Communication 105

AMERICANS SPEND APPROXIMATELY 90% OF THEIR DAY COMMUNICATING, AND OF THAT 90% WHAT PERCENT OF THE TIME DO THEY SPEND LISTENING?

55%

The process of acting upon information is the definition of _____.

communication

The terms feedback and context are introduced in which of the communication models?

communication as interaction

Dean Barnlund suggested that when we communicate with one other person, there are at least six other "people" involved. This statement suggests that communication is _____.

complicated

On the day Janet was scheduled to give her speech, her class was relocated into an auditorium. Janet couldn't quite overcome the feeling of isolation she felt as she spoke to her twenty classmates in a room that could seat 500. Which of the following elements is most responsible for Janet's reaction?

context

__________IS AN INTERPRETATION OF A SYMBOL

MEANING

Noshin is listening to Leah tell a story about what happened in class yesterday. The two are engaging in which actions?

Noshin is decoding and Leah is encoding

The term for the psychological and emotional characteristics of individuals that cause them to be masculine, feminine, or androgynous is

gender

The fact that we communicate with others nonverbally even when we may not intend to do so demonstrates that communication is

inescapable.

Another word for decoding is _____

interpretation

According to the textbook, in its broadest sense, communication is the process or which of the following?

Acting on information.

Jose was raised in a Cuban-American community. Although he had many college friends from other co-cultures, he proudly maintained his Cuban roots by sprinkling his speech with Spanish phrases. In addition, he enjoyed sharing examples of cultural norms from his family and neighborhood in his communication class. These examples show which kind of influence on Jose's self-concept?

Association with groups

Brian expresses his dislike for Chinese food. Brian's dislike demonstrates which component of self-concept?

Attitude

Gilberto makes a negative comment about Kristen's new haircut. He quickly recants saying, "I'm sorry, Kristen. You know I didn't mean it." Unfortunately, Kristen still feels hurt. This example demonstrates that communication is _____.

irreversible

According to the textbook, human communication is _____.

is the process of making sense out of the world and sharing that sense with others by creating meaning through the use of verbal and nonverbal messages.

In the textbook, the primary distinction between the definition of communication and human communication involves _____.

making sense out of the world

Prior to class, Ralitza received a phone message alerting her to call home immediately. As a result of receiving this message, Ralitza is unable to focus on the class discussion. Which component of the communication process does this describe?

noise

The stage of perception in which we put information into patterns is called _____.

organization

PEOPLE FROM THE UNITED STATES OFTEN THINK THAT INDIVIDUAL CHOICE AND ACHIEVEMENT IS IMPORTANT. THIS WOULD BE AN EXAMPLE OF

A CULTURAL VALUE

Jason spends nearly two hours each day calling and texting his family as well as using Facebook to contact friends. According to James' theory of the self, Jason is taking care of his

social self.

WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING STATEMENTS CORRECTLY REFLECTS THE DEFINITION OF GENDER DESCRIBED IN THE TEXT AND CLASS DISCUSSION?

IT IS A PSYCHOLOGICALLY-BASED PERCEPTION

WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING STATEMENTS IS TRUE CONCERNING CULTURAL CONTEXT?

IT IS COMMUNICATED PRIMARILY THROUGH ENVIRONMENT AND NONVERBAL CUES.

CULTURES THAT TEND TO BE FUTURE-ORIENTED AND VALUE PERSEVERANCE AND THRIFT ARE SAID TO HAVE WHAT ORIENTATION TO TIME?

LONG-TERM

THE FEAR OF MISUNDERSTANDING OR MISREPRESENTING MESSAGES SPOKEN BY OTHER PEOPLE IS PART OF

RECEIVER APPREHENSION

Athena thinks that killing animals for food is morally wrong. Athena's convictions would be which of the following?

