Cognitive Psych quiz 4

Selective; divided

__________ refers to attending to one thing while ignoring others; whereas _______ attention refers to paying attention to more than one thing at a time.

Dictionary unit

What contains the words, stored in memory, each of which has a threshold for being activated?

multitask

When I texted my research students during my exercise class, I felt like I could listen to the instruction and text at the same time. However, I found myself doing different exercises than the rest of the class. This was an example of my failing to ______ effectively.

selective

When Sam listens to his girlfriend Susan in the restaurant and ignores other people's conversations, he is engaged in the process of __________ attention.

could focus on one message and ignore the other one at the same time.

Colin Cherry's experiment in which participants listened to two different messages, one presented to each ear, found that people

low-load

If you are folding towels while watching television, you may find that you don't have to pay much attention to the act of folding while keeping up with the storyline on the TV show. Folding the towels would be an example of a(n) ________ task.

the focused attention stage of feature integration theory

Placing tomatoes, onions, jalapenos, garlic, cilantro, and lime juice into a blender and turning it on to produce salsa is similar to which of the following?

attentional capture; divided attention

Proponents of multitasking would note ________ to support their opinion, whereas opponents of multitasking would point to ________ to justify their perspective.

the main effect of cell phone use on driving safety can be attributed to the fact that attention is used up by the cognitive task of talking on the phone.

Research on the use of cell phones while driving indicates that

knowledge about what is contained in a typical scene.

Scene schema is

Treisman's attenuator

Which of the following attention model components produces two levels of output?

enhancement

Which of the following best describes the result of attention in the context of perception?

Inattentional blindness

Which of the following illustrates how we can miss things even if they are clearly visible?

Dictionary Unit

Which of the following is most closely associated with Treisman's attenuation theory of selective attention?

Binding

Which of the following is the process by which features such as color, form motion, and location are combined to create our perception of a coherent object?

Close attention

Which of the following options would NOT be an important factor in automatic processing?

The word "platypus"

According to Treisman's attenuation model, which of the following would you expect to have the highest threshold for most people?

preattentive

According to Treisman's feature integration theory, the first stage of perception is called the __________ stage.

task cueing.

According to your text, the ability to divide attention depends on all of the following EXCEPT

whether the perceptual load is low or high.

Anne Treisman's attenuator analyzes the incoming message in terms of all of the following EXCEPT

salience; fixation; increase

As the ________ of a stimulus increases, ________ tends to ________.

binding

If you stand very close to a pointillist painting, all you will see are tiny colored dots. But as you step away from the painting, larger areas of color become noticeable and eventually become recognizable objects such as flowers or clouds. This is similar to which of the following?

combinations of features from different stimuli.

Illusory conjunctions are

once processing had become automatic.

In Schneider and Shiffrin's experiment, in which participants were asked to indicate whether a target stimulus was present in a series of rapidly presented "frames," divided attention was easier

mind wandering.

Lan has no idea what she just read in her text because she was thinking about how hungry she is and what she is going to have for dinner. This is a real-world example of

talking on either kind of phone impairs driving performance significantly and to the same extent.

Strayer and Johnston's (2001) experiment involving simulated driving and the use of "hands-free" versus "handheld" cell phones found that

meaning.

Suppose twin teenagers are vying for their mother's attention. The mother is trying to pay attention to one of her daughters, though both girls are talking (one about her boyfriend, one about a school project). According to the operating characteristics of Treisman's attenuator, it is most likely the attenuator is analyzing the incoming messages in terms of

Late selection

Suppose you are in your kitchen writing a grocery list, while your roommate is watching TV in the next room. A commercial for spaghetti sauce comes on TV. Although you are not paying attention to the TV, you "suddenly" remember that you need to pick up spaghetti sauce and add it to the list. Your behavior is best predicted by which of the following models of attention?

object-based attention

The Egly cueing task we did in class provides evidence for what kind of attention?

Spatial/covert attention without eye movements

The Posner cueing task we did in class provides evidence for what kind of attention?

meaning

The Stroop effect demonstrates people's inability to ignore the __________ of words.

cocktail party effect.

The ability to focus on one stimulus while filtering out other stimuli is called

same-object advantage

The notion that faster responding occurs when enhancement spreads within an object is called

The dictionary unit

Which stage in Treisman's attenuation model has a threshold component?