Community Final Exam Practice Q's
True or False: Signs and symptoms of Lyme disease include red, circular rash at site of bitte, tiredness, fever, chills, joint pain, muscle aches, headache, stiff neck and swollen lymph nodes.
True
True or False: The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (USDHHS) is the federal agency most heavily involved with the health and welfare concerns of U.S. citizens
True
True or False: The community health nurse can advocate for funding for a clinic with the help of community members voicing their concerns and calling on political leaders to act.
True
True or False: The community health nurse may use the ecomap to assess the elderly and community groups working relationship
True
True or False: The school nurse monitors the children for all of their state-mandated immunizations is an example of primary prevention.
True
True or False: Vertical transmission is disease-causing agent (pathogen) from mother to baby during the period immediately before and after birth
True
True or False: Voluntary agency in the public health setting is supported by charities (such as United Way, Medicare, Medicaid, etc)
True
True or False: When assessing for abuse and neglect during a home visit, the nurse must conduct a physical assessment and mental health assessment first.
True
A community health nurse is conducting a neighborhood discussion group about disaster planning. What information regarding the transmission of anthrax should the nurse provide to the group? A. Infection is acquired when anthrax spores enter a host. B. Mature anthrax bacteria live dormant on inanimate objects. C. Spores cannot survive for extended periods outside of a living host. D. Anthrax is transmitted by respiratory droplets from person to person
A
During a visit to the community health clinic, a 45 yr old native American female, who has a BMI of 35, complains of changes in her vision. Which condition is most important for the RN to be aware of in the client's family hx? A. Diabetes B. Glaucoma C. Hypertension D. Brain Tumor
A
The nurse is working in a community clinic that serves a population comprised mainly of migrant families. In planning the use of resources for secondary prevention, which activity should be the priority? A. Skin testing for tuberculosis. B. Glucose monitoring for diabetes. C. Blood work for cardiovascular disease. D. Height and weight for altered nutrition.
A
The nurse plans to implement a community health program targeting teenage smoking. Prior to initiating this program, which information is most important for the nurse to obtain? A. The incidence of smoking among the teenage population in this community. B. The amount of available funding for tobacco prevention education programs. C. The target objectives for teenage smoking described by Healthy People 2020. D. Satisfaction data from programs that targeted the teenage population in this community.
A
What action is best for the community health nurse to take if the nurse suspects that an infant is being physically abused? A. Follow agency protocols to report suspected abuse. B. Report suspicions to the local child abuse reporting hotline. C. Educate the child's caregivers about growth and development issues. D. Call the police department to have the child removed from the home.
A
The role of the nurse who wants to become more active in environmental health could include which of the following? (Select all that apply.) a. Assessing farmworkers for pesticide exposure and providing pesticide risk education b. Conducting epidemiologic investigations as a public health nurse (PHN) c. Developing corporate policy to protect workers from unsafe levels of toxic agents d. Organizing the local community to encourage landlords to remove lead-based paint e. Working as a skilled risk communicator for a local chemical manufacturer
A, B, C, D, E Nurses can have a vital role in reducing environmental risk, educating workers and/or the community, and helping to eliminate risks in the local community. As nurses learn more about the environment, opportunities for integration of such work into their practices, educational programs, research, advocacy, and policy work will become evident and will evolve.
Effects of homelessness on health care outcomes can be devastating and may include which of the following? (Select all that apply.) a. Higher incidence of acute and chronic disease b. Higher risk of physical trauma c. Crisis-oriented health care, usually in emergency departments d. Reduced eligibility for entitlement/assistance programs e. Lack of awareness of care options
A, B, C, E Homelessness is correlated with poor health outcomes. The incidence of acute and chronic illness, acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), and trauma is significantly higher among homeless persons. Although homeless persons are at higher risk for physiological problems, they have greater difficulty accessing health care services. Health care is usually crisis-oriented and sought in emergency departments, and those who access health care have a hard time following prescribed regimens. Health problems of homeless clients are often directly related to poor preventive health care services. In addition to facing challenges related to self-care, homeless people usually give lower priority to health promotion and health maintenance than to obtaining food and shelter. They spend most of their time trying to survive. Just getting money to buy food is a major challenge. Although some homeless persons are eligible for entitlement programs such as Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF), Women, Infants, and Children (WIC), or Social Security, others must beg for money, sell plasma or blood products, steal, sell drugs, or engage in prostitution. Barriers to treatment include lack of awareness of treatment options, lack of available space in treatment facilities, inability to pay for treatment, lack of transportation, nonsupportive attitudes of service providers, and lack of coordinated services.