A value

BONITA IS IN THE MIDDLE OF DELIVERING HER SPEECH WHEN SHE BEGINS TO TWIRL HER HAIR AS SHE SPEAKS. THIS ACTION IS KNOWN AS A(N)

ADAPTOR

AFTER AESHA GOT OFF THE PHONE, HER FACE LOOKED LIKE IT HAD FALLEN TWO INCHES. SHE LOOKED DOWN, AND WALKED TO HER ROOM SLOWLY. JONNA SAID TO HER, WHAT HAPPENED? IN READING HER FACIAL EXPRESSIONS, JONNA WAS USING

AFFECT DISPLAYS

WHEN WORDS REFLECT UNQUALIFIED, OFTEN UNTRUE GENERALIZATIONS THAT DENY INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES AMONG PEOPLE, THEY BECOME THE LANGUAGE BARRIER OF

ALLNESS

DISPLAYS OF CULTURE SUCH AS CLOTHING, JEWELRY, AND MAKEUP, ARE CALLED

ARTIFACTS

THE STAGE OF LISTENING IN WHICH WE MAINTAIN A SUSTAINED FOCUS ON A PARTICULAR SOUND OR MESSAGE IS

ATTENDING

BIAS IN LANGUAGE CAN BE DIRECTED AGAINST

Ability, Sexual Orientation, Class, and Age

The study of communication is important because of which of the following?

All of the above are reasons to study communication

JUDONNA AND CANDICE WERE SHOPPING AT THE MALL. JUDONNA NEEDED TO GO TO THE OTHER END OF THE MALL TO GET SOMETHING. SHE SAID TO CANDICE, MEET ME AT 2:00 IN FRONT OF SEARS. CANDICE THOUGHT THAT IN FRONT MEANT OUTSIDE IN FRONT OF THE PARKING LOT ENTRANCE. JUDONNA THOUGHT THAT IN FRONT MEANT IN FRONT OF THE ENTRANCE ON THE INSIDE OF THE MALL. JUDONNA AND CANDICE SPENT TWO HOURS WAITING FOR EACH OTHER. WHAT LANGUAGE PROBLEM IS REFLECTED IN THIS SITUATION?

BYPASSING

Jaclyn thinks life exists on other planets. This example illustrates which component of self-concept?

Belief

According to Maslow's framework on the process of becoming self-aware, a person whose communication skills are effective and are second nature is working at which level?

Unconscious competence

A CULTURAL GROUP WITHIN A LARGER CULTURE IS REFERRED TO AS A

CO-CULTURE

NONVERBAL COMMUNICATION MAY BEST BE DEFINED AS

COMMUNICATION OTHER THAN WRITTEN OR SPOKEN LANGUAGE

KAREN EXPRESSES TO HER HUSBAND THAT SHE IS FRUSTRATED BY HIS LACK OF HELP WITH HOUSEHOLD CHORES. HOWEVER, HE DOES NOT SEEM TO BE LISTENING BECAUSE HE HAS JUST RETURNED FROM WORK AND IS EXHAUSTED. THIS IS AN EXAMPLE OF WHAT TYPE OF BARRIER?

CONTEXT BARRIER

A LEARNED SYSTEM OF KNOWLEDGE, BEHAVIOR, ATTITUDES, AND NORMS SHARED BY A GROUP OF PEOPLE IS A(N)

CULTURE

THE SENSE OF CONFUSION, ANXIETY, STRESS, OR LOSS EXPERIENCED WHEN ENCOUNTERING A CULTURE DIFFERENT FROM YOUR OWN IS REFERRED TO AS

CULTURE SHOCK

Aisha noticed at work that Vincent and Michelle kept asking her advice on office procedures. Soon, she began to see herself as competent and knowledgeable. Which of the following statements best describes the means by which Vincent and Michelle influenced Aisha's self-concept?

Communication with others

______IS THE UNFAIR OR INAPPROPRIATE TREATMENT OF PEOPLE BASED ON THEIR GROUP MEMBERSHIP.

DISCRIMINATION

THE UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS FANS SHOW THE PINKIE FINGER AND THE INDEX FINGER TO REPRESENT THE SIGN, HOOK EM HORNS, A REFERENCE TO THEIR MASCOT. THIS IS AN EXAMPLE OF A(N)

EMBLEM

GREG HAS JUST STARTED HIS NEW JOB AND IS FEELING OVERWHELMED WITH PROJECTS THAT ARE COMING DUE IN A SHORT TIME. HE IS TALKING WITH JULIA, HIS FRIEND AND CO-WORKER. JULIA RESPONDS BY RELATING THE FRUSTRATION AND CONFUSION SHE FELT WHEN SHE STARTED THE JOB AND OFFERS TO HELP GREG GET BACK ON TRACK WITH HIS PROJECTS. THIS IS AN EXAMPLE OF

EMPATHY

META-COMMUNICATION IS COMMUNICATION ABOUT

EMPATHY

YOUR ROOMMATE HAS JUST RETURNED FROM GIVING HER SPEECH. SHE IS VISIBLY UPSET AND BEGINS TO CRITICIZE THE INSTRUCTOR AS AN INCOMPETENT OLD FUDDY DUD. YOU SIT PATIENTLY WHILE SHE CONTINUES HER TIRADE AGAINST THE CRITICISM OF HER PERFORMANCE. WHEN SHE IS DONE, YOU SAY, --IT MUST BE REALLY FRUSTRATING TO HAVE SOMETHING YOU WORKED SO HARD ON EVALUATED SO HARSHLY--. THIS RESPONSE INDICATES YOU ARE LISTENING FOR WHAT PURPOSE?

