COMMUNICATION FINAL STUDY

Which of the following is a limitation of short-term memory?

a. automatic attention b. inability to access schema c. lack of stimulus cues from working memory d. can only hold five to nine "bits" of information on average/ Ans: D

A conflict management style that involves negotiation is also known as

a. avoidance. b. competition. c. compromise. d. accommodation. Answer: C

The component of communication that consists of facial expressions, words, and phrases is the

a. channel. b. nonverbal code. c. verbal code. d. message. Answer: message

At what age do people, on average, begin receiving specialized attention based on physical attractiveness?

a. 1 year old b. 4 years old c. 7 years old d. 10 years old Ans: B

In reducing communication apprehension, which approach trains you to associate public speaking with positive thoughts?

a. visualization b. relaxation c. skills d. self-managed Answer: "relaxation"

Which of the following is the best example of an uncertainty-rejecting culture?

a. Sweden b. Japan c. Denmark d. United States Answer: Japan

The "systematic arrangement of symbols to create meaning in the mind of another" is known as

a. feedback. b. code. c. meaning. d. context. Answer: Code

Which of the following is a good example of a complementary relationship?

A. She likes him a lot, but he doesn't think much of her. b. She is shy, and he likes to speak for both of them. C. She and he are both good at math, so together they do the family budget. d. She and he like food, so they both enjoy every meal. Answer: B

A relationship in which the two people are very similar is called

A. a complementary relationship. B. a symmetrical relationship. C. a cost-benefit relationship. D. an independent relationship. Answer: B

Which of the following is a reason people terminate relationships?

A. aggressiveness b. compliance-gaining c. personal idioms d. behavioral flexibility Answer: A

According to the definition of a small group in the book, which of the following would NOT be defined as a small group?

A. five people who voluntarily serve in the Metro Civil Rights Commission to propose policy to the City Council B. six people working for the same company on various projects in different departments C. nine women who meet once a month on a Thursday in a support group for victims of wife abuse D. four old men who meet weekly in the back of a local tavern in their "club" that promotes crime watch Answer: "Six people working for the same company on various projects in different departments"

Which of the following is the least public form of communication?

A. intrapersonal B. interpersonal C. group D. organizational Answer: intrapersonal

Which of the following is NOT an example of a cliché?

a. "You only get out of it what you put in it." b. "Our country is more of a banquet than a melting pot." c. "The rich get richer and the poor get poorer." d. "No pain, no gain." Ans: B

The word communication comes from the Latin communicare, which means

a. "to speak with understanding." b. "to make common." c. "to form a community of believers." d. "to care for others." Answer: "to make common"

According to research cited in your textbook concerning group size, how many people should be in a small group to increase the likelihood that it will be a productive group?

a. 1 or 2 B. 3 or 4 C. 5 or 6 d. 7 or 8 Answer: "3 or 4"

Approximately what percentage of workers report in polls that their time spent working in meetings could be more productive?

a. 35% b. 55% c. 75% d. 95% Answer: "75%"

College students spend approximately what proportion of their time listening to others and the mass media?

a. 50 percent b. 25 percent c. 75 percent d. 65 percent Answer: A

Which of the following is NOT a general interviewing strategy?

a. Demonstrate competence. b. Ask and answer questions effectively and ethically. C. Be prepared to discuss salary at your interview. d. Preplan for the interview. Answer: Be prepared to discuss salary at your interview

Pria's boyfriend Leonard doesn't tell her about his family anymore. This makes her upset with their relationship. What factor affecting self-disclosure can be identified here?

a. Disclosure might be avoided for a variety of reasons. b. Disclosure tends to be reciprocal. c. Disclosure helps build relationships. d. Relational satisfaction and disclosure are curvilinearly related. Ans: D

One of the suggestions for being a better listener in the workplace is to "plan for nuggets." The strategy recommended for doing this involves

a. being empathetic when listening to others. b. asking others to provide you with feedback. C. considering the source of the message. d. using a separate column in your notes. Answer: D

If I notice that Heng and Yolanda are often together and I "fill in my illustrating the concept of perception called inference that they are now lovers, then I am illustarting the concept of perception called

a. closure. b. figure and ground. c. proximity. d. filtering. Ans: A

Impression management is:

a. communication that is perceived b. considered all nonverbal C. similar to mass communication d. managing others in a group setting e. sharing personal details in order to present an idealized self Ans: E