The nursing education coordinator is creating employee orientation materials for staff nurses who plan to work at a clinic that serves a lower socioeconomic neighborhood. What information should the educator include regarding the clinic's client population? (Select all that apply.) A. Most of the clients are unemployed or disabled. B. Access to mass transit may be an issue. C. Clients will need reminders to bring insurance cards. D. Basic physiologic needs of this population are often unmet. E. Clients who are homebound will qualify for Medicaid. F. Nonadherence to healthcare recommendations is likely.
A, B, D
Lillian Wald was a significant person in the history of American nursing. Which contributions can be attributed to her? (Select all that apply.) A. Development of public health nursing practice. B. First nursing service for occupational health. C. Campaigned for laws to require registration for nurses. D. Established committee that was the forerunner of the NLN. E. Instituted a sliding scale fee for service.
A, B, D, E
A 16-year-old female client returns to the clinic because she is pregnant for the third time by a new boyfriend. Which vaccine should the nurse plan to administer? A. Measles-mumps-rubella. B. Hepatitis B. C. Human papillomavirus. D. Pneumococcal.
B
A nurse is planning a nutrition class for a group of senior citizens at a community center and wants to emphasize the amount and types of fat in some foods versus others. What is the best teaching method for the nurse to use? a. Display posters with foods and tell seniors about fat content b. Determine foods most often eaten by this group and discuss the nutritional panel of each product c. Show a movie about cooking with foods that are low in fat but delicious d. Ask each senior to bring a food for others to taste, then estimate the fat contained in these foods
B
A nurse organizes a community action group to help resolve health problems in a low income neighborhood with a large population of recent immigrants from Africa. What problem should the nurse address first? A. High rate of unemployment. B. Low immunization rate of children. C. Provision of substandard health care. D. Access to bilingual care providers
B
A community health nurse is planning to implement an outreach program for a community group. Which criteria should the nurse clarify about the program when examining sources for funding? A. Focuses on multiple health problems or concerns. B. Identifies populations and individuals in need of healthcare services. C. Evaluates variations in health services and health status among populations. D. Offers healthcare services to community members in local factories, schools, and churches.
D
True or False: Initial treatment for new onset hypertension includes blood pressure checks for 2-3 week before starting antihypertensive medications. Follow-up care and then anti HTN meds is BP remains elevated.
True
True or False: An Ecomap is a pictorial display of a person's family relationships and medical histor
False
True or False: Migrant workers are at risk for TB, exposure to pesticides and other hazardous materials, risk for skin cancer, risk for dental problems
True
True or False: Patient teaching to help reduce the incidence of vector borne diseases include the use of insect repellant and wearing long sleeve shirt.
True
True or False: RN must do initial assessment of pt; ADLs can be delegated to a nursing care aid
True
True and False: Prophylactic Relenza can be used for influenza A and B treatment; for community outbreaks beginning within 5 days of outbreak and can administer up to 28 days.
True
True or False: Acanthosis nigricans is skin condition seen in children that is characterized by dark, thick, velvety skin in body folds and creases; most often affects the armpits, groin and neck.
True
True or False: Among migrant families, tuberculosis rates are unusually high and should be a priority focus for secondary prevention. The incidence and the risk for spread of tuberculosis is a priority in this population
True
True or False: Elderly clients who are discharged from the hospital must have a home safety evaluation completed by the case manager prior to discharge.
True
True or False: Frequent and untreated STI's such as chlamydia has a high risk for pelvic inflammatory disease
True
True or False: Risk factor assessment and screening for the diabetic client with a family history of CV disease must include a lipid panel.
True Especially if there is a h/o CV early death in the family. Remember, you screen at an earlier age if there is a family h/o the disease such as breast cancer, prostate cancer.