EMPATHY

TO BE ______ IS TO BE AWARE OF HOW YOU COMMUNICATE WITH OTHERS.

ETHNOCENTRIC

THE ATTITUDE THAT YOUR OWN CULTURAL APPROACHES ARE SUPERIOR TO OTHERS IS CALLED

ETHNOCENTRISM

SEXIST LANGUAGE IS ALSO KNOWN AS________LANGUAGE.

EXCLUSIVE

ETHNICITY IS A SOCIAL CLASSIFICATION BASED ON A NUMBER OF FACTORS, INCLUDING WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING?

Language, Nationality, and Religion

THE RULES AND STANDARDS THAT STRUCTURE LANGUAGE ARE CALLED

GRAMMAR

WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS A CHARACTERISTIC OF A COLLECTIVISTIC CULTURE?

GROUP ACHIEVEMENT IS VALUED OVER INDIVIDUAL ACHIEVEMENT.

PAM AND TERRY WERE DISCUSSING THEIR CURRENT RELATIONSHIP. PAM DIGRESSED FROM THE CURRENT SITUATION AND BEGAN TO TALK ABOUT WHAT TERRY HAD DONE IN THE PAST TO HURT HER FEELINGS. THIS BEHAVIOR IS REFERRED TO AS

GUNNY-SACKING

THE STUDY OF TOUCH IS CALLED

HAPTICS

JACK ANNOUNCES AT THE FRATERNITY MEETING THAT THERE WILL BE A DANCE NEXT WEEKEND AND EVERYONE IS INVITED TO BRING THEIR GIRLFRIEND. THIS IS AN EXAMPLE OF

HETEROSEXIST LANGUAGE

A FEAR OF BEING LABELED OR PERCEIVED AS GAY OR LESBIAN IS CALLED

HOMOPHOBIA

FRED TELLS INAPPROPRIATE JOKES THAT MAKE FUN OF PEOPLE WHO ARE GAY OR LESBIAN. WHAT TYPE OF LANGUAGE IS FRED USING?

HOMOPHOBIC LANGUAGE

HEARING IS

HOW WE MAKE SENSE OUT OF WHAT WE PROCESS THROUGH AUDITORY CHANNELS

KINESICS IS A GENERAL TERM FOR

HUMAN MOVEMENT, GESTURES, AND POSTURE

LARRY VISITS A RUSSIAN COMPANY TO PRESENT A BUSINESS PROPOSAL. HIS INTERACTION WITH THIS GROUP WOULD BE CONSIDERED AN EXAMPLE OF

INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION

WHILE ON A TRIP TO THE MEDITERRANEAN, CARL NOTES THAT MEN TEND TO STAND VERY CLOSE TO EACH OTHER, ACTUALLY TOUCHING, WHEN TALKING TO ONE ANOTHER ON THE STREET. THIS CLOSENESS WOULD TEND TO INVADE WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING FOR CARL?

INTIMATE SPACE.

Barry is driving Suzie home from a party. Barry notices that Suzie has her arms crossed and she is looking out the window of the car and making no attempt to communicate with him. Based on Suzie's nonverbal behavior, Barry infers that she is upset with him. Barry's inference about Suzie's behavior illustrates which stage of the perceptual process?