Nonverbal codes:

a. consist of symbols and their grammatical arrangement. b. are a systematic arrangement of symbols used to create meanings in the mind of another person or persons. c. are all symbols that are not words, including bodily movements, the use of space and time, and sounds other than words. d. are any interference in the encoding and decoding processes that reduces the clarity of a message. e. are the location where communication takes place. Answer: C

Which of the following does NOT relate to the term process?

a. continuous b. ongoing c. dynamic d. static Answer: "static"

The opposite of defensive communication is

a. descriptive communication. b. supportive communication. c. provisional communication. d. neutral communication. Answer: B

Which of the following is NOT included in the study of proxemics?

a. distance b. space c. sound d. territoriality Answer: sound

Which term refers to communication between two people?

a. dyadic communication b. intrapersonal communication c. small-group communication d. synthetic communication ANSWER: A

Which two concepts seem most closely related?

a. egocentrism and personal bias b. defensiveness and self-focus c. experiential superiority and defensiveness d. personal bias and defensiveness Ans: A

Paralinguistic cues can indicate all of the following EXCEPT

a. emotional states. b. personality characteristics. c. intelligence. d. physical characteristics. Ans: C

When you do not listen well because you are daydreaming, it is because of

a. encoding. b. semantic distractions. c. noise. d. channeling. Answer: C

When you paraphrase the speaker's message and intent, ask questions, or invite corrections, you are...

a. encountering a barrier to listening. b. checking your understanding or perception of the speaker. c. engaging in listening for enjoyment. D. employing nonverbal listening behaviors. Ans: B

Which of the following is NOT a context of communication?

a. feedback b. intrapersonal c. interpersonal d. public Answer: "feedback"

Which of the following is NOT a component of communication?

a. feedback b. message c. code d. action Answer: Action

When you remember how wonderful your mother was but forget how often she made you feel inadequate, then you are exhibiting the perception concept called

a. selective retention. b. stereotyping. C. sexual discrimination. D.selective attention. Answer: A

Communication begins with the

a. self. b. other. c. dyad. d. group. Answer: A

A person who gets so involved in the particulars that she misses the main point is demonstrating an example of a

a. semantic distraction. b. factual distraction. c. mental distraction. d. physical distraction. Ans: B

Which of the following body movements would most likely be used to indicate liking?

a. spontaneous gestures b. less eye contact c. rigid posture d. close proximity Answer: close proximity

Angela tells Richard that he will not receive a raise unless he agrees to give her a massage. This is what type of sexual harassment?

a. submissive B.quid pro quo c. hostile environment d. matriarchal Answer: quid pro quo

Communication by touch is called

a. tactile communication. b. affect displays. c. territoriality. d. kinesics. Answer: tactile communication

Juan, who is majoring in political science, is giving a speech in class about the Electoral College. During his speech, he often talks very intimately about the legal functions and rules of the Electoral College. Justin ultimately bores his audience and does not get a very strong grade. What error might Justin have committed with his language usage?

A. irony b. paraphrase c. colloquialisms d. jargon Ans: D

If Anu was unable to control his communication in a way that presented an "idealized" version of himself, he would be lacking in

A. self-accrual. b. impression management. c. interaction control. D. symbolic portrayal. Answer: "impression managment"

What is one strategy for appropriate self-disclosure in interpersonal relationships?

a. Gradually decrease disclosure as your relationship develops. b. Disclose all information, even if it might cause you personal harm. c. Reveal information to others as they reveal information to you. d. Remember that disclosure is the same across all cultures. Ans: C

Which of the following is the best example of concreteness?

a. I'm from the States. b. My hometown is Isle, Minnesota, population 409. c. Sure, I'm from the Midwest. d. The place where I'm from is the friendliest town in America. Answer: My hometown is Isle, Minnesota, population 409.