True or False: It is important that the community health nurse teach the elderly client with diabetes about foot care so the client does not need to be evaluated by the podiatrist.
False Client must be referred to a podiatrist especially if they don't wear shoes in the house.
True or False: One of the goals of Healthy People 2020 initiative for school health is to increased the number of locked guns at home.
False Decrease the number of guns in schools. Kids are getting killed more and more due to gun violence in schools
The nurse is preparing to discharge an elderly, recently widowed female client following a mild stroke. At this time she is able to walk with the aid of a walker. As part of the discharge planning, what referral is most important for the nurse to make? A. Pastoral care. B. Meals-on-Wheels. C. Grief support group. D. Physical therapy.
B
The school RN is assessing a group of middle school students for signs of scoliosis & discovers a female student w/ a noticeable unequal symmetry of the upper and lower back. Which intervention is most important for the RN to implement? A. Send the student home B. Make a referral to have the scoliosis further evaluated. C. Withdraw the student from all physical activities D. Tell the student to not carry her backpack on her back
B
Which of the following patients would the home care nurse assess first? A. 65 year- old male with known COPD and difficulty breathing after climbing a flight of stairs B. A 78 year old with CHF who has gained 4lbs according to her tele-monitoring C. A 50 year old with bilateral leg swelling and difficulty walking D. A 60 year old with lower back pains
B
True or False: The elderly client who is independent in his homes does not need to have a home safety assessment completed.
False Must assess the home safety especially if the client is ambulatory.
True or False: Suspected elder abuse in the community setting should be reported directly to the authority.
False The agency
True or False: It is not necessary to assess for drug interactions with the elderly since the pharmacist usually educate the client about their medications.
False Must teach about medication interactions
Monitoring and public reporting of air quality in a local community to assist individuals with asthma or other respiratory conditions best illustrates the application of: a. compliance and enforcement. b. environmental epidemiology. c. secondary prevention. d. toxicology.
B Epidemiologic studies enable us to understand the strength of the association between exposures and health effects, such as the relation between air pollution and asthma exacerbation.
The public health nurse is creating a plan to increase state funding for a local health clinic. Which strategy is likely to be most effective in obtaining funding for the clinic? a. Run the health clinic economically and advertise the services the clinic provides b. Organize concerned citizens to write letters and telephone state representatives c. Described to the media the valuable services provided by the community clinic d. Engage a professional lobbyist to persuade Congress of the local clinic's value
B
While discussing the science of nursing, the nurse identifies the domain of nursing theory. Which linkages should the nurse provide to describe nursing's paradigm? A. The person, the environment or situation, and health. B. Stress reduction, self-care, and a systems model. C. Curative care, restorative care, and terminal care. D. Self-actualization, fundamental needs, and bel
A
A male client is brought to the emergency department as the result of a motorcycle accident. He was not wearing a helmet at the time of the accident, and states that he has no intention of ever wearing one. Within the framework of the Transtheoretical Model (TTM), which response should the nurse provide? A. Wearing a helmet or not is certainly an individual decision. B. You should seriously consider wearing a helmet. C. Riding a motorcycle with a helmet increases your safety. D. I really think you don't have the facts about helmet use.
A
A nurse working in a community health setting is performing primary health screenings. Which individual is at highest risk for contracting an HIV infection? A. A 17-year-old who is sexually active with numerous partners. B. A 45-year-old lesbian who has been sexually active with two partners in the past year. C. A 30-year-old cocaine user who inhales the drug and works in a topless bar. D. A 34-year-old male homosexual who is in a monogamous relationship.
A
An assessment conducted last year of the health needs of children who attended a middle school indicated that bicycle injuries were a priority problem, so the RN developed a bicycle safety program. 6 weeks after completion of the program, a survey was sent home to parents & students. Which finding is the best indicator that the program was effective? A. The number of students wearing helmets increased by 10% B. The number of students with bruises from falls from their bicycle decreased C. Students wearing seatbelts while in cars D. Students were taught how to cross the street on their bicycle
A
The RN at a migrant health center notes an increased incidence of dermatitis in seasonal farm workers at a local fruit farm. In response to this finding, it is most important for the RN to obtain which info as part of the community assessment? A. Availability of clean fresh water to wash hands after work. B. Proper housing C. Access to health care services D. Access to transportation
A
The home health nurse is admitting a client with Parkinson's disease to the home healthcare service. In planning care for this client, which nursing diagnosis has priority? A. Impaired physical mobility related to muscle rigidity and weakness. B. Ineffective coping related to depression and dysfunction due to disease progression. C. Ineffective breathing pattern related to respiratory muscle weakness. D. Fear related to constant possibility of experiencing seizures.
