be occupied by one person. If there are mixed occupancies or uses, each area is calculated with its respective occupant load factor and then all loads are added together Occupant loads should be cumulative as occupants exit through intervening space to an ultimate exit Ch. 8
Travel Distance
The distance that an occupant must travel from the most remote point in the occupied portions of the exit access to the entrance to the nearest exit. Based on the occupancy of the building and whether or not the building is sprinklered. Table 8.4 Ch. 8
Exit
The portion of the egress system that provides a protected path of egress between the exit access and the exit discharge. Fully enclosed and protected from all other interior spaces by fire-resistance-rated construction with protected openings. Must have either 1 or 2 hour rating. Travel distance is not an issue once this is reached Ch. 8
Residential toilets
Toilet must be located a minimum of 18in from the wall. Toilet paper dispensers - the centerline between 7-9in in front of the toilet, with the outlet of it 15-48in above the floor Ch. 9
Ramp Handrail
Top must be from 34 - 38in above the ramp surface. Must extend horizontally at least 12in beyond the top and bottom of the segment and a diameter or width of gripping surface from 1.25in - 1.5in In assembly areas, they are not required for ramps adjacent to seating Ch. 9
Ramps
Used if the floor surface change is greater than 1/2 in. Should not have a slope greater than 1:12. The max rise is limited to 30in, otherwise require landing before the next run of ramp. In cases where existing conditions prevent a 1:12 slope, a 1:10 is allowed as long as the rise does not exceed 6in, 1:8 if rise does not exceed 3in Min width - 36in with landings at least as wide as the widest ramp leading to them. Landing length must be a min of 60in. If the ramp changes direction at the landing it must be at least 60 sq in Handrails are required on both sides when the rise is greater than 6in or longer than 72in. Ch. 9
GreenFormat
Web-based database developed by Construction Specifications institute (CSI) to allow manufacturers to self-report sustainability properties of their products using a standard questionnaire format. 5 categories: background info, product detail, product lifecycle, additional info, and authorization.
When must more than 1 exit be provided?
When occupant loads exceed the numbers given in table 8.2 If the common path of travel exceeds the distance shown in table 8.3 Three exits are required when the occupant load is between 501-1000 Four are required when the load is greater than 1000 Ch. 8
Wood flooring
Whenever possible, prefinished flooring should be used to eliminate the need for sanding and finishing on the job site. Acid-cured varnishes or hardening oils for onsite finishing should be avoided. Bamboo and palm can be used as an alternative because they are rapidly renewable resources
Formaldehyde
a colorless pungent gas in solution made by oxidizing methanol. Often found in particle board, wall paneling, furniture, carpet, adhesives, and other glues
Green Globes
a green building guidance and assessment program, is a product of the Green Building Initiative (GBI), a not-for-profit organization that promotes environmentally sustainable building practices. Building owners can use Green Globes to evaluate their building during design and construction on a 1000 point scale in the categories of energy, indoor environment, site, water, resources, emissions, and project management. A building can be awarded 1-4 globes
Green Seal
an independent nonprofit organization that identifies and promotes products that are environmentally preferable. Several of its standards measure VOC limits in products. The organization meets the criteria of the International Organization of Standardization's ISO 14020 and ISO 14024 for ecolabelling
Volatile Organic Compound
chemicals that contain carbon and hydrogen and that vaporize at room temperature and pressure
Occupancy load for assembly without fixed seating
concentrated (chairs only) - 7 net standing space - 5 net unconcentrated (tables and chairs) - 15 net Ch. 8
Fire resistance of corridors
generally 1hr with 20min doors that have a self closing device Glass - 45min fire protection rating and the total area cannot exceed 25% of the length of the corridor (no area limitation for fire resistance rated glazing) Ch. 8
ICC A117.1
governs the design of the components of toilet rooms as well as individual elements such as drinking fountains, bathtubs, and showers Ch. 9
Greenguard
non-profit, industry independent organization that oversees a certification program that tests indoor products for emissions to ensure they meet acceptable IAQ pollutant standards --types of products: building materials, furnishings, furniture, cleaning and maintenance supplies, electronic equipment, and personal care products
Institute for Market Transformation to Sustainability (MTS)
oversees SMaRT (Sustainable Materials Rating Technology) program. identifies sustainable products. products certified 1 of 4 levels - sustainable, silver, gold, or platinum
What does gross floor area include?
stairs, corridors, toilet rooms, mechanical rooms, closets, and interior partition thickness Ch. 8
Green Label Plus
tests carpets, cushions, adhesives for VOCs, styrene, 4-PC, and formaldehyde
Common path of egress
the portion of an exit access that the occupants are required to traverse before two separate and distinct paths of egress travel to two exits become available Ch. 8