Interpreting

COMMUNICATING YOUR THOUGHTS AND EMOTIONS WITH YOUR VOICE (ASIDE FROM THE WORDS THAT YOU USE) IS REFERRED TO AS

PARALANGUAGE

INFORMATION PROCESSING RATE CAN BE A BARRIER TO LISTENING BECAUSE

PEOPLE ARE NORMALLY CAPABLE OF PROCESSING INFORMATION FASTER THAN MOST SPEAKERS SPEAK

A STRATEGY FOR CHECKING THE ACCURACY OF YOUR INTERPRETATION OF ANOTHER NONVERBAL BEHAVIOR IS CALLED

PERCEPTION CHECKING

__________IS THE STUDY OF HOW CLOSE OR FAR AWAY FROM PEOPLE AND OBJECTS WE POSITION OURSELVES. Select one:

PROXEMICS

ROBERTO COMES RUNNING INTO THE HOUSE VISIBLY AGITATED. BETWEEN ROBERTO'S SOBS, HIS DAD PICKS OUT THE WORDS BIKE, SLEDGEHAMMER, MIGUEL, AND HATE. AFTER SOME COAXING, ROBERTO TELLS HIS DAD THAT MIGUEL WAS KICKED OUT OF THE GAME BECAUSE HE WAS NOT PLAYING FAIR AND LATER CAME BACK WITH A SLEDGEHAMMER AND HIT HIS BIKE. FATHER SAYS, --YOU MUST HAVE REALLY BEEN MAD WHEN HE BROKE THE RULES AND A LITTLE BIT AFRAID WHEN HE HIT YOUR BIKE WITH THE SLEDGEHAMMER--. ROBERTO REPLIES, UH- HUH. WHICH SKILL FOR RESPONDING WITH EMPATHY IS HIS FATHER USING?

REFLECT CONTENT AND FEELINGS BY PARAPHRASING

KERI REALLY ENJOYS TALKING WITH PEOPLE, LEARNING ABOUT THEM, AND SHARING PERSONAL INFORMATION. HOW WOULD YOU DESCRIBE HER LISTENING STYLE?

RELATIONAL LISTENING

TIMOTHY WAS WATCHING A NEWS PROGRAM ON THE TELEVISION WHEN EMILY ENTERED THE ROOM AND ANNOUNCED THAT DINNER WAS READY. TIMOTHY CONTINUED TO WATCH THE PROGRAM, SAYING NOTHING TO EMILY. IN THIS CASE, TIMOTHY FAILED TO

RESPOND

THE STAGE OF LISTENING IN WHICH WE FILTER THROUGH THE MYRIAD OF NOISES IN OUR ENVIRONMENT IS

SELECTING

LISTENING INVOLVES THE PROCESSES OF:

SELECTING, ATTENDING, UNDERSTANDING, REMEMBERING, RESPONDING

MICHAEL IS THINKING ABOUT WHAT HE WANTS TO TELL AMANDA ABOUT WHAT HAPPENED AT HIS NEW JOB RATHER THAN LISTENING TO THE STORY SHE IS TELLING. THIS IS AN EXAMPLE OF WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING BARRIERS TO LISTENING?

SELF-FOCUS

USING THE TERM CHAIRMAN FOR BOTH MEN AND WOMEN WHO SERVE AS THE PRESIDING OFFICER AT A MEETING WOULD BE AN EXAMPLE OF

SEXIST LANGUAGE

THIS PROCESS INVOLVES STEPPING AWAY FROM YOUR OWN THOUGHTS AND ATTEMPTING TO EXPERIENCE THE THOUGHTS OF ANOTHER

SOCIAL DECENTERING

IN THEIR MODEL FOR IMPROVING LISTENING, YOUR BOOK AUTHORS SUGGEST -STOP, LOOK, AND LISTEN. THE STEP, STOP, REFERS TO

STOP BEING SELF-FOCUSED

A WORD, SOUND, GESTURE, OR VISUAL SIGNAL THAT REPRESENTS A THOUGHT, CONCEPT, OR OBJECT IS A(N)

SYMBOL

Danielle is able to observe and reflect upon her own mental states, thus exhibiting

Self-awareness

Priscilla feels that she is unattractive and unlovable following a break-up with her boyfriend. Prior to this incident, Priscilla had a healthy view of her worth. Priscilla experienced a decrease in which of the following?

Self-esteem

Maria does not feel confident with her academic abilities in Calculus class; however, she feels at ease with her abilities in her drawing class. This example illustrates which of the following?

Self-image

The statement, "I'm not intelligent because my roommate makes better grades than I do," illustrates which of the following?

Social comparison

Symbols can be

Sounds, gestures, and words

Natasha contemplates her place in the universe, but not from a religious standpoint. Natasha is exploring which component of self?

Spiritual self

Jenny sees herself as a caring person. She communicates this perception of herself to a career counselor; therefore, the counselor recommends that she enter the field of nursing. Jenny's interaction with the counselor demonstrates what dimension of Jenny's self-awareness?