A
The nurse administers a booster dose of DTaP (diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis) vaccine to an infant. Which level of prevention is the nurse implementing? A. Primary prevention. B. Tertiary prevention. C. Secondary prevention. D. Primary nursing.
A
The nurse is screening children at a local community health clinic for infectious diseases. Which child is at highest risk for hepatitis B virus (HBV)? A. A newborn. B. A 3-year-old. C. A 7-year-old. D. An 11-year-old.
A
The public health RN is called to investigate a report of several cases of varicella at a day care center. The day care workers state that 5 children have been sent home over the past 2 weeks w/ fever & itchy blisters. Which intervention should the RN implement first? A. Validate that the children who were sent home had chickenpox. B. Ask the parents to take the child to see their pediatrician C. Ask the parents to not send the child back to daycare until after 6 weeks D. Tell the parents to send the child back to daycare it was a mistake they were sent home
A
What is an example of a positive outcome for one of the Leading Health Indicators of Healthy People 2020? A. A community has adopted a no smoking policy. B. A rural community has a public transportation system. C. The high school drop out rate has decreased by 15%. D. A county has decreased their divorce rate by 10%.
A
When asked to help develop interventions to combat obesity among children, the community health nurse should stress the importance of implementing which activity? A. Set goals that are focused on developing healthier lifestyles. B. Develop strict diet plans for school-aged children. C. Provide diet classes for the obese children during school hours. D. Require all children to participate in organized team sports.
A
Which bioterrorism agent is at high risk for use as a potential biological weapon that is readily transmitted by several portals of entry? A. Anthrax. B. Smallpox. C. Botulism. D. Tularemia.
A
Community health nurses conducting health education among populations vulnerable to HIV infection explain the natural history of the infection, including the fact that HIV infection may go undetected during the primary infection stage because of which issue? a. Antibody test results are typically negative. b. Antibody production by the immune system increases. c. Incubation period is prolonged. d. Symptoms include myalgias, sore throats, and rash.
A Individuals may experience flu-like symptoms such as lymphadenopathy, myalgias, sore throat, lethargy, rash, and fever during the primary stage of HIV infection. Results of an antibody test during this phase are usually negative, so the illness often is not recognized as HIV infection. After a variable period of time, commonly 6 weeks to 3 months, HIV antibodies appear in the blood and can be used to confirm the presence of HIV infection.
Long-term consequences of victimization indicate that violence must be addressed as which of the following? a. Community and public health problem b. Legal and political concern c. Medical and health care concern d. Nursing concern
A Violence should be considered a community and public health problem because violence results in significant mortality and morbidity, contributing to health care costs; exposure to violence as either a victim or witness can predict violent behavior in the future (violence begets violence); health care professionals have been slow to develop a response to violence; community factors contribute to violence; and evidence-based interventions have demonstrated that violence can be decreased or prevented and the community's capacity to respond to violence can be increased.
The home health nursing director is conducting an educational program for registered nurses and practical nurses about Medicare reimbursement. To obtain payment for Medicare services, what must be included in the client's record? A. A prescription from the healthcare provider for each visit made. B. Documentation of a skilled care service provided during the visit. C. A copy of the client's health history and social security card. D. A record of the preventative healthcare services provided during the visit.
B
The nurse is preparing an orientation class for new employees at an inner city clinic that serves a low-income population. Which information should the nurse include in the presentation to these new employees? A. A lack of transportation is the major impediment for the clinic's clients. B. Basic physiologic needs are likely to be unmet in this clinic's client population. C. Printed material is less effective for this population that has limited reading skills. D. A group education class is often poorly attended by non-compliant clients.