Which statement below is NOT an example of ethnocentrism?

a. If the Japanese would just shake hands like we do-instead of bowing-we would get along better. B. Don't you wish everyone in the world would use deodorant and perfume as Americans do? c. American workers get higher pay for less work than most people in the world. d. Americans have developed the best civilized society in history. Answer: C

Which of the following is the best example of selective attention?

a. She immediately spotted the guy with the earring who looked so much like someone she had known before. b. They agreed with each other because they both liked the idea of government ownership of basic industry. c. He was an expert "body man" in a chop shop; she was a hair stylist in the low-rent district. d. They fought constantly over how the children should be disciplined. Ans: A

Which statement about stereotyping is true?

a. Stereotyping occurs when we have had a long time to form an informed opinion about someone. b. Some stereotypes are positive. c. Our stereotypes of people from different groups are often positive. d. We try to find similarities between ourselves and the people we stereotype. Ans: B

Which of the following statements is descriptive as opposed to evaluative?

a. That test was the toughest torture I've experienced. b. The test made my hair stand on end. c.I counted twenty questions of which I was uncertain. d. I think I flunked the test because it was unfair. Ans: C

Which of the following is not necessarily part of the process of listening?

a. The stimuli are picked up by the ear. b. The nerves transmit sensations to the brain. c. The brain assigns meanings to the stimuli. d. The receiver responds with a return message. Answer: D

Which of the following statements about distance is FALSE?

a. Women exhibit discomfort at the small space they are allowed by others. b. Women and children are given little space in our American culture. c. Women and children desire more relational closeness than do males in our society. d. Men tend to take more room because they are usually bigger in height and weight. Ans: A

Which of the following is true about men's listening behaviors as compared to women's listening behaviors?

a. Women interrupt more often. b. Men like more complex information that requires careful evaluation. c. Women like short, concise communication. d. Men listen in order to take action and solve problems. Ans: D

Which of the following does NOT mean that "words are arbitrary"?

a. Words have inherent meaning. b. Words are created by people. c. The meaning of words is decided by listeners. d. Things are named by people. Ans: A

Which of the following statements about language is FALSE?

a. Words only have meanings that people give them. b. Words also have connotative meanings. c. The context in which a word occurs helps us determine which of the possible meanings is intended. D. The meaning of a word does not change once it is included in the dictionary. Ans: D

Which of the following best exhibits critical thinking?

a. You are able to memorize what you hear. b. You are able to recall most of what you listen to. c. You are able to interpret what you hear and apply it to other knowledge. d. You are able to use what you know to apply standards to what you hear and decide the merits of the message. Answer: D

Which of the following would be a good example of self-disclosure?

a. You tell the person you meet that you are nearly six feet tall. b. You tell the person you meet that you are an African American. c. You tell the person you meet that you are getting bald. d. You tell the person that you meet that your parents were originally from Mississippi. Answer: D

With whom are you most likely to stand the closest?

a. a state senator from another state b. a person of the same race c. a person who is obviously physically handicapped d. a stranger Ans: B

Empathic listening differs from active listening in that

a. active listening is one kind of empathic listening. b. active and empathic listening are both purposeful. c. empathic listening adds the goal of understanding. d. empathic listening invites more feedback. Answer: C

According to the textbook, first impressions

a. are based on comparisons to ourselves. b. provide accuracy in our perceptions of others. c. involve group communication among different groups. d. occur independent of the communication context. Answer: A

Which of the following would be the reason an individual looking at a class picture might see his or her own face first?

a. because of its proximity to the other faces b. because it is figure and the rest of the class is ground c. because it is the image that allows closure d. because it is ground and the rest of the class is figure Answer: B

Audiences tend to remember and comprehend _____ better than _____

a. fun and games; courses and disciplines b. generalizations and main points; details and specific facts c. details and specific facts; generalizations and main points d. courses and disciplines; fun and games Answer: Generalizations and main points; details and specific facts

The term that refers to the arrangement of words is

a. grammar. b. code. C. encoding. d. syntax. Answer: Syntax

Carmella and Jésus are sitting in a coffee shop having a friendly conversation. What descriptor of their communication interaction is most accurate?

a. group communication b. intrapersonal communication c. dyadic communication d. linguistic communication Answer: dyadic communication

Carmella and Jésus are sitting in a coffee shop having a friendly conversation. What descriptor of their communication interaction is most accurate?

a. group communication b. intrapersonal communication C. dyadic communication d. linguistic communication Answer: C

Which of the following is NOT characteristic of a collectivist culture?

a. high value placed on commitment to family b. tendency of individuals to be loyal to their community c. higher value placed on cooperation D. high levels of divorce Answer: D

Which of the following is NOT cited in the book as one of the three reasons differences in perception occur?

a. identity factors b. past experience c. present feelings and circumstances d. present eating habits Answer: D

