Cog psych; Exam 2

short-term

Teacher Jamie asked her students to remember her phone number. But after class nobody was able to remember the phone number at the end of class. This was because the phone number was only stored in his _____ memory

simply because we have been exposed to them before

The propaganda effect demonstrates that we evaluate familiar statements as being true

identifying a photograph of his childhood home

A man suffering Korsakoff's syndrome would be able to perform which of the following activities without difficulty

thinking about how you loved to pick flowers with your grandmother in her garden

According to the levels of processing approach, which one of these ways would result in the deepest level of processing for the word "flower"

making a connection between each word and something you've previously learned

According to the levels of processing theory, which of the following tasks will produce the best long-term memory for a set of words?

trying to remember the definition of a word they just learned

According to the model of working memory, which of the following mental task should LEAST adversely affect people'e driving performance while operating a car along an unfamiliar, winding road?

fill in the following word. with the first word that comes to mind: T_ _ E

An item on an implicit memory test would most likely resemble which of the following?

partial-report procedure

During his experiments studying iconic store, Sperling would flash an array of stimuli for approximately 50 milliseconds on a screen. Asked to recall just the symbols presented on the third line would be an example of

winning the first grade spelling bee

Ellen is 52 years old. Which of the following experiences has most likely faded from her memory?

recent and remote episodic

Experimental evidence suggesting that the standard model of consolidation needs to be revised are data that show that the hippocampus was activated during retrieval of ____ memories.

It is memory for the circumstances surrounding how a person heard about an emotional event that remains especially vivid but not necessarily accurate over time.

Flashbulb memory is best represented by which of the following statements?

Apple, cherry, plum, shoe, coat, lamp, chair, pants

Free recall of the stimulus list apple, desk, shoe, sofa, plum, chair, cherry, coat, lamp, pants will most likely yield which o these response patterns?

MAC, CAN, CAP, MAN, MAP

Given what we know about the operation of the phonological loop, which of the following word lists would be most difficult for people to retain for 15 seconds?

articulatory suppression

Have you ever tried to think of the words and hum the melody of one song while the radio is playing a different song? People have often noted that this is very difficult to do. This difficulty can be understood as ______

STM is proposed as the basis for the recency effect and LTM as the basis for the primacy effect

Historically, the serial position effect has been used as evidence for the Atkinson-Shiffrin model. What is the hypothetical relationship between STM/ LTM stores and the effects of serial position on recall?

the visuospatial sketch pad

Imagine yourself walking from your car, bus stop, or dorm to your first class. Your ability to form such a picture in your mind depends on which of the following components of working memory?

phonologically encoded words were remembered better than semantically encoded words in the rhyme recognition test

In an experiment testing the idea of transfer-appropriate processing, Morris, Bransford, and Franks (1977) had subjects encode words either semantically of phonologically. The results of their experiment were that

retrograde

In the movie, Borne Identity, Jason Borne had a hard time remembering who he was and we had done prior to the brain injury. Therefore, he must be suffering from _____ amnesia which refers to an inability ti recall events that occur before the trauma that causes memory loss.

perseveration

Jackson has OCD. He checks the clock 5 times, turns on and off the light 5 times and has to wash his hands obsessively. He cannot help but perform these behaviors. Jackson is displaying

episodic; semantic

Jason Bourne cannot remember his high school graduation which is ____ memory, while he can tell you that J.R.R Tolkien is the author of the Lord of the rings, which is ____ memory

transfer-appropriate processing

Jeff studied hard for a multiple-choice quiz, but the format of the quiz was actually short essay. According to the ____ model of memory, Jeff did poorly on his quiz because he encoded the information in a different way than how he was actually tested

explicit; implicit

Jess participated in an experiment in which she was instructed to memorize a list of words. One week later, he was asked to write as many words as he could remember which tested____ memory. Then Jess was asked to fill in the missing letters of word fragments. Without awareness, Jess was filling in the blanks using words she had seen a week ago faster and more accurately, compared to words that had not been on the list, which is _____ memory parallel distributed processing