B
During an initial clinic visit, the nurse is taking the history for a client who wants to confirm her pregnancy. The client's last child has a history of low-birth-weight (LBW). Which additional finding is most important for the nurse to consider? A. Cigarette smoking. B. African American ethnicity. C. Poor nutritional status. D. Limited maternal education.
B
Parkinson's disease. The home health care nurse reports the client is getting worse and her husband is no longer able to care for her in the home. Which action should the home health nurse implement first? A. Request a chaplain to counsel with the couple. B. Assign a home health care aide to provide care daily. C. Talk to the husband about placing his wife in a nursing home. D. Contact the client's children to discuss the situation.
B
Several employees who have a 10 year or longer hx of smoking ask the occupation nurse for assistance w/ smoking cessation. The RN develops a 2 month program that includes weekly group sessions on lifestyle changes and use of OTC products. Which measurement provides the best indication of the program's effectiveness? A. Encourage the employees to disclose if they have joined another smoking cessation group B. Ask the employee to inform the group if they stop smoking and if they start back up again C. Survey the employees about their smoking habits D. Observe if the employees are smoking in the smoking designated areas.
B
The RN is making a home visit to a female client w/ end stage heart disease. She has a living will and states she will never go back to the hospital. During the visit, the RN notes that the client is pale & sob while speaking. The RN discovers 3+ edema in both ankles and bilateral pulmonary crackles. Which intervention should the RN implement first? A. Order a CXR B. Obtain a peripheral O2sat reading C. Obtain order for CBC D. Tell the patient to stay in bed
B
A nurse volunteering at a local homeless shelter notes that many of the clients have acute and chronic illnesses and are in need of primary health care services. Which strategy would the nurse consider most effective when working with these clients? a. Form a community partnership to establish a clinic for homeless persons. b. Create a trusting environment and establish a therapeutic relationship. c. Collaborate with the local united way to obtain funding for primary care services. d. Dialogue with local clergy to address the unmet primary care need for homeless persons.
B In working with the homeless, it is important to create a trusting environment. Trust is essential to the development of a therapeutic relationship with poor or homeless persons. Many clients and families have been disappointed by interactions with health care and social systems. They are now mistrustful and see little hope for change. Establishing a trusting relationship lays the foundation for a more comprehensive assessment of clients' perception of their health care needs and a determination of factors that may contribute to their current health status issues.
The nurse teaches all clients primary prevention for STDs. Which topic does the nurse include? a. Partner notification b. Safer sex c. Standard precautions d. STD testing
B Primary prevention activities are those that prevent the onset of diseases or injuries. Teaching safer sex practices are an example of primary prevention.
Professional nursing organizations recommend that all women be routinely screened for domestic violence. When is the most appropriate time for this screening? a. When they are in the ED with physical trauma. b. When they come to any health care setting. c. When they report increased stress in the home. d. When they visit the provider repeatedly for anxiety.
B Professional nursing associations recommend that all women be routinely screened for domestic violence each time they come to a health care setting. Doing so would greatly increase the number of women who could be treated for abuse.
To target populations at greatest risk for suicide, a community-based prevention program should consider outreach to: a. adolescent females, adults older than age 65 years, and men. b. depressed elderly men and persons with a prior history of suicide attempt(s). c. married men, elderly women, and adolescents with a family history of suicide. d. middle-aged men and healthy females with a family history of suicide.
B Suicide is the second leading cause of death of young persons between the ages of 15 and 34 years. The majority of those who commit suicide have a mental health or substance abuse disorder. Other risk factors are prior suicide attempt, stressful life events, and access to lethal methods. In the United States, older adults 75 years and older are at the highest risk for suicide.
In following the principles of nursing interventions with violent families, which action by the nurse takes priority? a. Avoid provoking the perpetrator by suggesting the victim leave. b. Indicate zero tolerance for any further violence, degradation, or exploitation. c. Provide assurances that the family's confidentiality will not be violated. d. Tell the family you will report child abuse to the authorities.
B The five principles of providing care to families who are experiencing violence include intolerance for violence, respect and care for all family members, safety as a first priority, absolute honesty, and empowerment. Nurses must clearly indicate that any further violence, degradation, and exploitation of family members will not be tolerated, but that all family members are respected, valued human beings. However, everyone must understand that the safety of every family member is the first priority.