Two men are arguing at the bar when the smaller one says something unkind about the others mother. The bigger fellow glares straight ahead at his opponent. He is using a nonverbal signal that is best described as being an

a. illustrator. B. emblem. C. affect display. d. adaptor. Ans: C

According to William Schultz, three interpersonal needs that are satisfied through Interaction with others are

a. inclusion, affection, and control. b. physical well-being, safety, and security. C. inclusion, self-actualization, and socialization. d. esteem, affection, and control. Ans: A

Which relational dialectic involves tensions surrounding the need for consistency in a relationship as well as "newness and novelty"?

a. integration and separation b. expression and privacy C. stability and change d. old and new Ans: C

When you look at yourself in the mirror and decide that you need to comb your hair. you are using what context of communication?

a. intrapersonal communication b. interpersonal communication c. dyadic communication d. public communication Answer: A

James is at home watching a politically oriented discussion show on cable TV. One of the commentators is making arguments that are faulty, which makes James very angry. But James cannot express that to the commentator on TV. James is feeling the frustrations of which context of communication?

a. intrapersonal context b. interpersonal context c. public context d. mass context Answer: D

The study of nonword sounds that communicate meaning is called

a. kinesics. b. paralinguistics. c. objectics. d. artifacts. Answer: paralinguistics

Kelly is listening intently to her friend, Sheri, talk about her boyfriend who is leaving for a year to serve in the Army. Kelly says "mmm-hmm" during the conversation to show Sheri that she is listening. She is communicating using

a. kinesics. b. paralinguistic features. C objectics. D. artifacts. Ans: B

Small-group communication occurs in:

a. large groups b. mass communication c. a small group of people d. interpersonal communication mass audiences Answer: C

Which of the following would NOT be an example of an identity factor that affects perception?

a. mental distractions such as daydreaming b. a transgender identity c. a background in Roman Catholicism d. a woman who weighs ninety-seven pounds Answer: A

Relationships in which the two sexual relationship are called people are not romantically involved but have a sexual relationship are called

a. nascent friends. b. stabilized friendships. c. friends with benefits. d. diminished friendships. Answer: C

Tinnitus is something that would be most likely to affect your

a. nonverbal gestures. b. listening. c. hearing. d. speaking. Ans: C

The idea that our past experiences lead us to see the world in a particular way that is difficult to change is called

a. perceptual constancy. b. selective retention. c. cultural selection. d. stubbornness. Answer: A

Which of the following terms is NOT part of the definition of communication?

a. process b. signs C. meaning d. messages Answer: "signs"

Erving Goffman's theory of self-presentation is based on what type of perspective?

a. psychology b. dramaturgy C. statistics d. definitional Answer: B

Which type of nonverbal communication occurs when you send the same message both verbally and nonverbally?

a. repeating b. emphasizing c. complimenting d. substituting Answer: repeating

Paraphrasing is the act of

a. repeating what you think you heard. b. repeating what you think you heard in your own words. c. reporting what you think you heard in the same words you think you heard. d. responding to what you think you heard with a creative interpretation of what you think you heard. Ans: B

Which type of need can only be fulfilled through interpersonal interaction?

a. safety b. affection C. security d. information Answer: B

A skill in critical listening which you perceive the speaker as competent and trustworthy is referred to as:

a. second-person observation b. first-person observation C. source perception d. source credibility e. verbal reasoning Ans: D

A person groups stimuli into meaningful units during which part of perception?

a. selection b. interpretation c. organization d. interactionism Answer: C

Which of the following is NOT a function of a speech introduction?

a. to forecast the development and organization of the speech b. to establish your qualifications for speaking c. to state a brief summary of the main arguments you will be presenting d. to gain and maintain audience attention Answer: to state a brief summary of the main argument you will be presenting

Which of these statements is an example of euphemism?

a. toilet b. can c. head d. rest room Answer: "rest room"

As he drove out of the driveway, he saw his wife waving but did not realize that she wanted him to stop to avoid running over the tricycle. He thought she was just waving good-bye. The problem in this nonverbal episode is that we

a. use variety of cues to communicate the same meaning. b. use the same cue to communicate a variety of meanings. c. have a one-to-one relationship between signal and meaning, so that one cue has one meaning. d. have many ways to say good-bye, including handshakes, hugging, and waving. Answer: B

Acme company has a mission statement that is open to interpretation. Many stakeholders identify with it. Their mission statement is

a. validated. b. ambiguous. c. interactive. d. informational. Answer: "ambiguous"

Saying "uh huh" to indicate you understand is using what is classified as a

a. verbal code. b. nonverbal code. c. language code. d. linguistic code. Answer: B