conceptual priming

Jocelyn is in an experiment where she is presented words representing categories. She is presented the word "furniture" in an earlier trial, which makes it easier for her to later recall the word "chair" because of the similarity of meaning. Jocelyn's memory enhancement for "chair" due to seeing the word "furniture" illustrates

chunking

June remembered her 12 digit pin numbers for her ATM by noting that the first 4 digits were the year she was born, the second 4 digits were the year her son was born, and the last 4 digits were the year she graduate from high school. This is an example of

intact semantic memory but defective episodic memory

K.C., who was injured in a motorcycle accident, remembers facts like the difference between a strike and spare in bowling, but he is unaware of experiencing things like hearing about the circumstances of his brother's death, which occurred 2 years before the accident. His memory behavior suggest

Katie should perform better because of the spacing effect

Katie and Alana are roommates taking the same psychology class. They have a test in 4 days during a 10 -11 am class period. Both women intent to study for 3 hours, but because of different work schedules, Katie will study one hour for each of the next 3 days while Alana will study fr 3 hours the day before the exam. What could you predict about their performances?

Kim performs better because of consolidation

Lakeisha and Kim have been studying for 2 hours for their chemistry exam. Both girls are tired of studying. Lakeisha decides to watch a 2 hour movie on DVD, while Kim decides to go to bed. What would you predict about their performance on the chemistry exam?

recency effect

Last Tuesday, Alberta interviewed 24 college students to work as interns for her company. After all the applicants had been interviewed, she could only remember the last 4 applicants very well. This demonstrates the ____

priming

Participants in an experiment read over a list of words. Then, participants rate letter strings as words or non-words. The results indicate that participants in general were faster at identifying words from the first list. This facilitation in response to those items from the first task is an example of

encoding specificity

People often report an annoying memory failure when they walk from one end of the house to the other for something and then forgetting what they went to retrieve when they reach their destination. As soon as they return to the first room, they are reminded of what they wanted in the first place. This common experience best illustrates the principle of

5 to 9

Rachel calls her husband Ted at his office to ask him to pick up a few things at the store on the way home. She rattles off a list of 25 items. The 2 then say goodbye and hang up. Ted reaches for a pencil and paper. How many of the 25 items should he be able to write down from memory without chunking?

semantic coding in the LTM

Recalling the meaning of a new word that you learned yesterday would be an example of

counting backward for 30 seconds before recall

Regarding free recall of a list of items, which of the following will most likely cause the recency effect to disappear?

phonological

Robin lost the softball game for her team when she ran toward home and was trown out at the pplate. The coach asked her, "why did you run? " You knew it was a riskey move." Robin replied, "But I heard you yell, Go! Go!, the coach replied "I was saying No! No!" Robin's ill-fated run was the result of a _____ error

cognitive hypothesis

Schrauf and Rubin's "2 groups of immigrants" study found that the reminiscence bump coincided with periods of rapid change, occurring at a normal age for people emigrating early in life but shifting to 15 ears later or those who emigrated later. These results support the

procedural

Vanessa used to play the piano every day, but has not played in years. Her mother has asked her to play some songs for a family reunion and Vanessa is worried that she won't remember how. Vanessa's mother tries to reassure her by saying that playing the piano is "just like riding a bike." It seems as though Vanessa's mother is counting on Vanessa's ____memory to save her

Although Emily doesn't very often think about her first love, Steve, she can't help getting caught up in happy memories when "their song" plays on the radio

Which example below best demonstrates state-dependent learning?

saying yes for each word that is a noun and no for each word that is not a noun?

Which task should me more difficult: keeping a sentence like john went to the store to buy some oranges in your mind AND

implicit and explicit

Work with brain-injured amnesic patients reveals that their ____ memory is spared, although their _____ is significantly impaired

after 32 weeks, participants had a high level of confidence in their memories of the terrorist events, but lower belief in their memories of "everyday" events

Your text describes an experiment by Talarico and Rubin (2003) that measured people's memories of the terrorist attacks on 9/11. Which of the following was the primary result of that research?