A nurse is assigned to teach clients STD prevention information. What information will the nurse include in the presentation? a. Always use spermicides with condoms to reduce the risk of contracting chlamydia or gonorrhea. b. Condoms can be effective in preventing infections transmitted by fluids from mucosal surfaces but are not always effective in preventing infections transmitted by skin-to-skin contact. c. Condoms should not be used during oral sex, because they are not effective in preventing transmission of infection. d. When genital ulcers are present, condoms should be used to prevent the spread of infection.
B The lesions of HSV-2 and HPV infection as well as other lesions capable of transmitting STDs can occur on all parts of the male and female genitalia and rectum. Condoms are effective in reducing transmission via body fluids from the penis and vagina. However, lesions not covered by a male or female condom can still transmit infection even with proper condom use.
A nurse working in a clinic in an inner city with high poverty and unemployment rates recognizes the need for programs for women because impoverished women are at higher risk for: a. decreased access to social services. b. poorer health status. c. exposure to environmental toxins. d. poorer academic success.
B The relationship between poverty and health is significant. Poverty presents a formidable obstacle to positive health across the life span. Those in lower income groups have poorer health status, and those with poor health have decreased ability to work and improve their socioeconomic status.
A home health nurse knows that a 70-year-old male client who is convalescing at home following a hip replacement, is at risk for developing decubitus ulcers. Which physical characteristic of aging contributes to such a risk? A. 16% increase in overall body fat. B. Reduced melanin production. C. Thinning of the skin with loss of elasticity. D. Calcium loss in the bones.
C
A senior high school student, whose immunization status is current, asks the school nurse which immunizations will be included in the precollege physical. Which vaccine should the nurse tell the student to expect to receive? A. Hepatitis C (HepC) B. Influenza type B (HIB) C. Measles, mumps, rubella (MMR) D. Diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis (DTaP)
C
The RN is serving on a medical center committee to update goals and protocols based on the national standards. Which goal most directly addresses the Healthy People 2020 initiative? A. Reduce ED wait time for indigent clients B. Providing transportation for medically challenged clients C. Provide access to health services D. Refer clients to local health department for medical services
C
The community health nurse is planning a series of educational courses about the healthcare system and meeting healthcare needs for the community center. Which adjunct issue should the nurse address for a group of older adults? A. Peer concerns. B. Adult daycare. C. Retirement issues. D. Vocational concerns.
C
The home health care agency can expect to obtain Medicare reimbursement for which home visit performed by a registered nurse (RN) or a practical nurse (PN)? A. Assessment of the speech pattern of a mobile adult who had a mild stroke last year. B. Safety teaching for an older male client whose wife complains that he uses an unsafe ladder while painting. C. Wound care for a client who had postoperative infection following abdominal surgery two weeks ago. D. Evaluation of crutch use by a 65-year-old male client who broke his tibia while snow skiing.
C
The nurse is teaching a community group about risks of cardiovascular disease. Several clients ask the nurse to determine their risk. Which client should the nurse identify as having the greatest risk for cardiovascular disease? A. A male with a serum cholesterol level of 199 mg/dl. B. A female with a serum cholesterol level of 201 mg/dl. C. A male with a low-density lipoprotein (LDL) level of 200 mg/dl. D. A female with a low-density-lipoprotein (LDL) level of 160 mg/dl.
C
Which client has the greatest risk for developing community-acquired pneumonia? A. A 40-year-old first-grade teacher who works with underprivileged children. B. A 75-year-old retired secretary with exercise-induced wheezing. C. A 60-year-old homeless person who is an alcoholic and smokes. D. A 35-year-old aerobics instructor who skips meals and eats only vegetables.
C
Which intervention should the public health nurse implement when attempting to address one of the leading health indicators of Healthy People 2020? A. Lead a weekly water aerobics class for the elderly at a community center. B. Teach a class on cultural awareness to nursing students at the university. C. Design and implement a no smoking campaign at the local high school. D. Write a grant to help provide glucometers to individuals who cannot afford one
C
Which presentation of an infectious disease is acquired through an indirect transmission? A. Syphilis contracted from a sexual partner. B. Measles resulting from a daycare center outbreak. C. Malaria following exposure in a mosquito-infested area. D. Nosocomial influenza spreading rapidly in a long-term center.