Symbolic self-awareness

DON WAS WORKING ON HIS NEW JOB. WHEN ASKING HIS NEW BOSS FOR INFORMATION, HE NOTICED HIS BOSS TENDED TO RAMBLE ON AND THIS MADE DON SECOND GUESS WHAT HIS BOSS WAS SAYING. THIS FRUSTRATED DON WHEN ALL HE WANTED WAS INFORMATION. HIS LISTENING STYLE WOULD BE DESCRIBED AS

TASK-ORIENTED

WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS A CHARACTERISTIC OF AN INDIVIDUALIST CULTURE?

TEAM COLLABORATION IS MORE IMPORTANT THAN INDIVIDUAL EFFORT.

BENITO ENTERS A COFFEEHOUSE AND PLACES HIS BOOK, HIS LAPTOP AND HIS COFFEE IN AN ARRANGEMENT AROUND THE TABLE WHERE HE PLANS TO WORK ON THIS PAPER FOR IS INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION CLASS. THESE ITEMS ARE BEING USED TO SERVE AS WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING?

TERRITORIAL MARKERS

KEVIN WANTED HIS GRANDMOTHER TO KNOW HOW MUCH HE APPRECIATED HER MONETARY GIFT FOR HIS BIRTHDAY. HE GAVE HER A BIG HUG, AND SAID WITH ENTHUSIASM, THANKS GRAM, I REALLY CAN USE THIS! HIS VOICE AND HUG ARE EXAMPLES OF WHICH FUNCTION OF NONVERBAL BEHAVIOR?

TO COMPLEMENT

KARLA SAYS, I AM LISTENING, WHILE STARING INTENTLY AT HER COMPUTER SCREEN RATHER THAN LOOKING AT THE CLIENT IN HER OFFICE. WHAT FUNCTION IS HER NONVERBAL COMMUNICATION SERVING?

TO CONTRADICT

DO YOU KNOW HOW MANY BOOKS I READ LAST WEEK? FIVE! SHAWNA SAID, HOLDING UP FIVE FINGERS. THIS IS AN EXAMPLE OF WHICH OF THE FUNCTIONS OF NONVERBAL COMMUNICATION?

TO REPEAT

Dr. Johnson posts an announcement on her course web page that she is administering an exam on Thursday. On Thursday, she is surprised to find that over half of her students did not prepare for the exam or did not study the correct material. This misunderstanding illustrates what aspect of communication competence?

The message should achieve its intended effect.

When we interpret, which of the following may be involved?

Thoughts, feelings words, sight, sound, touch, smell, and taste.

WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING CULTURES WOULD BE CONSIDERED A LOW-CONTEXT CULTURE?

UNITED STATES

WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS A CHARACTERISTIC OF A HIGH-CONTEXT CULTURE?

UNSPOKEN CUES ARE A RICH INFORMATION SOURCE.

THE REASON WE SAY THAT NONVERBAL COMMUNICATION IS MORE BELIEVABLE THAN VERBAL COMMUNICATION IS THAT

VERBAL COMMUNICATION IS A CONSCIOUS ACTIVITY, MUCH OF OUR NONVERBAL IS NOT

__________IS ANOTHER TERM FOR PARALANGUAGE.

VOCALICS

BILL WAS VISITING SOME FRIENDS IN CHICAGO. THEY OFFERED HIM SOME TEA; HE WAS VERY THIRSTY, SO HE SAID HE WOULD LOVE SOME. HE WAS VERY SURPRISED WHEN THEY BROUGHT HIM A CUP OF HOT TEA. IN ARKANSAS WHERE HE WAS FROM, THE WORD TEA ALWAYS MEANT ICED TEA. IF YOU WANTED A CUP OF HOT TEA, YOU ASKED FOR HOT TEA. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING CHARACTERISTICS OF LANGUAGE BEST DESCRIBES THIS SITUATION?

WORDS ARE CULTURE-BOUND.

THE PERCEPTIONS SHARED BY A GROUP OF PEOPLE ABOUT THEIR KEY BELIEFS AND ISSUES IS THEIR

WORLDVIEW

Which of the following statements most accurately describes the social self?

You have different selves in relation to different people.

When Maury is asked to describe herself, her first response is that her friends often call her an overachiever. This describes her _____.

ascribed identity

Kimesha listens privately to her iPod on the way to campus and wears her university T-shirt to class for her Friday lab. Kimesha is expressing her thoughts and feelings through which of the following?

clothing