C
Which topic should the nurse include in planning a primary prevention class for adolescents? A. Risk factors for heart disease. B. Dietary management of obesity. C. Suicide risks and prevention. D. Coping with stressful situations.
C
A client newly diagnosed with herpes simplex virus 2 (HSV-2) infection and syphilis asks, "Okay, so how do I get rid of all this stuff?" In developing a plan of care, the nurse recognizes that which topic is essential to address? a. Correct use of condoms to prevent transmission of all STDs. b. Cures for each of the STDs identified. c. Risk of skin-to-skin contact in transmitting the identified STDs. d. Safety of sexual contact in the absence of lesions.
C Among other things, clients need to understand how STDs are transmitted, including by body fluids and through skin-to-skin contact. HSV2 can be transmitted in the absence of skin lesions.
After accepting the position of school nurse in an public elementary school, what strategy is best for the nurse to use to obtain an overview understanding of the student body? A. Review all of the health records of the students presently registered for classes. B. Talk with the current officers of the parent-teacher association. C. Send home a survey form to parents of third grade students. D. Conduct a windshield survey of the geographic areas served by the school.
D
The nurse at a health fair has taken a client's blood pressure twice, 10 minutes apart, in the same arm while the client is seated. The nurse records the two blood pressures of 172/104 mm Hg and 164/98 mm Hg. What is the appropriate nursing action in response to these readings? A. Refer the client to a nutritionist after providing health teaching about a low-sodium diet. B. Place the client in a recumbent position and call the paramedics for transport to the hospital. C. Talk with the client to assess whether there is stress in the client's life and refer to a counseling service. D. Take the client's blood pressure in the other arm and then schedule a healthcare practitioner's appointment for as soon as possible.
D
The nurse is administering the measles, mumps, rubella (MMR) vaccine to a 12-month old child during the well-baby visit. Which age range should the nurse advise the parents to plan for their child to receive the MMR booster based on the current recommendations and guidelines by the Center for Disease Control (CDC)? A. 13 to 18 years of age. B. 11 to 12 years of age. C. 18 to 24 months of age. D. 4 to 6 years of age.
D
The nurse is conducting a process evaluation of a prevention education program for older adults who are risk for substance abuse. Which data source provides the information the nurse needs to conduct this process evaluation? a. Client's score on an alcohol screening instrument b. Results of a urine drug and alcohol screen c. Most recent community census data d. Documentation of client education in the nursing record
D
The nurse is designing a community health project based on a report provided by the World Health Organization that describes healthcare problems in the United States. Which healthcare issue should the nurse give the highest priority when planning the project? A. Overuse of diagnostic technology. B. Government-based health insurance. C. The neonatal and infant mortality rates. D. Number of people without access to health care.
D
The nurse is planning an immunization campaign targeting the children of migrant farm workers in the community. Which data should the nurse review before exploring solution options when developing this program plan? A. Uncertain risks. B. Potential outcomes. C. Priority of solutions. D. Target population data.
D
Which ethnicity has the highest risk for diabetes? A. African Americans B. Hispanic Americans C. Asian Americans D. Native Americans
D
Which of the following is a voluntary organization A. NIH B. FDA C. CDC D. ADA
D
Which topic should the nurse include in planning a secondary prevention project for the local retirement community? A. Safety measures in the home. B. Adult immunization program. C. Rehabilitation after surgery. D. Vision and hearing screening.
D
A public health nurse has been recruited to lead a community environmental lead exposure reduction program. What action by this nurse is best? a. Advocate for funding at the state and federal levels. b. Create a multidisciplinary team to work on different aspects of the problem. c. Determine how other cities and counties have managed this problem. d. Research the number of houses likely to contain lead-based paint.
D All actions could lead to the success of this program; however, environmental health-risk identification and risk-reduction intervention require a multidisciplinary team. The nurse would put together a multidisciplinary team to address the problem from many different perspectives.
A school nurse is teaching students about the relationship between the risk of sexually transmitted disease (STD) and risk-taking behaviors. Which key point will the nurse include? a. All STDs are easily preventable with consistent condom use. b. Once a young woman is pregnant, she is no longer at risk for most STDs. c. STDs are most likely to be transmitted during a student's initial sexual encounter. d. Use of alcohol and drugs makes a student more likely to make risky decisions.
D Drug use is linked to STD transmission because drugs such as alcohol lower inhibitions and impair judgment about engaging in risky behaviors. Addictions to drugs may cause individuals to acquire the drug or money to purchase the drug by performing sexual favors. This increases both the frequency of sexual contacts and the chances of contracting STDs. Adolescents are particularly at risk.
When applying the nursing process to environmental health, which action would the nurse take? a. Conduct an assessment focused on a client's presenting problem. b. Coordinate interventions with the primary care provider of record. c. Examine criteria that are limited to the client's immediate responses. d. Include outcome measures to mitigate and eliminate the contributing factors.
D If the nurse suspects that the client's health problem is being influenced by environmental factors, the nurse should follow the nursing process and note the environmental aspects of the problem in every step of the nursing process. For instance, in goal setting, the nurse should include outcome measures that relate to mitigation and elimination of the environmental factors.
A nurse takes the time to read and understand the community's disaster plans and participates in mock disaster drills as a leader of the triage team. The nurse obtained disaster management training through the local Red Cross chapter and registered with the state as a disaster management nurse. Which description of the nurse's activities is accurate? a. American Red Cross disaster training b. Community preparedness c. Personal preparedness d. Professional preparedness
D Preparedness takes place at three levels: personal, professional, and community. The nurse who is professionally prepared is aware of and understands the disaster plans at the workplace and in the community.
What connection does the nurse make between the older adult and poverty? a. Medical expenses often lead to bankruptcy. b. Older men have a higher poverty rate than women. c. Poverty for elders has risen overall since the 1960s. d. Staying out of poverty is a near-daily challenge.
D The demarcation between poverty and near poverty among those aged 65 and older is fluid and precarious. A serious illness, injury, or other sudden disruption can force a senior to choose between paying for medication, heating, and food.
A nurse is among the first responders to a disaster. What action by the nurse takes priority? a. Arranging for shelter for disaster providers b. Beginning community assessment as soon as possible c. Beginning disease surveillance and planning health education d. Immediately developing plans for effective triage and client management.
D The first priority when responding to a disaster is to immediately plan for, coordinate, and carry out effective triage. Disaster response includes community assessment, surveillance, health education, and coordination of shelter arrangements. However, the first task is to provide care for life-threatening injuries and conditions.
The role of the community mental health nurse on a multidisciplinary team caring for clients with mental illness is best exemplified by which of the following? a. Providing psychometric testing, case management, and advocacy services b. Role-playing conflict management skills, dispensing medication, working with insurance companies to maximize reimbursement c. Teaching medication self-management, providing therapeutic counseling, providing family intervention d. Teaching medication management and self-management skills, coordinating care including assessment, referral, and follow-up
D The role of the nurse in community mental health includes serving as clinician, educator, and coordinator. The clinician role includes helping the client maintain or regain coping abilities that promote maximum functioning. The educator role includes teaching symptom self-management and medication management. The role of the coordinator must include case finding, referral, and follow-up to evaluate system breakdown and deficits.
A client comes to the local clinic with acute symptoms of fever, nausea, lack of appetite, malaise, and abdominal discomfort. During the course of the assessment, the nurse inquires as to the client's employment and job duties. Which response would the nurse view as most important? a. Identifies as bi-sexual. b. Is a strict pesco-vegetarian. c. Occasionally uses intravenous drugs. d. Works in a daycare center and changes diapers.
D This patient has symptoms of hepatitis A. Hepatitis A virus is most often transmitted through the fecal-oral route. It remains the most frequently reported vaccine-preventable disease. Outbreaks are common in daycare centers where staff must change diapers, among household and sexual contacts of infected individuals, and among travelers to countries were hepatitis A is endemic.
True or False: A Genogram shows representation of the family's interactions with other groups and organizations, and is accomplished by using a series of circles and lines.
False
True or False: Providing water for handwashing to prevent contact dermatitis in migrant farm workers is an example of secondary prevention.
False
True or False: The classroom setting is environment for best teaching to an adolescent
True
